甲必丹葉觀盛時代的吉隆坡客家幫權政治發展（1889-1902）

Abstract

吉隆坡華人甲必丹從1861至1889年，皆由惠州客家人所包辦，顯見惠州客家人在當時除了是吉隆坡客家幫的領導，同時也掌控了吉隆坡華人幫權政治的領導權。然而，自赤溪人葉觀盛在1889年接任甲必丹之後，惠州人主導吉隆坡客家幫以及華人幫權政治的情景已不再。雖然在地緣上赤溪屬廣肇府，但是在方言上赤溪人則講客家話。因此，來自廣肇幫的葉觀盛接任甲必丹之後，仍能在一定程度上保持客家幫在吉隆坡的相關利益。當葉觀盛在1902年去世後，客家幫擔任地方領袖的影響力更明顯减退，取而代之的是新興的廣肇幫。客家幫影響力消减，早在葉德來去世之後就有迹可尋，主要是當時的客家幫面臨了一連串的內外衝擊所致。

The years between 1861 and 1889, the post of Kuala Lumpur Capitan was hold exclusively by the Huizhou (惠州) Hakka people. The Huizhou Hakka not only provided the leadership for the Hakka group but also dominated the clan politics among the various Chinese groups during this period. This phenomenon was broken when Yap Kwan Seng took over the Capitan post in 1889. Although Capitan Yap Kwan Seng belongs to the Hakka dialect group but he came from Chixi (赤溪) Hakka, and Chixi belongs to the GuangZhao (廣肇) prefectures. Nevertheless, the Hakka dialect group still retained their political influence in Kuala Lumpur area during the period of Capitan Yap Kwan Seng. When Capitan Yap Kwan Seng passed away in 1902, the Hakka clan's dominance in local leadership was slowly diminishing, and replaced by the emerging GuangZhao group. In fact, signs of Hakka's diminishing dominance surfaced as early as during the death of Capitan Yap Ah Loy, mainly as a result of a series of internal and external clashes and dilemmas.