陳映如聲樂演唱會 含輔助文件 巴伯與喬伊斯的詩、詞、樂之集成：巴伯藝術歌曲之研究與詮釋

Abstract

山姆爾．巴伯是一位卓越的美國作曲家，他的譜曲技巧如同他所選取的歌詞般多樣化。本論文自目前已出版的巴伯四十六首給聲樂和鋼琴的獨唱聲樂曲中，選出以詹姆士．喬伊斯的文學著作為詞的八首美國藝術歌曲作探究，包括：＜那如此甘甜的監禁＞、＜大地和空氣中的琴弦＞、＜在幽暗的松樹林＞、＜下雨了＞、＜睡吧＞、＜我聽見一支軍隊＞、 ＜諾芙蕾塔＞和＜孤零的旅館＞。

在這八首美國藝術歌曲的研究範疇中，首先簡述美國藝術歌曲的演進，其次則是介紹巴伯的音樂教育和發展、喬伊斯的成長背景和著作，以及兩位藝術家之間的關連性。另於簡介歌詞背景－喬伊斯的《室內樂》、《尤利西斯》、《芬尼根守靈記》等三部文學作品，使讀者了解歌詞風格特色與意義之後，開始歌曲的詮釋與分析，除了基本的歌詞和音樂分析之外，也探究音樂與歌詞兩者之間的關係，以及兩者的結合所展現出的歌曲個性與氛圍。期望能提供演唱者增加對巴伯這八首藝術歌曲的了解與詮釋。

Samuel Barber is a remarkable American composer, whose text-setting techniques are as diverse as the texts he selects for his songs. The purpose of this thesis is to discuss eight of Barber’s American art songs for solo voice with piano accompaniment, the lyrics of which all come from the writings of James Joyce. These songs include “Of that so sweet imprisonment”, “Strings in the earth and air”, “In the dark pinewood”, “Rain has fallen”, “Sleep now”, “I hear an army”, “Nuvoletta”, and “Solitary hotel”.

The discussion includes four main parts. First, the development of American art songs is briefly described. Second, the backgrounds of composer and the poet are introduced, and the relationship between them is discussed. Next, a summary of Chamber Music, Ulysses, and Finnegans Wake by James Joyce is presented. Finally, this study explores the character and ambiance of the eight songs by using literary and musical analysis, as well as discussion of the complex relationships between text and music. I believe this study can offer readers a reference for interpreting and performing the eight art songs.