封閉式泡沫鋁之受壓力學行為與數值模擬探討

Abstract

本研究主要目的在探討封閉式泡沫材料之受壓力學行為。研究內容包含微觀結構觀察、力學實驗以及數值模擬三大部分。微觀結構觀察部分，對泡沫材料母材各區域取出之試樣進行細胞面數、邊數以及細胞尺寸、細胞壁面厚度分布等幾何特徵參數之測量與統計。力學實驗方面，藉由一系列之壓力實驗探討試樣尺寸、試樣幾何形狀、施力方向等實驗條件對泡沫材料機械參數之影響。數值模擬方面，根據微觀結構幾何量測與統計之結果利用商用有限元素軟體 ABAQUS 建立一具代表性之數值模型。以數值模擬方式計算泡沫材料各項機械參數，並探討微觀結構幾何特徵對泡沫材料機械參數之影響。

This study aims to investigate the mechanical response of closed-cell aluminum foam. In particular the compressive response of ALPORAS aluminum foam is studied through experimental as well as numerical efforts. Inspection on the foam microstructure was systematically performed from which geometric features were characterized. Crushing experiments were subsequently performed on specimens of different testing conditions in various directions anisotropy. Effects of each of the testing conditions such as the specimen size, specimen geometry and the loading direction were accessed accordingly. A three-dimensional numerical model based on the measured microstructural geometry such as the cell anisotropy and the thickness variation of the cell walls was then developed. The model consists of a characteristic cell along with periodic boundary conditions in an effort to mimic the structure of infinite size. The numerical results exhibit correct qualitative trend on the elastic modulus.