應用品質機能展開於物流包裝設計- 以鐵管家具物流包裝為例

Abstract

隨著商業全球化的發展，跨國性的供應鏈運作更顯重要，從製造商生產完畢出貨直到銷售至消費者手中，包裝完成的產品遍及整個供應鏈。而包裝的妥適性可以直接影響運輸成本、裝卸成本、倉庫儲存和產品安全，經由全面性的考量供應鏈上所有物流活動的思維做為物流包裝設計的要素，不僅能減少包裝材料、運輸、倉儲等成本且有效的減少廢棄物的產生，也更能提升企業形象，創造製造商與客戶雙贏的效益。 品質機能展開(Quality Function Deployment, QFD)是將顧客的需求轉換成合適的內部工程技術需求，目的在使產品的設計開發及製造規劃、生產相關活動，皆能以滿足顧客之需求為導向，進行產品設計開發等一連串的活動，QFD不但能夠了解顧客實際之需求又能確保製造時的可行性。 透過鐵管家具物流包裝品質機能展開的結果發現: 在顧客聲音(Voice of Customer, VOC)部分考量了鐵管家具供應鏈上所有使用者的需求彙整為客戶需求；至於在工程聲音 (Voice of Engineering, VOE)部分，在透過品質屋關係矩陣將VOC轉換成公司機能執行順序後，公司首要執行的建議就是使用紙類包裝材料、外包裝貼標等項目。另外藉由鐵管家具物流包裝QFD第二階的展開，因為重要性的考量加入了L型護角與棧板上方隔板，提高保護功能。

With the development of global commerce, the operation of cross-countries supply chain becomes more important. Consumer could receive product directly by content provider and the packaging products are full of whole supply chains. The satisfactory of product packaging would influence on transport cost, loading and unloading cost, warehouse storage and safety of products. According to the comprehensive thought of all activities of logistic as the factor of logistic packaging design. It is not only the cost of packaging material, transportation and warehouse-storage could be decreased but also the waste would be declined effectively. Besides, the company image will be raised and create win-win situation of both manufactory and consumers at the same time. Quality Function Development, QFD, means the collect from customer needs to the inner engineering technics; the purpose of QFD is trying to fit the customers’ demand including the process of product design, develop and manufactory. QFD could understand customers’ real needs but also make sure the feasibility during manufacturing. As a result of QFD, we find out two significant ideas. The first part is that the Voice of Customer (VOC),considers the all the metal tube furniture supply chain users’ demand and synthesize as customers’ demand. The second part is that the Voice of Engineering (VOE)，after shifting the company operation sequence by quality relation matrix, the suggestion of the company needs to conduct is using paper packaging material and paste label outside. Besides, because of launching of the second stage of QFD, L-shape paper angel bead and top cover paper board on the pallet are initiated for rising protection.