Reversible phase transformation of MnO(2) nanosheets in an electrochemical capacitor investigated by in situ Raman spectroscopy

Abstract

The reversible phase transformation is reported from hexagonal to monoclinic structure responding to the intercalation/deintercalation of Na(+) between MnO(2) nanosheets upon potential cycling in aqueous electrolyte via an in situ Raman technique. This structural evolution will influence the Na(+) diffusion process in MnO(2) nanosheets and cause phase retention during the self-discharge process.