Title: | 某資源回收焚化廠對周界細懸浮微粒(PM2.5)的影響研究 Influence on Ambient PM2.5 Concentration and Composition of a Municipal Waste Incineration in Taiwan |
Authors: | 林蔡福 蔡春進 Lin, Cai-Fu Tsai, Chuen-Jinn 環境工程系所 |
Keywords: | 垃圾焚化廠;PM2.5連續監測;正規矩正因子法;incineration;continuous PM2.5 measurements;PMF |
Issue Date: | 2017 |
Abstract: | 本研究於新竹市某垃圾焚化廠周界敏感地區進行大氣PM2.5濃度監測,監測項目包括前趨氣體濃度與PM2.5的逐時質量濃度、水溶性離子及碳成分濃度,監測時間分別為焚化廠歲修前正常運轉期間(上風:南華國中;下風:港南國小,105/03/07-03/19)、歲修期間(南華國中,背景濃度量測,105/04/12-04/24)及歲修後正常運轉期間(上風:港南國小;下風:南華國中,105/07/11-07/24) (依季節風向,上下風處有所不同),以瞭解焚化廠排放之污染物對周界敏感地區空氣品質之影響。另外,本實驗亦使用手動採樣器與自動監測儀同步採樣,並比較兩者差異。手動採樣器的濾紙樣本會進行金屬元素分析,並結合微粒化學成分數據,以PMF法分析PM2.5污染來源及貢獻比例。
研究結果顯示,三次採樣之環境背景濃度、風速、風向與季節性變化對下風測點的PM2.5濃度有很大影響。發現於焚化廠歲修前後兩正常運轉期間,下風測點的PM2.5小時平均質量濃度均略高於上風測點及環保署新竹測站。PM2.5水溶性無機離子監測結果顯示,NH4+、NO3-及SO42-的變化趨勢與PM2.5質量濃度相同,且3次採樣皆以SO42-佔PM2.5濃度的比例為最高,分別為26.09%、22.44%及22.13%,其次為NH4+及NO3-。在微粒碳成分部分,結果顯示三次採樣 EC佔PM2.5的比例分別為3.62%、2.76%及2.74%,除了當地交通排放,歲修前正常運轉期間下風港南國小PM2.5中的EC亦受新竹市區交通污染傳輸所影響(東北季風)。歲修前一次碳(EC+POC)為TC的主成分,比例為57.1%,歲修期間及歲修後二次碳(SOC)則佔TC有較大比例,分別為62.77%及68.4%。
歲修前後兩期間當風速低(< 3 m/s)時,下風測點的PM2.5 質量濃度明顯高於上風測點之測值;而當風速高(> 3 m/s)時,可發現兩地PM2.5質量濃度差值有逐漸變小的趨勢,故風速變化對焚化廠周界PM2.5質量濃度有很大影響。且在相同風速下,歲修後下風測點之PM2.5質量濃度與上風測點之測值差值較歲修前小,顯示歲修後焚化廠對下風測點的PM2.5濃度的影響程度已大幅降低,代表焚化廠歲修對周界空氣品質提升有很大的幫助。
在微粒金屬元素分析方面,焚化廠正常運轉期間下風測點PM2.5中的鉛、鎘及砷濃度分別為9.18 ng/m3、0.34 ng/m3及0.13 ng/m3,均遠低於我國周界空氣中金屬污染物管制標準(鉛:1000 ng/m3;鎘:500 ng/m3;砷:200 ng/m3)。PMF分析結果顯示,PM2.5的貢獻源分別為二次污染物(31.2%)、交通排放(27.4%)、船隻燃油廢氣(20.8%)、海鹽(11.4%)及焚化廠(9.3%)。 In this study, the applicability of the real time of atmospheric chemical compositions was investigated around an incinerator in Hsinchu. This study is divided into three parts, namely, before maintenance (2016/03/07-03/19), during maintenance (2016/04/12-04/24) and after maintenance (2016/07/11-07/25). At downstream sampling site, we have an online monitoring system for simultaneous measurements of ambient PM2.5 inorganic ions (NH4+, NO3-, SO42- Na+, Cl- and K+), PPWD-PILS, and a TEOM are used. We find that concentration trends of precursor gases and PM2.5 are related to the rain event, wind speed and wind direction. The major PM2.5 ions are NH4+、NO3- and SO42-, respectively. In these three parts of the study, at downstream sampling site, PM2.5 average concentration is 26.31 ± 13.64 μg/m3, 24.93 ± 10.83 μg/m3 and 15.13 ± 7.25 μg/m3, respectively. We also use a receptor model, Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF), to realize pollution sources of PM2.5. The apportionments of the pollution sources are evaluated with PMF. |
URI: | http://etd.lib.nctu.edu.tw/cdrfb3/record/nctu/#GT070351702 http://hdl.handle.net/11536/140648 |
Appears in Collections: | Thesis |