電腦應用軟體耗能之研究

Abstract

由於世界各國積極開發工業生產，對電力需求與日劇增；造成地球表面大氣層中的溫室氣體逐漸增加；為了避免暖化效應更加擴大，於是「京都議定書」便應運而生，鼓勵各國積極投入節能減碳計劃，除了節省能源的消耗外，替代能源的開發也是一大目標，所有策略均是為了達到二氧化碳排放量縮減的目的，以降低溫室效應對地球的影響。 電腦已是本世紀人們工作與生活上不可或缺的基本配備，人們大量仰賴電腦工作，加上不當的使用習慣，例如：電腦不隨手關機，其所消耗的電能成為一項重要的能源浪費；因為電腦的耗電量相對於其他家電較小，所以一般人不會計較電腦用電量的多寡。早期電腦產品大都是桌上型電腦，缺乏行動力；為了便利人們的使用，於是筆記型電腦便伺機而生；在強調節能減碳的今日，省電型行動電腦便應運而生，除了「輕、薄、短、小」外，其低耗電量也是目前設計的重心。 本論文旨在研究電腦在執行各項應用程式時所消耗的電能，藉以瞭解不同類型的應用程式與消耗電力的關係；同時也能瞭解不同類型的應用程式與排碳量的關係；再利用各機型電腦的相關硬體資訊找出一個可預估消耗功率的公式，期望透過本公式可預估各類型電腦在執行應用軟體時所需的平均消耗功率；目的在提供未來研發行動電腦之續航力的替代能源之耗能指標；針對不同需求提供行動電腦之電力能源開發之參考；以目前筆記型電腦的發展中，電池續航力已變成系統開發的一大訴求重點；同時也是消費者選購筆記型電腦時的一大指標。

The demand of electrical is ever increasing because all the countries over the world exploit industrial development aggresively, and it causes the greenhouse gases to increase gradually. To prevent warming effect from becoming worse, the “Kyoto protocol” was initiated at the historical moment. The purpose of this protocol is to encourage various countries to invest in energy conservation and in reducing the carbon emission. Besides saving the consumption of the energy, the development of the alternative energy source is a great tool, too. All sorts of tactics are to achieve purposes that reduce the emission of carbon dioxide in order to lower the impact of the greenhouse effect on the earth. Computers are the indispensable basic outfit in life for people to work with in this century. People are dependent on the computer to work in a large amount. Due to the habit of the improper use, such as not used to shut down the computer which is not in use, the electric energy consumed through this way has become an important waste of energy. Since the power consumption of the computer is relatively small comparing to other electrical home appliances, people usually will not care about the amount of the power consumption of the computer. Computer products are evolving from the earlier days to the notebook computers and nowdays pad computers and mobile PDAs. Due to the need of energy conservation and reduction of the carbon emission, the power-saving mobile computer is designed at the historical moment. In addition to the features of “light, thin, short, little”, its low power consumption is the main consideration for the design. The purpose of this thesis is targeted at the studies in the following main concerns: 1. the consumption of the electric energy caused by carrying out commonly used application program, 2. the relationship between the application programs and their consumption of the electric energy 3. the relationship between the application programs and the emission of the carbon dioxide 4. to find the formula to calculate the power consumption of the electric energy by using the hardware specification in the computer 5. to be an indicator of bettery endurance as a reference of designing the mobile computer in the future