橡膠墊輔助金屬板材微流道成形之有限元素分析

Abstract

由於目前燃料電池中重要元件雙極板，並無適合進行量產之加工方式，使其整體成本始終居高不下。本研究利用橡膠墊輔助成形此加工方法，進行金屬微流道結構之製作，並探討各製程參數對於成形性之影響。使用厚度為0.1mm之SUS304薄板，透過不同厚度與硬度之聚氨酯墊，進行金屬雙極板微流道之壓印。由實驗結果得知橡膠墊厚度與硬度對於成形量並無顯著影響。接續則利用有限元素模擬軟體Abaqus/Standard，建立2-D平面模型，對其分別進行以深寬比、填充率為目標函數之最佳化分析，觀察在容許範圍內，流道幾何參數與負載之變化趨勢，所得結果兩者皆優於初始值。接著以最佳化後之參數組合，對於進行敏感度分析，觀察各製程參數對於兩成形性判斷依據之影響。結果顯示，在小幅度改變下，負載提升、流道寬度增加、加大底圓角以及減少脫模角，皆有利於提升成形性，對於不同之成形性判斷依據，其影響顯著程度先後順序略有不同。

Bipolar plate is an important component of the fuel cell. Because there is no suitable fabrication process for mass-production of biopolar plate, the cost of portable fuel cell is still too high at present . In this study, the rubber pad forming process was used to fabricate the metallic bipolar plate and the process parameters of the rubber pad forming were analyzed. Polyurethane rubbers with different hardness were used for the rubber pads, and SS304 annealed stainless steel sheets with a thickness of 0.1 mm were tested in the experiment. According to the result of experiment, both the hardness and the thickness of pad are of no influential significance. Finite element analysis (FE, Abaqus / Standard software) was used to analyze the rubber pad forming process numerically. And optimization focused on aspect-ratio and filling percentage by changing the various dimension of flow channel and loading were conducted. Sensitivity analysis was also performed to investigate the effects of the process parameters.