虛擬模型的研究與改進

Abstract

在電腦介入設計後，改變了設計的呈現方式，在電腦中建立的“虛擬模型”讓設計者在設計的過程中，就能試驗各種材質的效果，且設計者亦可藉“虛擬模型”製作的動畫，讓業主走進“虛擬模型”中，體驗真實的空間感，但電腦在提供新的呈現方式時，也引發了一些問題。 首先，電腦引發了設計的溝通模式問題，利用虛擬模型所製作的電腦動畫，適合呈現真實氣氛，但所有觀看路經都由設計者預先設定，剝奪了觀者的主動性，故動畫雖可減少設計者與業主的感覺差距，卻也因而失去了從不同觀點檢討的可能性：其次，電腦也對設計活動中形體的思考方式產生影響，由於電腦中虛擬模型的建構方式和傳統實體模型有相當大的不同，故在電腦中可以精確地造出幾何形體，欲不易造出複雜的自由形體；相反地，實體模型可以用手工造出自由形體，卻很難要求精確性，造成設計師在使用電腦輔助設計時，形體的創造受到限制，傾向使用幾何形體設計，且避免自由形體。 基於以上問題，本創作將進行以下的探討： a.探討以電腦動畫作為設計呈現工具的可能性 b.探討以Quick-time VR來掌握虛擬模型“觀者主動性”的可能性 c.探討以3D-Digifizer結合虛擬模型與實體模型之優點的可能性 本創作的目的在於：將傳統模型與虛擬模型的限制釐清，同時用新的方法將二者的優點結合，將虛擬模型欠缺的自由形體與主動性，正確地在電腦中呈現出來；同時也希望能提供業界一套完整的模型作業模式，以節省設計時間，掌握品質，降低設計師與業主的認知差異，相信對從事實務的設計師會有相當貢獻。

Now, the computer has involved in the design works, it has already changed the way of representation. The "Virtual model", built in the computer, enable the designers to test the effect of different materials in the design work. Futhermore, the designers can use the virtual model to create an animation, which can bring the viewers into the virtual world to experience the space. As the computer provides the new way of representation, it also raises some qustions. In this paper, we want to clarify the restrictions of virtual models and physical models, and to combine both of the technoical benefits of each one. This paper also provides examples of representing the "free-form style design work" and the "viewer's subjectivity of choice", which were hard to do previously, in the computer. The technology used in this work were explained as follows: In the solution about the communication, we would use the Quick-time VR which can make viewers observe virtual model in every different view angle or position they want. The Quick-time VR would provides much more choices of watching than the animation can do. In the solution about the thinking of form, we would use the 3D-Digitizer which can scan the physical model, and rebuilding the model in the computer. We can combine the benefits of the virtual model and the physical model by this equipment. When we have to make the free-form style model in the computer, we can scan the physical model built by our hand. The 3D-Digitizer provides much more possibilities of such forms in the computer. In this research, we take the Shin-Chun East Historical Gate as an example. We use new technology in practical design work, trying to find out a better modeling process to reduce design time, to guarantee quality of space, and to reduce the gap between designers and viewers.