Title: 經營知識跨國移轉與吸收--美日在台咖啡連鎖店之個案研究
Cross-border Know-how Transfer and Absorption:A Case Study of Coffee Chain Stores
Authors: 陳瑋玲
Wei-Ling Chen
張保隆
Pao-LongChang
經營管理研究所
Keywords: 經營知識;跨國移轉;吸收能力;擴散;know-how;transnational transfer;absorption;diffusion
Issue Date: 1998
Abstract: 國際性企業在全球營運過程中,以經營知識成為其競爭優勢的來源。本研究的目的在針對跨國咖啡連鎖廠商至台設立營運據點過程中,其經營知識的特性與分類、經營知識由國外提供者移轉至國內接受者方式之選擇、以及連鎖總部在取得知識後,如何進行吸收調適並予以擴散等議題。本研究係一探索性研究,採取個案研究方式進行分析,以在台灣設立有二家以上直營店的國外咖啡連鎖業者為研究對象,期以建立跨國環境差異下,知識移轉與吸收機制之整合性觀念架構,提供後續研究之基礎及企業經營者管理上之建議。 本研究結果發現,在跨國環境下,不同經營知識類型因溝通需求程度不同,而定義「沿用型」移轉與「參與型」移轉,又根據企業經營決策主導地位不同,進而影響移轉中介如文件與人員之選擇。組織透過不同吸收介面學習新的經營知識並定義出「適應式」與「創新式」兩種吸收方式,而企業之管理者語言文化之差異,將影響組織採用不同的吸收方式。此外,在跨國環境下,組織會因應當地環境差異之需求而於吸收後對經營知識作部份調適,其中,文化因素的差異將影響作業性經營知識在本質上作調適;非文化因素將影響觀念性經營知識在程序上作調適。組織吸收、應用經營知識後將其擴散於組織內部,至此,本研究將擴散方式分為「市場型」與「漸進型」兩種,而人力培訓理念對吸收過程之擴散方式具有影響力,若人力培訓為追求短期效益,則企業可能傾向採行「市場型」擴散;若人力培訓為追求長期效益,則企業可能傾向採行「漸進型」擴散。
Cross-border know-how transfer is vital to the success of a company’s international business operation, especially for service industries where operational knowledge is a source of competitive advantages. This thesis attempts to explore the transfer and absorption processes in the context of cross-border operation of know-how. Research issues under the broad research inquiry include the classification of know-how ,the choice of proper transfer methods and the patterns of knowledge absorption and the diffusion process across units within the companies. This thesis adopts a multiple-case method and selects four transnational coffee companies as the scope of empirical investigation. After an intensive field work on four companies, we conclude two types of transfer methods (‘continual’ and ‘participative’), two types of absorption methods ( ‘adaptive’ and ‘creative’) and two types of diffusion methods (‘intensive’ and ‘gradual’). Furthermore, this study also identifies major factors affecting the absorption and diffusion methods. The study offers a comprehensive framework with detail accompanying propositions on cross- border transfer of know-how. By understanding the methods and determinants of knowledge flows, company managers can influence knowledge transfer more effectively.
URI: http://140.113.39.130/cdrfb3/record/nctu/#NT870457008
http://hdl.handle.net/11536/64577
Appears in Collections:Thesis