資訊系統開發技術知識的發展架構

Abstract

對軟體開發者而言，了解資訊系統開發技術知識累積與重用的意義，尤其是前一階段活動的知識累積與重用能有助於後一階段的活動，真是不知道有多重要！ 老實說，很少軟體開發者能真正了解軟體開發活動為什麼是依某種的先後順序，但我們卻錯誤的深信自己了解軟體開發活動先後順序的本質。對前一階段活動的知識累積與重用能有助於後一階段的活動軟體開發活動的正確解釋，即使只解釋了一部份，也是十分難得的，甚至對一些最平常的軟體開發活動的順序亦然。 本文所說明的研究內容，主要是為了解決傳統的系統開發生命週期模式與往復漸進式的軟體開發活動順序間的兩難。雖然這個活動非常的平常而普遍，但是解釋起來卻一點也不平常。 本研究以完形學派（Gestalt School）「整體大於部份相加的總和」的觀點，以資訊工業策進會承接經濟部的軟體再用技術研發計畫為案例，以系統開發活動作為資訊系統開發技術知識累積與重用的觀察對象，研究結果發現，傳統的系統開發生命週期模式與反復漸近模式當以層次式架構呈現時，其軟體再用是累進的；亦即傳統的系統開發生命週期模式是建構在反復漸近模式之上。同時還發現藉由軟體元件的再用與累積所形成的軟體元件再用架構，是資訊系統開發所需的穩定次級系統，而在穩定次級系統上開發資訊系統，軟體再用率可以提高及軟體再用的開始時間點可以提前。 在軟體元件再用架構的基礎上來開發資訊系統，業務處理流程(Business Process)，頁面流程(Page Flow)，業務元件流程(BO Flow)及畫面建構流程(Page Construction Flow)等四種流程可以銜接元件系統與應用系統間的缺口，迅速建構元件式資訊系統，是一套有效的資訊系統開發技術知識的發展架構。

It’s important to a software developer that understanding how to accumulate and reuse the information technology developing knowledge. In General, only few software developers can realize what kinds of sequence they use while doing software develop activity. And most of us consider that we know the essence of the sequence, in fact, we are wrong. The knowledge ‘s accumulating and reuse of previous activity is helpful to the next is true even in the common sequence of software developing activity. This research is trying to solve the difficulties between traditional system developing life cycle model and the incremental and iteration software developing activities. In the viewpoint of Gestalt School—the whole is greater than the sum of its parts, and taking the case of Information Industry Institute’s software reuse technology research plan , we took the system developing activity as the observed target of IT knowledge’s accumulation and reuse. In the result we find that when the traditional system developing life cycle model and the back-and –forth and gradual model were showed up in a layer structure type, the reusing of software was progressive. It means that traditional system developing life cycle model is build upon the back-and-forth and gradual model. We can use the software component reuse structure formed by the software components’ reuse and accumulating as the secondary stable system for the need of information developing system. To develop information system upon a secondary stable system can raise the software reuse rate and advance the time of starting to reuse software. To develop information system in a base of software components reuse structure can engage four processes—Business Process, Page Flow, BO Flow, and Page construction Flow with both component system and application system. It can build a component based information system fast and is an effective developing structure of information system developing technology knowledge. Key Words： Information System Development；Component System；Application System；Reusable Architecture