航機耗油分析與節油策略

Abstract

航空經營環境的瞬息萬變，燃油成本的變動和地球生存環境的不斷惡化，使得全球均致力於「節能減碳」議題。燃油成本為航空運輸業者最大宗的營運成本支出，較為老舊機型的燃油成本甚至可達營運成本40%以上，透過減少燃油使用，除了能改善航機排放二氧化碳對環境的衝擊之外，事實上也一併提昇了航空運輸業者的獲利能力。 本研究係以A-320 Family構型航機為對象，分析預期與實際油耗之差異，並透過真實飛航階段數據資料進行多元迴歸分析，建立航機耗油模式推估各飛航階段相關耗油因子之影響。研究結果顯示操作飛航計畫之準確度為影響航機燃油經濟性之一大因素，而實際飛航中滑行、爬升、巡航、下降、進場階段之油耗變數均有其差異，綜整各飛航階段迴歸模式得可控之操作變數為速度調節與航機主體減重最能達到節油之成效。

According to the huge variation in the environment of aviation operations, all global industries are devoted into Energy Conservation and Carbon Reduction. The fuel cost becomes the biggest expense in operations and it could be more than 40% in old aircraft configuration. Decreasing the fuel consumption not only reduce the impact of aircraft emission, but improve the revenue of airlines as well. This study is considered and planed according to aim for A320 Family aircraft configuration. To analyzes the differences between flight planning and fuel consumption and organizes the true flight phase data into statistical database. The fuel consumption model will be founded on the multiple-regression analysis for identify the effect factors. The results indicated that flight planning accuracy will cause the influence of fuel economy. To conclude the models of Taxi, Climb, Cruise, Descent, Approach phases that speed adjustment and aircraft body weights reduced are the most effect factors in fuel saving.