居室夾層簡易二層法之研究

Abstract

本論文之研究動機係以發展一套適用於小居室(面積 200m2 .高度 8m)煙層高度計算之簡易二層法，因採用「建築物防火避難安全性能驗證技術手冊」進行居室避難安全性能驗證時，其煙層高度下降過快，不堪合理性，故擬針對小居室採用簡易二層驗證技術以取代技術手冊之驗證方式，本簡易二層法之模擬結果與日本BRI2002相近並加入自然排煙或機械排煙設備準確預估火場人員之避難安全性，本程式相關數值模型係依技術手冊規定，並與FDS及實驗互相比對確認本程式之可靠度。本論文亦在既有簡易二層法架構下，增列熱輻射模型將其改良使本程式更符實際狀況。令目前許多小居室空間有夾層之設計，本論文亦增列夾層於現有之簡易二層法中，使其功能亦可擴充至小居室有夾層下之煙沉降間之評估。

The motivation to develop two-zone fire model is the smoke descending rate in small space (area 200m2 and height 8m) with combustible is so quickly by the common-used method based on “The Building Fire Protection and Evacuation Safety Performance Verification Technique Manual” that is somewhat unrealistic. Therefore, a two-layer zone model similar to the one of BRI2002 is developed for the room equipped with the mechanical or natural de-smoke apparatus. Then, the model is verified by comparing with FDS and the one provided by the technical manual mentioned via numerical simulations. In addition, several experimental measurements are used to further confirm the accuracy of the developed two-zone model. These numerical and experimental comparisons indeed demonstrate the credibility and reliability of the model. Then, this study further includes the radiation model into such model to make it more completely. After that, a smoke movement model for space with mezzanine is enhanced into this two-zone model to meet the safety evaluation requirement for the more and more such building design cases.