為提供先進旅行者資訊下之偵測器最佳佈設位置研究

Abstract

為提供用路人精確資訊以提供旅行決策參考，先進用路人資訊系統(Advanced Traveler Information Systems, ATIS)需要許多種類之資料來彙整而成為資訊。其中，「車流量」為重要項目之一。路段車流量之資料需要透過偵測器來收集，但要在所有的路段都設立偵測器會花費過多成本。 為減少偵測器佈設，本研究以省道等一般道路為研究對象，利用流量守恆、路口轉向比之關係來得到偵測器之路口佈設模組，並對位置作些微調整後，得到路網中之偵測器之佈設位置。接著從流量推算模式各式之關係，來推算得到移除偵測器之原則。透過這些原則配合，在預算限制之下移除偵測器後，同時利用流量估算模式來推算與原路網流量之比率，藉以評估推算效率。 本研究以新竹市路網為測試對象，透過模擬之方式得到測試路網資料。測試的結果顯示，本研究所提出之方法，對於有限偵測器數量下推估車流量有一定之效率與正確性。

In recent years as Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) develop further, the demand for traffic information increases as well. Among the subsystems of ITS, Advanced Transportation Information System (ATIS) demands “Traffic Flow” much, for it can be applied in many ways for a better supporting of decision making. Vehicle detectors (VD) in the intersections are responsible for collecting the data of “Traffic Flow”, and thus, the easiest way to obtain that is to install numerous VDs in every intersection - but this may cost too much to be possible in practical. Therefore, with limited budget, we have to choose proper deployment locations of VDs to utilize them more efficiently. This research proposes a method to optimize the deployment locations of VDs through flow reservation equations and fixed turning rates. After that, deployed VDs are removed gradually in several removal methods to meet the limitation of budget. Meanwhile, a traffic flow-estimating algorithm is used for testing the efficiency of each VD removal method. The testing results show that the proposed method helps improve the accuracy and efficiency under limited number of VDs.