廠商投標價決定模式-由分項工程角度切入

Abstract

獲得工程標案以承攬工程是營造廠維持公司營運的主要依據，在決定領標參與投標時，營造廠需要對該工程進行估價。但在時間的限制之下，廠商有時並無法對於眾多且繁複的各工項、材料詳細估算，只能憑藉著估算人員對以往規模類似之工程資料來對工程成本影響較為關鍵的部分進行估算以作為專案投標決策之依據。本研究嘗試以投標決策過程類似的流程，以分項工程角度探討不同分項工程成本的重要影響因子，並由該影響因子建立一套投標評估流程與計算建議投標價格之方法。分項工程為一般業界為把握各建築部位的造價以便於工程費的統計及設計者的預算檢討，因此對於估價者邏輯較易接受。藉由提出與實際估價者估算時所考慮的過程，幫助估價者系統化其成本評估時的思考流程以提高決策品質。研究以4個住宅案例做為模式驗證，由當初投標時的情境透過模式流程以提出建議投標價。其中3個案例與所收集的36個住宅案例為同一家廠商，另外1案例為其他廠商所承攬，藉以比較模式是否受到廠商特性不同的影響。

In competitive bidding, the determination of bid price is critical for a contractor to win a project contract. But in the limit of time, contractors sometimes can’t estimate complex and plenty items correctly. They just only through their experience or similar contraction informant to estimate the key part of construction cost. The research tries to use the angle of category to simulate bidding decision process. The research collects various category criteria of building and uses the utility model and AHP method to estimate the proposal bidding price. The research uses four building projects to test model. And suggest the bidding price via the model procedure. Three of these are the same company with the other 36 building projects the research collection. And the other building project contracted by the other company to compare the characters of it or not.