射頻辨識系統標籤前端電路之研究

Abstract

本篇論文旨在利用TSMC 1P6M 0.18um製程實現915MHz RFID標籤前端電路。在標籤前端電路中成功整合了整流電路、限流電路、穩壓電路、啟動重置電路、解調變電路、環形振盪電路以及調變電路，提供了高效能整合性的RFID標籤前端電路。 本論文對於能量轉換與消耗方面特別專注。由於對RFID系統而言，RF與DC功率間的轉換與功率消耗是極為重要的，在充電泵電路中透過半導體元件電晶體選擇以及電路設計情況下在重載情況下仍可提供11%高效率能量轉換，而在功率消耗方面可提供而在不包括自振盪源情況下，所耗功率約為0.27mW，基於低功耗與高能量轉換效率下，，在與天線阻抗匹配情況下，以ATMEL ATA5590數位電路最低工作電壓在1.3V情況下，實測標籤前端電路感應距離可到達4公尺以上。晶片也提供解調訊號、振盪源、調變電路以及電源重置電路功能。另外標籤前端電路亦可工作在2.4GHz以及5.8GHz。

The purpose of this paper is to implement a 915MHz front end circuit of passive tag in RFID applications. The circuit consists of rectifier, limiter, voltage reference, power on reset circuit for logic, demodulator, Ring Oscillator, and modulator. The chip is fabricated by TSMC 1P6M 0.18um process. For passive tag, power conversion efficiency and power consumptions are especially focused. By using native NMOS in Semiconductor Device and optimized structure, the charge pump circuit can present about 11% power conversion efficiency under heavy load situation. The power consumptions reduced to 0.27mW without ring oscillator takes into account. The measured distance achieves 4 meter(definitions of ATMEL ATA5590)under matching condition between antennas and the IC chip. Additionally, the proposed circuit also functionally works well at 2.4GHz and 5.8GHz.