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dc.contributor.authorNurhayati, Ervinen_US
dc.contributor.authorJuang, Yajuen_US
dc.contributor.authorRajkumar, Muniyandien_US
dc.contributor.authorHuang, Chihpinen_US
dc.contributor.authorHu, Chi-Changen_US
dc.date.accessioned2016-03-28T00:04:18Z-
dc.date.available2016-03-28T00:04:18Z-
dc.date.issued2015-12-17en_US
dc.identifier.issn1383-5866en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2015.07.022en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11536/129532-
dc.description.abstractBoron-doped diamond films electrode has been effectively applied in electroanalysis to detect numerous kinds of electroactive chemicals including heavy metals. The success of this application not only depends on the original quality of the films, but more than that, surface treatment or activation and analytical method applied play important role. Fabricated boron-doped nanocrystalline diamond (BD-NCD) in this work were electrochemically pretreated prior to the measurement of heavy metal ions in the solution. The surface properties of the films were evaluated with FE-SEM, AFM, Raman spectroscopy and XPS. The technique chosen for heavy metal measurement was linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) after comparing with differential pulse and square wave voltammetry. In this study, dynamic polarization applied on the BD-NCD electrode was proven to enhance its surface properties. The result of XPS analysis shows that polarized electrode exhibits diminution of Csp(2) and possess minimum adventitious carbon content on its surface. This leads to an increase of electrode kinetic and promotes its capability for Pb, Cu and Hg ions measurements in the aqueous solution using LSV technique without pre-concentration step. The linearity of current response with increasing heavy metals concentration in an acetate buffer is ranging from 1 to 22.5 mu M for Pb and Cu ions and 1 to 10 mu M for Hg ion. The detection limit and sensitivity are 1.339, 0.102 and 0.666 mu M, and 0.014, 0.104 and 0.057 mu A mu M-1 mm(2) for Pb, Cu and Hg, respectively. The BD-NCD electrode also exhibits capability in simultaneous multi-metals determination although the presence of Cu ion was found to be a disturbance in the system as well. On the other hand, the high content of organics in the real water sample such as lake water also demonstrated to hinder heavy metals measurement. Thus, this study confirms that the BD-NCD after undergoing dynamic polarization are capable of direct determination of Pb, Cu and Hg ions both individually and simultaneously either in the acetate buffer solution or natural water system, within mu M level. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.en_US
dc.language.isoen_USen_US
dc.subjectBoron-doped NCDen_US
dc.subjectDynamic polarizationen_US
dc.subjectLinear sweep voltammetry (LSV)en_US
dc.subjectHeavy metalsen_US
dc.subjectSimultaneous detectionen_US
dc.titleEffects of dynamic polarization on boron-doped NCD properties and on its performance for electrochemical-analysis of Pb (II), Cu (II) and Hg (II) in aqueous solution via direct LSVen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.seppur.2015.07.022en_US
dc.identifier.journalSEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGYen_US
dc.citation.volume156en_US
dc.citation.spage1047en_US
dc.citation.epage1056en_US
dc.contributor.department環境工程研究所zh_TW
dc.contributor.departmentInstitute of Environmental Engineeringen_US
dc.identifier.wosnumberWOS:000366538000019en_US
dc.citation.woscount0en_US
Appears in Collections:Articles