The Study of Steganographic Algorithms Based on Pixel Value Difference

Abstract

Wu and Tsai proposed PVD (pixel-value differencing) data hiding method in 2003. PVD partitions a cover image into non-overlapping blocks of two consecutive pixels and calculated the difference value from the two pixels in each block. This method provides an easy way to produce a more imperceptible result. Afterwards, some scholars have proposed PVD-related improvements in image quality and embedding capacity. This paper classifies and discusses the recent PVD-based methods. We will compare each PVD related method in terms of the embedding capacity and PSNR.