高效率高分子太陽電池：分子設計合成、奈米結構控制及元件工程( I )

Abstract

本計畫最終目標是要達到8%能量轉換效率之高分子太陽能電池。為達成此極具挑戰 性的目標絕非單一領域的專長可完成而需跨領域的密切整合。本計畫將規劃以三大核心 主題進行各自專長之平行研究，並且明確建立三方互通橋樑進行跨領域結合來共同挑戰 並實現此計劃之目標。 子計畫一由鄭彥如教授所主持，將著重於設計與合成一系列具 有多環熔合梯形結構之P型共軛高分子。 此類新穎材料預期將有好的溶解度，強的光收 集能力，以及高的電洞傳輸率。 同時利用分子能隙工程的方法來精確調控材料分子的 能階。 子計畫二由許千樹教授所主持，將致力於主動層型態的控制與最佳化，以期形 成有方向性及規則排列的P型與N型奈米通道，使載子的傳輸效率提高，避免電子電洞之 再結合。 計畫將提出許多具有創新之方法，如利用聚噻吩和聚乳酸團聯共聚高分子 (P3HT-PLLA)在固態薄膜中可形成奈米結構之相分離，或利用具有多孔性奈米材料做為 模板以填入可化學交聯之P型或N型材料。 子計畫三由陳方中教授所主持將專注於元件 及介面工程之研究，包括引入光學/電極緩衝層以及添加金奈米粒子來誘導表面電漿共 振以增加光吸收與元件穩定度。最後將製作具兩種吸收互補之共軛高分子之多層串疊型 電池，預期將能大為提升能量轉換效率。

The ultimate objective of this research proposal is to accomplish an organic polymer solar cell with the power conversion efficiency exceeding 8%. To achieve this highly challenging goal requires the close collaboration of an interdisciplinary team consisting of three cores research directions. The three thrusts will not only conduct parallel research in each independent expertise but also build up a triangle relationship to integrate one another for realizing the goal. The subproject 1, led by Prof. Yen-Ju Cheng, will focus on the design and synthesis of a series of novel p-type conjugated polymers having multi-fused ladder-type structures. These materials are expected to show sufficient solubility, strong light-harvesting abilities and high hole-mobilities. The HOMO and LUMO energy levels of the polymers will be carefully tailored by the band-gap engineering strategies. The subproject 2, led by Prof. Chain-Shu Hsu, will strive to control and optimize the morphology of active layers. Well ordered n-type and p-type nanostructure channels will be formed to avoid the charge recombination and improve the charge transport. Several creative methods will be demonstrated such as nanophase separation of the block copolymer P3HT-b-PLLA in the solid state and crosslinkable materials in the porous nano-template. The subproject 3, led by Prof. Fang-Chung Chen, will specialize in various device engineering including interfacial modifications with an optical/electrode spacer and surface plasmon enhancement by gold nano-particles to improve the light absorption and device stability. Fabrication of tandem cells utilizing two conjugated polymers with the complementary absorption to greatly improve the device performances will be attempted.