Browsing by Author "Bashir, Mohammed J. K."

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Solar radiation based benefit and cost evaluation for solar water heater expansion in Malaysia
(2015-08-01)
Jing, Ong Li
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Bashir, Mohammed J. K.
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Kao, Jehng-Jung
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環境工程研究所
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Institute of Environmental Engineering
Malaysia is highly depending on fossil fuel to produce electricity. Undesirably, the excessive usage of fossil fuels releases harmful gases which can cause serious environmental problems. A potential solution to curb the fossil fuel consumption and environmental problems is the utilization of renewable energy such as solar energy. Malaysia has abundant solar energy resources throughout the year due to its location near to equator, promises the highest beneficial in using solar energy for technology development such as solar water heater (SWH). However, people in Malaysia are not aware of SWH\'s benefits due to high initial installation cost of SWH. Thus, this study presents financial evaluation of SWH in Malaysia which takes into account cost benefit and payback period of using SWH. The benefits are reanalysed bases on annual effective solar radiation. The result reveals that the utilization of a SWH can save up to RM 704 of energy cost per year. The payback periods of a SWH in Malaysia vary from 7.4 to 10.7 years, depending on the initial installation cost of SWH. Promoting the use of SWH by all EWH\'s owners in Malaysia can save 2 billion kWh of electricity and notably prevent emissions of 1,560,370 t CO2, 11,830 t SO2, and 4930 t NOx, per year. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
The short- and long-term inhibitory effects of Fe(II) on anaerobic ammonium oxidizing (anammox) process
(2019-05-15)
Mak, Cherh Yih
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Lin, Jih Gaw
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Chen, Wen Hsing
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Ng, Choon Aun
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Bashir, Mohammed J. K.
The application of the anammox process has great potential in treating nitrogen-rich wastewater. The presence of Fe (II) is expected to affect the growth and activity of anammox bacteria. Short-term (acute) and long-term effects (chronic) of Fe (II) on anammox activity were investigated. In the short-term study, results demonstrated that the optimum concentration of Fe (II) that could be added to anammox is 0.08 mM, at which specific anammox activity (SAA) improved by 60% compared to the control assay, 0.00 mM. The inhibition concentration, IC50, of Fe (II) was found to be 0.192 mM. Kinetics of anammox specific growth rate were estimated based on results of the batch test and evaluated with Han-Levenspiel's substrate inhibition kinetics model. The optimum concentration and IC50 of Fe (II) predicted by the Han-Levenspiel model was similar to the batch test, with values of 0.07 mM and 0.20 mM, respectively. The long-term effect of Fe (II) on the performance of a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) was evaluated. Results showed that an appropriate Fe (II) addition enhanced anammox activity, achieving 85% NH4+-N and 96% NO2--N removal efficiency when 0.08 mM of Fe (II) was added. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was adopted to detect and identify the anammox bacteria.