Browsing by Author "Chan, Yi-Chen"

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Dissecting the Structure-Activity Relationship of Galectin-Ligand Interactions
(2018-02-01)
Chan, Yi-Chen
;
Lin, Hsien-Ya
;
Tu, Zhijay
;
Kuo, Yen-Hsi
;
Hsu, Shang-Te Danny
Galectins are -galactoside-binding proteins. As carbohydrate-binding proteins, they participate in intracellular trafficking, cell adhesion, and cell-cell signaling. Accumulating evidence indicates that they play a pivotal role in numerous physiological and pathological activities, such as the regulation on cancer progression, inflammation, immune response, and bacterial and viral infections. Galectins have drawn much attention as targets for therapeutic interventions. Several molecules have been developed as galectin inhibitors. In particular, TD139, a thiodigalactoside derivative, is currently examined in clinical trials for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Herein, we provide an in-depth review on the development of galectin inhibitors, aiming at the dissection of the structure-activity relationship to demonstrate how inhibitors interact with galectin(s). We especially integrate the structural information established by X-ray crystallography with several biophysical methods to offer, not only in-depth understanding at the molecular level, but also insights to tackle the existing challenges.
Fast Controller Failover for Multi-domain Software-Defined Networks
(2015)
Chan, Yi-Chen
;
Wang, Kuochen
;
Hsu, Yi-Huai
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資訊工程學系
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Department of Computer Science
We propose a Fast Controller Failover for Multidomain Software-Defined Networks (SDNs) (FCF-M) to handle SDN controller failures. The proposed FCF-M is composed of controller failure detection and switch reassignment. In the controller failure detection, each controller checks the timestamp of its preceding controller. If a controller is failed, its succeeding controller will check its preceding controller. Because a failed controller does not prevent its preceding controller from healthy check, the proposed FCF-M can prevent a single point of failure (SPOF) for healthy check. We also make use of an adaptive timeout delay to reduce failure detection time. In the switch reassignment, when a controller is failed, we need to reassign the switches under the failed controller to an alternative controller. We consider controller load and distance between a switch and a controller to choose an alternative controller for reducing delay. The proposed FCF-M can achieve intra-domain controller failover and inter-domain controller failover. Using EstiNet, simulation results show that the proposed FCF-M outperforms the Devolved controller (DC) in terms of average end-to-end delay and failover time.