Browsing by Author "Chen, Yi-Huei"

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Antidepressants and risk of cataract development: A population-based, nested case-control study
(2017-06-01)
Chou, Po-Han
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Chu, Che-Sheng
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Chen, Yi-Huei
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Hsu, Min-Yen
;
Huang, Min-Wei
Background: Previous studies demonstrated increased risk of cataract development among users of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). However, it remains unknown whether this risk also prevails with the use of other types of antidepressants. The aim of this study was to investigate whether use of antidepressants is associated with an increased risk of cataract development. Moreover, the relationship between binding affinities of serotonin transporter (SERT) of antidepressant and the risk of cataracts is examined. Methods: We conducted a nested case-control study using National Health Insurance Research Database in Taiwan. A total of 14,288 patients were included; 7651 in the cataract group and 6637 in the control group. Antidepressant exposure was categorized by type, duration of use, and binding affinities of SERT. The association between antidepressant exposure and cataract development was assessed using conditional logistic regression analysis. Results: The adjusted odds ratios (AORs) for developing cataracts among continuous users of SSRIs, serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), and other antidepressants were 1.26 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.12-1.41, p < 0.001), 1.21 (95% CI: 1.02-1.43, p=0.027), and 1.18 (95% CI: 1.04-1.34, p=0.009) respectively. Specifically, continuous uses of fluoxetine (AOR: 1.21; 95% CI: 1.01-1.46, p=0.042), fluvoxamine (AOR: 1.47; 95% CI: 1.01-2.12, p=0.043), venlafaxine (AOR: 1.44; 95% CI: 1.19-1.74, p < 0.001) significantly increased the risk of cataract development. Moreover, continuous users of antidepressants with intermediate SERT binding affinities (AOR: 1.68; 95% CI: 1.10-2.56, p=0.017) were significantly associated with increased risks of cataract development. Limitations: Several confounding factors such as obesity, multiple drug users, family history of cataracts, substance use, and environmental factors (such as sunlight or radiation exposure) were acquired. Conclusions: We found increased risk of cataract development in patients continuously using antidepressants. Regular ocular evaluations in these patients are warranted.
Association between antipsychotic drug use and cataracts in patients with bipolar disorder: A population-based, nested case-control study
(2017-02)
Chu, Che-Sheng
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Chou, Po-Han
;
Chen, Yi-Huei
;
Huang, Min-Wei
;
Hsu, Min-Yen
Background: No previous study has focused on the association between use of antipsychotic drugs and the development of cataracts in patients with bipolar disorder (BD); hence, we aimed to examine this association in the present study. Methods: We conducted a retrospective nested case-control study using data from the National Health Insurance Database of Taiwan between 2000 and 2011. A. total of 3292 BD patients, 1684 with cataracts and 1608 controls matched for age, sex, and index date, were included. Antipsychotic drug exposure was categorized by type of drug and duration of use. A conditional logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the association. Results: Among BD patients, we found significantly reduced odds ratio (OR) of cataract development among past (adjusted OR (AOR), 0.74; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.62-0.89; p=0.001) and continuous users (AOR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.59-0.85; p < 0.001) of atypical antipsychotics. No association was found between the odds of cataract development and typical antipsychotics. Besides, concomitant use of antidepressants (AOR, 1.23; 95% CI, 1.06-1.43; p=0.007) and mood stabilizers (AOR, 1.23; 95% CI, 1.06-1.42; p=0.007) were associated with increased odds of cataract development. Limitations: Some important contributors to cataract development such as family history of cataract, smoking and alcohol exposure could not be measured from the claims data and this may confound the results. Conclusions: Reduced odds of cataract were found in patients with BD taking atypical antipsychotics. However, given that BD patients often have risk factors for developing cataract, regular ocular evaluations are recommended for those treated with antipsychotics drugs.
Sound Synthesis of the Pipa Based on Computed Timbre Analysis and Physical Modeling
(2011-10-01)
Chen, Yi-Huei
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Huang, Chih-Fang
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音樂研究所
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Institute of Music
This paper proposes sounds analysis and a synthesis model for the Chinese plucked string instrument called the pipa, one of the oldest Chinese musical instruments with over 2000 years of history. The pipa comprises four strings with 30 frets and individual pear-shaped body so that it can offer a wide chromatic scale around 3.5 octaves and many kinds of tones. The acoustical properties of this instrument are analyzed according to the recorded tones. The most vital playing techniques are synthesized by using both physical and spectral based models with auxiliary rules. Applying the digital waveguide concept, the pipa model was constructed with digital filters and input excitations. Synthetic results are very similar to the recorded one according to the waveforms and spectra comparison and the statistics of listening tests.