Browsing by Author "Chiu, Yi-Wen"

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Microbiology of peritoneal dialysis-related infection and factors of refractory peritoneal dialysis related peritonitis: A ten-year single-center study in Taiwan
(2019-10-01)
Wang, Hsin-Hui
;
Huang, Chung-Hao
;
Kuo, Mei-Chuan
;
Lin, Shang-Yi
;
Hsu, Chin-Huei
Background: Peritoneal dialysis (PD)-related infection is a serious complication of patients with PD. Refractory peritonitis may lead to failure of PD, shift to hemodialysis (HD) or death. Besides, microbiologic resistance increased worldwide that might impact the treatment choice for such infections. Investigating the causative pathogens and risk factors of PD-related infections in Taiwan was warranted. Methods: This is a retrospective study involving patients with PD from 2007 to 2016 in a southern Taiwan hospital. Patient characteristics, microbiological data, outcomes, and factors associated with refractory peritonitis were analyzed. Results: There were 190 episodes of PD-related peritonitis in 110 patients from this cohort. Gram-positive organisms were the leading cause of PD-related peritonitis, but gram-negative organisms, esp. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, were predominant for exit site infection and tunnel infection. The incidence of peritonitis was 0.25 episode per patient-year (1 episode per 47.69 months). The refractory rate was 14.2% (27/190). Methicillin resistance was noted in 2 (13.3%) of 15 Staphylococcus aureus isolates. Of 114 isolates, 72.8% (83) were susceptible to either cefazolin or gentamicin. Staphylococcus spp. and Escherichia coli infections were significantly associated with refractory peritonitis. Baseline hyponatremia (<130 mmol/L) was independently associated with refractory peritonitis. Conclusion: Gram-positive organisms remained major cause of PD-related peritonitis. About three quarters of causative pathogens were susceptible to the recommended empirical treatment for PD-related peritonitis. Baseline hyponatremia (<130 mmol/L) was independently associated with refractory peritonitis. Staphylococcus spp. and E. coli infections had important roles for refractory peritonitis. Copyright (C) 2019, Taiwan Society of Microbiology. Published by Elsevier Taiwan LLC.
Three months of rifapentine and isoniazid for latent tuberculosis infection in hemodialysis patients: High rates of adverse events
(2019-02-01)
Lin, Shang-Yi
;
Chiu, Yi-Wen
;
Lu, Po-Liang
;
Hwang, Shang-Jyh
;
Chen, Tun-Chieh
The consequences of once-weekly rifapentine plus isoniazid for 3 months (3HP) against latent tuberculosis infections in hemodialysis patients have not been studied before. This is the first study to evaluate the safety and tolerability of 3HP in this population and revealed a completion rate of 65.4%. The therapy was not associated with hepatotoxicity, but with high rates of adverse events (69.2%). Copyright (C) 2018, Taiwan Society of Microbiology. Published by Elsevier Taiwan LLC.