Browsing by Author "Hsieh, Min-Han"

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Epidemiology and antifungal susceptibility of candidemia isolates of non-albicans Candida species from cancer patients
(2017-10-11)
Wu, Ping-Feng
;
Liu, Wei-Lun
;
Hsieh, Min-Han
;
Hii, Ing-Moi
;
Lee, Yu-Lin
Candidemia is a growing concern worldwide, and its species distribution has shifted toward non-albicans Candida in recent decades, especially in patients with malignancy. This study aimed to update the epidemiology and antifungal susceptibility of non-albicans candidemia isolates from the cancer patients. Adult cancer patients with non-albicans candidemia were recruited, and clinical data were retrospectively collected from five medical centers in Taiwan from 1 July 2011 to 30 June 2014. In vitro susceptibility was determined by the broth dilution method using a Sensititre YeastOne system and interpreted according to the guidelines of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. A total of 346 episodes of non-albicans candidemia were identified in cancer patients. Candida tropicalis was the most common species (n=145, 41.9%) and had the highest resistance rate to fluconazole (n=17, 13.9%) among all the preserved isolates, including C. tropicalis, Candida glabrata and Candida parapsilosis. A higher Charlson comorbidity index, non-albicans candidemia due to C. tropicalis, neutropenia and septic shock were independent predictors of 28-day mortality. In conclusion, the species distribution and antifungal susceptibility of non-albicans candidemia isolates in our study differed from those in Western countries, providing useful information about local epidemiology for the selection of empirical antifungal agents for cancer patients.
Resistance rates of non-albicans Candida infections in Taiwan after the revision of 2012 Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute breakpoints
(2019-01-01)
Hii, Ing-Moi
;
Liu, Chun-Eng
;
Lee, Yu-Lin
;
Liu, Wei-Lun
;
Wu, Ping-Feng
Purpose: In 2012, the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) revised its breakpoints for drugs and species because of the increase in non-albicans Candida infections and their drug resistance. Following global trends, the non-albicans candidemia resistance rate has increased in Taiwan as well. To update the antifungal susceptibility of non-albicans candidemia isolates, we conducted a multicenter study using the revised break points. Patients and methods: Patients with non-albicans candidemia infections were identified at five tertiary hospitals in Taiwan from July 1, 2011, to June 30, 2014. The broth microdilution method using a Sensititre YeastOne system was performed for the determination of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). The susceptibility was interpreted based on the guidelines of the CLSI (CLSI M27-S4 and M27-S3). Results: Candida tropicalis was the predominant non-albicans candidemia pathogen (42.4%), and it showed increased fluconazole non-susceptibility (36.3%) when compared to the results from previous studies. In particular, C. tropicalis showed high cross-resistance to azole agents. C. tropicalis isolates that were found to be resistant to fluconazole also showed increased resistance to voriconazole (82.2%) and posaconazole (100%). The increased non-susceptibility of Candida glabrata to multiple antifungal agents, based on the revised break points, resulted from an increase in dose-dependent susceptibility (94.4%) rather than from an increase in resistance (5.6%). Conclusion: The resistance rate of non-albicans candidemia isolates is increasing, particularly for C. tropicalis and C. glabrata.
Three months of rifapentine and isoniazid for latent tuberculosis infection in hemodialysis patients: High rates of adverse events
(2019-02-01)
Lin, Shang-Yi
;
Chiu, Yi-Wen
;
Lu, Po-Liang
;
Hwang, Shang-Jyh
;
Chen, Tun-Chieh
The consequences of once-weekly rifapentine plus isoniazid for 3 months (3HP) against latent tuberculosis infections in hemodialysis patients have not been studied before. This is the first study to evaluate the safety and tolerability of 3HP in this population and revealed a completion rate of 65.4%. The therapy was not associated with hepatotoxicity, but with high rates of adverse events (69.2%). Copyright (C) 2018, Taiwan Society of Microbiology. Published by Elsevier Taiwan LLC.