Browsing by Author "Hsu, Yung-Ho"

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Is schizophrenia associated with an increased risk of chronic kidney disease? A nationwide matched-cohort study
(2015-01-01)
Tzeng, Nian-Sheng
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Hsu, Yung-Ho
;
Ho, Shinn-Ying
;
Kuo, Yu-Ching
;
Lee, Hua-Chin
Objective: The impact of schizophrenia on vital diseases, such as chronic kidney disease (CKD), has not as yet been verified. This study aims to establish whether there is an association between schizophrenia and CKD. Design: A nationwide matched cohort study. Setting: Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database. Participants: A total of 2338 patients with schizophrenia, and 7014 controls without schizophrenia (1: 3), matched cohort for sex, age group, geography, urbanisation and monthly income, between 1 January 2003 and 31 December 2007, based on the International Classifications of Disease Ninth Edition (ICD-9), Clinical Modification codes. Primary and secondary outcome measures: After making adjustments for confounding risk factors, a Cox proportional hazards model was used to compare the risk of developing CKD during a 3-year follow-up period from the index date. Results: Of the 2338-subject case cohort, 163 (6.97%) developed a CKD, as did 365 (5.20%) of the 7014 control participants. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis revealed that patients with schizophrenia were more likely to develop CKD (HR = 1.36, 95% CI 1.13 to 1.63; p < 0.001). After adjusting for gender, age group, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidaemia, heart disease and nonsteroid anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) usage, the HR for patients with schizophrenia was 1.25 (95% CI 1.04 to 1.50; p < 0.05). Neither typical nor atypical antipsychotics was associated an increased risk of CKD in patients with schizophrenia. Conclusions: The findings from this population-based retrospective cohort study suggest that schizophrenia is associated with a 25% increase in the risk of developing CKD within only a 3-year follow-up period.
Protective effects of Zhibai Dihuang Wan on rat renal tubular cells against gentamicin-induced apoptosis (vol 151, pg 635, 2014)
(2016-07-01)
Hsu, Yung-Ho
;
Chen, Tso-Hsiao
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Wu, Mei-Yi
;
Lin, Yuh-Feng
;
Chen, Wen-Liang
Protective effects of Zhibai Dihuang Wan on renal tubular cells affected with gentamicin-induced apoptosis
(2014-01-10)
Hsu, Yung-Ho
;
Chen, Tso-Hsiao
;
Wu, Mei-Yi
;
Lin, Yuh-Feng
;
Chen, Wen-Liang
Ethnopharmacological relevance: Zhibai Dihuang Wan (ZDW) is an ancient traditional Chinese medicine composed of eight herbal ingredients and has been used to treat chronic kidney inflammation and diabetes for thousands of years. Nonetheless, the influence of ZDW on acute kidney injury is still unknown. We intended to identify the influence of ZDW on cell growth and gentamicin-induced apoptotic injury in renal tubular cells. Materials and methods: We extracted ZDW with artificial intestinal fluid and treated rat renal tubular cells (NRK-52E) with various concentrations of the ZDW extraction. Cell proliferation and gentamicin-induced apoptosis of NRK-52E cells were evaluated using real-time proliferation monitoring and annexin V staining, respectively. Western blotting was used to evaluate the levels of Bcl-2 and caspase-3 expression. The effect of ZDW on gentamicin-induced kidney injury was also monitored in mice using the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated biotinylated UTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay, and the measurement of serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen. Results: We found that 30 mu g/ml of ZDW promoted cell proliferation of the rat renal tubular cells. ZDW also expressed a dose-dependent protective effect against gentamicin-induced apoptosis in the cells. Pretreatment with 3 mu g/ml or 30 mu g/ml of ZDW maximally increased Bcl-2 and decreased cleaved caspase-3 in the gentamicin-treated NRK-52E cells. Among the herbal ingredients of ZDW, only Phellodendron amurense Rupr., bark (Cortex Phellodendri), and Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bunge, rhizome inhibited both the gentamicin-induced Bcl-2 decrease and cleaved caspase-3 increase. Phellodendron amurense Rupr., bark and Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bunge, rhizome also inhibited gentamicin-induced apoptosis at particular concentrations; however, these two ingredients were less effective than ZDW. In the mouse model of gentamicin-induced nephropathy, the ZDW treatment significantly reduced apoptotic cells in the renal cortex and improved renal function. Conclusions: Our results suggest that ZDW at adequate doses attenuates gentamicin-induced apoptotic injury in renal tubular cells and also protects kidneys from gentamicin-induced injury in mice. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.