Browsing by Author "Huang, Chien-Ning"

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A Three-MicroRNA Signature as a Potential Biomarker for the Early Detection of Oral Cancer
(2018-03-01)
Chang, Yi-An
;
Weng, Shun-Long
;
Yang, Shun-Fa
;
Chou, Chih-Hung
;
Huang, Wei-Chih
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is often diagnosed at a late stage and may be malignantly transformed from oral leukoplakia (OL). This study aimed to identify potential plasma microRNAs (miRNAs) for the early detection of oral cancer. Plasma from normal, OL, and OSCC patients were evaluated. Small RNA sequencing was used to screen the differently expressed miRNAs among the groups. Next, these miRNAs were validated with individual samples by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) assays in the training phase (n = 72) and validation phase (n = 178). The possible physiological roles of the identified miRNAs were further investigated using bioinformatics analysis. Three miRNAs (miR-222-3p, miR-150-5p, and miR-423-5p) were identified as differentially expressed among groups; miR-222-3p and miR-423-5p negatively correlated with T stage, lymph node metastasis status, and clinical stage. A high diagnostic accuracy (Area under curve = 0.88) was demonstrated for discriminating OL from OSCC. Bioinformatics analysis reveals that miR-423-5p and miR-222-3p are significantly over-expressed in oral cancer tissues and involved in various cancer pathways. The three-plasma miRNA panel may be useful to monitor malignant progression from OL to OSCC and as potential biomarkers for early detection of oral cancer.
Bacterial alterations in salivary microbiota and their association in oral cancer
(2017-11-28)
Lee, Wei-Hsiang
;
Chen, Hui-Mei
;
Yang, Shun-Fa
;
Liang, Chao
;
Peng, Chih-Yu
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common malignant neoplasm of the oral cavity and the fourth leading malignancy and cause of cancer-related death in the male population of Taiwan. Most cases are detected at advanced stages, resulting in poor prognosis. Therefore, improved detection of early oral health disorders is indispensable. The involvement of oral bacteria in inflammation and their association with OSCC progression provide a feasible target for diagnosis. Due to the nature of oral neoplasms, the diagnosis of epithelial precursor lesions is relatively easy compared with that of other types of cancer. However, the transition from an epithelial precursor lesion to cancer is slow and requires further and continuous follow-up. In this study, we investigated microbiota differences between normal individuals, epithelial precursor lesion patients, and cancer patients with different lifestyle habits, such as betel chewing and smoking, using next-generation sequencing. Overall, the oral microbiome compositions of five genera, Bacillus, Enterococcus, Parvimonas, Peptostreptococcus, and Slackia, revealed significant differences between epithelial precursor lesion and cancer patients and correlated with their classification into two clusters. These composition changes might have the potential to constitute a biomarker to help in monitoring the oral carcinogenesis transition from epithelial precursor lesion to cancer.
Compositional and functional variations of oral microbiota associated with the mutational changes in oral cancer
(2018-02-01)
Yang, Shun-Fa
;
Huang, Hsien-Da
;
Fan, Wen-Lang
;
Jong, Yuh-Jyh
;
Chen, Mu-Kuan
Objectives: Both genetic and environmental factors are conceivably required to assess the prognosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), yet little is known regarding the relationship between oral microbiome and the mutational spectrum of OSCC. Materials and methods: Here, we used 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing to study the composition of oral microorganisms in OSCC patients, whose cancer mutational profiles were previously defined by whole-exome sequencing, to evaluate the relationship between oral microbiome and the mutational changes in OSCC. Results: Analyzing the contributions of the five mutational signatures extracted from the primary tumors revealed three groups of OSCC (mutational signature cluster, MSC1-3) that were significantly associated with demographic and clinical features. Taxonomic analysis of the predominant phyla in salivary samples showed variation in the relative abundance of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes in the three MSC groups. In addition, significant differences in bacterial species richness (alpha diversity) and slight sample-to-sample dissimilarities in bacterial community structures (beta diversity) were noted among different MSC groups. Further, predicting the functional capabilities of microbial communities by reconstruction of unobserved states showed that many pathways related to cell motility were differentially enriched among the three MSC groups. Conclusion: Collectively, these results indicate a potential association of oral microbiome with the mutational changes in OSCC.
Enterotype-based Analysis of Gut Microbiota along the Conventional Adenoma-Carcinoma Colorectal Cancer Pathway
(2019-07-29)
Yang, Tzu-Wei
;
Lee, Wei-Hsiang
;
Tu, Siang-Jyun
;
Huang, Wei-Chih
;
Chen, Hui-Mei
The dysbiosis of human gut microbiota is strongly associated with the development of colorectal cancer (CRC). The dysbiotic features of the transition from advanced polyp to early-stage CRC are largely unknown. We performed a 16S rRNA gene sequencing and enterotype-based gut microbiota analysis study. In addition to Bacteroides-and Prevotella-dominated enterotypes, we identified an Escherichia-dominated enterotype. We found that the dysbiotic features of CRC were dissimilar in overall samples and especially Escherichia-dominated enterotype. Besides a higher abundance of Fusobacterium, Enterococcus, and Aeromonas in all CRC faecal microbiota, we found that the most notable characteristic of CRC faecal microbiota was a decreased abundance of potential beneficial butyrate-producing bacteria. Notably, Oscillospira was depleted in the transition from advanced adenoma to stage 0 CRC, whereas Haemophilus was depleted in the transition from stage 0 to early-stage CRC. We further identified 7 different CAGs by analysing bacterial clusters. The abundance of microbiota in cluster 3 significantly increased in the CRC group, whereas that of cluster 5 decreased. The abundance of both cluster 5 and cluster 7 decreased in the Escherichia-dominated enterotype of the CRC group. We present the first enterotype-based faecal microbiota analysis. The gut microbiota of colorectal neoplasms can be influenced by its enterotype.