Browsing by Author "Huang, Ya-Rong"

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Enterotype-based Analysis of Gut Microbiota along the Conventional Adenoma-Carcinoma Colorectal Cancer Pathway
(2019-07-29)
Yang, Tzu-Wei
;
Lee, Wei-Hsiang
;
Tu, Siang-Jyun
;
Huang, Wei-Chih
;
Chen, Hui-Mei
The dysbiosis of human gut microbiota is strongly associated with the development of colorectal cancer (CRC). The dysbiotic features of the transition from advanced polyp to early-stage CRC are largely unknown. We performed a 16S rRNA gene sequencing and enterotype-based gut microbiota analysis study. In addition to Bacteroides-and Prevotella-dominated enterotypes, we identified an Escherichia-dominated enterotype. We found that the dysbiotic features of CRC were dissimilar in overall samples and especially Escherichia-dominated enterotype. Besides a higher abundance of Fusobacterium, Enterococcus, and Aeromonas in all CRC faecal microbiota, we found that the most notable characteristic of CRC faecal microbiota was a decreased abundance of potential beneficial butyrate-producing bacteria. Notably, Oscillospira was depleted in the transition from advanced adenoma to stage 0 CRC, whereas Haemophilus was depleted in the transition from stage 0 to early-stage CRC. We further identified 7 different CAGs by analysing bacterial clusters. The abundance of microbiota in cluster 3 significantly increased in the CRC group, whereas that of cluster 5 decreased. The abundance of both cluster 5 and cluster 7 decreased in the Escherichia-dominated enterotype of the CRC group. We present the first enterotype-based faecal microbiota analysis. The gut microbiota of colorectal neoplasms can be influenced by its enterotype.
Extension of C-elegans lifespan using the center dot NO-delivery dinitrosyl iron complexes
(2018-07-01)
Huang, Hsiao-Wen
;
Lin, Yen-Hung
;
Lin, Min-Hsuan
;
Huang, Ya-Rong
;
Chou, Chih-Hung
The ubiquitous and emerging physiology function of endogenous nitric oxide in vascular, myocardial, immune, and neuronal systems prompts chemists to develop a prodrug for the controlled delivery of center dot NO in vivo and for the translational biomedical application. Inspired by the discovery of natural [Fe(NO)(2)] motif, herein, we develop the synthetic dinitrosyl iron complexes (DNICs) [Fe-2(mu-SR)(2)(NO)(4)] (1) as a universal platform for the O-2-triggered release of center dot NO, for the regulation of center dot NO-release kinetics (half-life = 0.6-27.4 h), and for the activation of physiological function of center dot NO. Using C. elegans as a model organism, the center dot NO-delivery DNIC 1 regulates IIS signaling pathway, AMPK signaling pathway, and mitochondrial function pathway to extend the lifespan and to delay the aging process based on the lifespan analysis, SA-beta gal activity assay, and next-generation RNA sequencing analysis. This study unveils the anti-aging effect of center dot NO and develops DNICs as a chemical biology probe for the continued discovery of unprecedented NO physiology. [GRAPHICS] .
Haptoglobin expression correlates with tumor differentiation and five-year overall survival rate in hepatocellular carcinoma
(2017-02-03)
Tai, Chun-San
;
Lin, Yan-Ren
;
Teng, Tsung-Han
;
Lin, Ping-Yi
;
Tu, Siang-Jyun
Elevated serum haptoglobin (Hp) is identified as a prognostic marker in multiple types of solid tumors, which is correlated with poor prognosis. HCC is one of the major causes of cancer deaths in worldwide, which remains poor prognosis and is clinically urgent for discovering early diagnostic markers. However, except for serum Hp, the correlation of tumor Hp expression with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression is still unclear. In this study, we evaluated and identified the tissue Hp expression as a prognostic marker to predict the survival rate of HCC patients. To evaluate the prognostic value of Hp expression for HCC, two cohorts were enrolled in our study, including total 130 matched pair tissue sections (both adjacent non-tumorous and tumor tissue derived from same patient) of HCC patients from Changhua Christian Hospital (CCH) and total 316 RNA-seq data with clinical information of HCC patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. In contrast to other types of cancers, HCC tumor tissues have lower Hp protein expression in CCH cohort and have lower Hp mRNA expression in TCGA cohort as compared with adjacent non-tumorous tissues (p < 0.001). Moreover, lower Hp expression is significantly correlated with different stages of HCC cancer differentiation in CCH cohort (one-way ANOVA, p < 0.001). Most importantly, lower Hp expression is highly correlated with poor five-year overall survival rate in TCGA cohort (p < 0.01). Based on our data, we conclude that tissue Hp expression positively correlates with better HCC tumor differentiation and increased five-year overall survival rate of HCC patients. The results indicated that tissue Hp is potentially a prognostic marker for HCC patients. Our findings may further provide a new insight of effective treatments along with biopsy diagnosis of HCC patients.