Browsing by Author "Lin, Bor-Shyh"

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2D/3D-Display Auto-Adjustment Switch System
(2018-05-01)
Lin, Bor-Shyh
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Wu, Pei-Jung
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Chen, Chien-Yu
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影像與生醫光電研究所
;
Institute of Imaging and Biomedical Photonics
Recently, 2-D/3-D switchable displays have become the mainstream in 3-D display technologies, and people can now watch 3-D movies with a naked 2-D/3-D switchable display at home. However, some studies have indicated that people might encounter visual fatigue after enjoying a 3-D film in the theater. Although 2-D/3-D switchable technologies have been widely developed, 3-D display technologies are still lacking in ergonomic and human-care factors such as reducing visual fatigue. This study proposes a novel 2-D/3-D display autoadjustment switch system to provide biofeedback functions to reduce users' visual fatigue. In addition, the relationship between the blink rate and the visual fatigue state while watching 3-D films was investigated and quantified. In this study, liquid crystal barrier technology was used to develop a 2-D/3-D switchable display, and a wearable EOG acquisition device was also designed to monitor electro-oculography signals to estimate the blink rate. Here, the 2-D/3-D display autoadjustment criterion of the proposed system was designed according to the change in the visual fatigue state as estimated from the blink rate. Finally, the experimental results show that the proposed system could effectively reduce users' visual fatigue while watching 3-D films.
A Creative 3D Game Platform Interacted with Laser Beam
(2013)
Chang, Sheng-Hsiung
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Chen, Chien-Yue
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Lin, Bor-Shyh
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Wu, Pei-Jung
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光電工程學系
In this study, a 3D display and interactive laser technology are integrated to develop an interface system with virtual touch and to build up a laser interactive 3D game platform.
A Hybrid Display with 2D/3D Image Based on Static Hologram and LCD Panel
(2017-01-01)
Lin, Wen-Kai
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Liu, Wai-Tin
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Lin, Bor-Shyh
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Su, Wei-Chia
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光電學院
In this paper, a hybrid display which can provide 2D and 3D images was practice based on waveguide hologram. The hologram element recorded different 3D images and display different image without crosstalk.
A hybrid temporal and spatial speckle-suppression method for laser displays
(2013-12-16)
Deng, Qing-Long
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Lin, Bor-Shyh
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Wu, Pei-Jung
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Chiu, Kuan-Yao
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Fan, Ping-Lin
We propose a system that reduces laser display speckles by vibrating the light pipe. A small displacement of the light pipe appears to allow the total reflection of the laser, thereby resulting in a homogenized speckle field that changes with time. In this case, the speckle interference generated by the pattern projected by the laser through the light pipe destroys the spatial homogenization of the laser beams when the light pipe is vibrated. Moreover, when the light pipe begins the sequential vibration, the phases and paths of the beams are changed after the beams traverse the light pipe. Consequently, temporal speckle wavefront superposition can homogenize the luminous intensity distribution of the speckle pattern. This process reduces the speckle contrast to less than 4% while maintaining a luminous intensity of greater than 70%. (C) 2013 Optical Society of America
A NEW GAS BIO-SENSOR IN THE STRUCTURE OF A MICRO-MACHINED CLAMPED-CLAMPED INERTIAL BEAM AND ITS READOUT CIRCUIT
(2012)
Xue, Bing-Ze
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Chao, Paul C-P
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Lin, Bor-Shyh
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Tsai, Chun-Yin
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Chen, Tsung-Lin
This study presents a novel gas bio-sensor in the form of a micro-machined resonator and its readout circuit. The resonator has the structure of a clamped-clamped beam with thermal actuation and piezo-resistive sensing that supports a plate capable of being attached with test gas molecules to detect gas concentration. The purpose of this study is to design and fabricate the micro-scaled inertial beam with its readout circuit in a system-on-chip package. The circuit includes a driver, a front-end converter, a feed-trough reduction unit, a square-wave converter and a phase detector. In the process of signal reading,, the sensor is first driven by a DDS module and power amplifier, and then sense the vibrations by piezo-resistivity. The piezo-resistivity is detected by a Wheatstone bridge circuits. The carried signal of modulation is processed by a Wheatstone bridge circuits. An instrumentation amplifier adjusts the gain to the appropriate amplitude. The circuit with reduction on feed-through noise increases the SNR. Square wave conversion circuit and PFD process the signal and the driver reference signal to detect phase difference. The data of phase difference is counted into a microcontroller dsPIC4011 and then the data being transmitted to the computer by RS232 to a USB adapter. Finally, the whole circuit is implemented by using TSMC 0.35 2P4M process and one-step post-processing.
A Novel Gas Sensor in the Form of Micro-machined Resonator and its Readout Circuit
(2011)
Xue, Bing-Ze
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Chao, Paul C. -P.
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Lin, Bor-Shyh
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Tsai, Chun-Yin
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Chen, Tsung-Lin
This study presents a novel gas sensor in the form of a micro-machined resonator and its readout circuit. The resonator has the structure of clamped-clamped beams with thermal actuation and piezo-resistive sensing that supports a plate capable of being attached with test gas molecules to detect gas concentration. The purpose of this study was to design a new gas sensor readout system for a clamped-clamped beam resonator with thermal actuation and piezo-resistive sensing and also presents a new approach to reject the feed-through noise. The sensor is driven by a DDS module and power amplifier, and then sense the vibrations by piezo-resistivity. The piezo-resistivity is detected by a Wheatstone bridge circuits. The carried signal of modulation is set in Wheatstone bridge circuits. An instrumentation amplifier adjusts the gain to the appropriate amplitude. The circuit with reduction on feed-through noise increases the SNR. Square wave conversion circuit and PFD process the signal and the driver reference signal to detect phase difference. The data of phase difference is counted into a microcontroller dsPIC4011 and then the data being transmitted to the computer by RS232 to a USB adapter. Finally, the whole circuit is implemented by using TSMC 0.35 mu m 2P4M process and one-step post-processing.
A Novel Smart Assistance System for Blood Vessel Approaching: A Technical Report Based on Oximetry
(2020-04-01)
Lee, Chien-Ching
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Chuang, Chia-Chun
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Lai, Bo-Cheng
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Huang, Yi-Chia
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Chen, Jen-Yin
In clinical practice, the catheter has to be placed at an accurate position during anesthesia administration. However, effectively guiding the catheter to the accurate position in deeper tissues can be difficult for an inexperienced practitioner. We aimed to address the current issues associated with catheter placement using a novel smart assistance system for blood vessel catheter placement. We used a hollow introducer needle embedded with dual wavelength (690 and 850 nm) optical fibers to advance the tip into the subclavian vessels in anesthetized piglets. The results showed average optical density changes, and the difference between the absorption spectra and hemoglobin concentrations of different tissue components effectively identified different tissues (p < 0.05). The radial basis function neural network (RBFNN) technique was applied to distinguish tissue components (the F-measure value and accuracy were 93.02% and 94%, respectively). Finally, animal experiments were designed to validate the performance of the proposed system. Using this system based on oximetry, we easily navigated the needle tip to the target vessel. Based on the experimental results, the proposed system could effectively distinguish different tissue layers of the animals.
A PDMS-Based Cylindrical Hybrid Lens for Enhanced Fluorescence Detection in Microfluidic Systems
(2014-02-01)
Lin, Bor-Shyh
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Yang, Yu-Ching
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Ho, Chong-Yi
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Yang, Han-Yu
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Wang, Hsiang-Yu
Microfluidic systems based on fluorescence detection have been developed and applied for many biological and chemical applications. Because of the tiny amount of sample in the system; the induced fluorescence can be weak. Therefore, most microfluidic systems deploy multiple optical components or sophisticated equipment to enhance the efficiency of fluorescence detection. However, these strategies encounter common issues of complex manufacturing processes and high costs. In this study; a miniature, cylindrical and hybrid lens made of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) to improve the fluorescence detection in microfluidic systems is proposed. The hybrid lens integrates a laser focusing lens and a fluorescence collecting lens to achieve dual functions and simplify optical setup. Moreover, PDMS has advantages of low-cost and straightforward fabrication compared with conventional optical components. The performance of the proposed lens is first examined with two fluorescent dyes and the results show that the lens provides satisfactory enhancement for fluorescence detection of Rhodamine 6G and Nile Red. The overall increments in collected fluorescence signal and detection sensitivity are more than 220% of those without lens, and the detection limits of Rhodamine 6G and Nile red are lowered to 0.01 g/mL and 0.05 g/mL, respectively. The hybrid lens is further applied to the detection of Nile red-labeled Chlorella vulgaris cells and it increases both signal intensity and detection sensitivity by more than 520%. The proposed hybrid lens also dramatically reduces the variation in detected signal caused by the deviation in incident angle of excitation light.
A quantitative evaluation with an innovative wireless bio-impedance device to check improvement of limb lymphedema after receiving two-site vascularized lymph node transfer simultaneously in a patient
(2018-03-01)
Chang, Chang-Cheng
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Su, Chun-Lin
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Xu, Dai-Ru
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Lin, Bor-Shyh
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Chen, Hung-Chi
A quantitative real-time assessment of Buerger exercise on dorsal foot peripheral skin circulation in patients with diabetes foot
(2016-11-01)
Chang, Chang-Cheng
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Chen, Men-Yen
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Shen, Jen-Hsiang
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Lin, Yen Bin
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Hsu, Wen-Wei
Buerger exercise can improve the peripheral circulation of lower extremities. However, the evidence and a quantitative assessment of skin perfusion immediately after this exercise in patients with diabetes feet are still rare. We recruited 30 patients with unilateral or bilateral diabetic ulcerated feet in Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chia-Yi Branch, from October 2012 to December 2013. Real-time dorsal foot skin perfusion pressures (SPPs) before and after Buerger exercise were measured and analyzed. In addition, the severity of ischemia and the presence of ulcers before exercise were also stratified. A total of 30 patients with a mean age of 63.4 +/- 13.7 years old were enrolled in this study. Their mean duration of diabetes was 13.6 +/- 8.2 years. Among them, 26 patients had unilateral and 4 patients had bilateral diabetes foot ulcers. Of the 34 wounded feet, 23 (68%) and 9 (27%) feet were classified as Wagner class II and III, respectively. The real-time SPP measurement indicated that Buerger exercise significantly increased the level of SPP by more than 10mmHg (n=46, 58.3 vs 70.0mmHg, P<0.001). In terms of pre-exercise dorsal foot circulation condition, the results showed that Buerger exercise increased the level of SPP in severe ischemia (n=5, 22.1 vs 37.3 mm Hg, P=0.043), moderate ischemia (n=14, 42.2 vs 64.4 mm Hg, P=0.001), and borderline-normal (n=7, 52.9 vs 65.4 mm Hg, P=0.028) groups, respectively. However, the 20 feet with SPP levels more than 60 mm Hg were not improved significantly after exercise (n=20, 58.3 vs 71.5 mm Hg, P=0.239). As to the presence of ulcers, Buerger exercise increased the level of SPP in either unwounded feet (n=12, 58.5 vs 66.0 mm Hg, P=0.012) or wounded feet (n=34, 58.3 vs 71.5 mm Hg, P<0.001). The majority of the ulcers was either completely healed (9/34=27%) or still improving (14/34=41%). This study quantitatively demonstrates the evidence of dorsal foot peripheral circulation improvement after Buerger exercise in patients with diabetes.
A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL OF PICOSECOND ALEXANDRITE LASER WITH A DIFFRACTIVE LENS ARRAY COMPARED TO TRIPLE COMBINATION CREAM FOR MELASMA IN ASIANS
(2019-02-01)
Chang, Chang Cheng
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Wang, Yen Jen
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Lin, Erh Ti E.
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Chen, Yu-Tsung
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Lin, Bor-Shyh
A Real-Time Wireless Brain-Computer Interface System for Drowsiness Detection
(2010-08-01)
Lin, Chin-Teng
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Chang, Che-Jui
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Lin, Bor-Shyh
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Hung, Shao-Hang
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Chao, Chih-Feng
A real-time wireless electroencephalogram (EEG)-based brain-computer interface (BCI) system for drowsiness detection has been proposed. Drowsy driving has been implicated as a causal factor in many accidents. Therefore, real-time drowsiness monitoring can prevent traffic accidents effectively. However, current BCI systems are usually large and have to transmit an EEG signal to a back-end personal computer to process the EEG signal. In this study, a novel BCI system was developed to monitor the human cognitive state and provide biofeedback to the driver when drowsy state occurs. The proposed system consists of a wireless physiological signal-acquisition module and an embedded signal-processing module. Here, the physiological signal-acquisition module and embedded signal-processing module were designed for long-term EEG monitoring and real-time drowsiness detection, respectively. The advantages of low ower consumption and small volume of the proposed system are suitable for car applications. Moreover, a real-time drowsiness detection algorithm was also developed and implemented in this system. The experiment results demonstrated the feasibility of our proposed BCI system in a practical driving application.
A Study of Floating Image System with the Interaction Function
(2017-01-01)
Lin, Wen-Kai
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Chiu, Chien-Chang
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Lin, Bor-Shyh
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Su, Wei-Chia
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Hsiao, Fu-Li
In this study, a Fresnel lens, a half-reflecting mirror and a LCD were used to build up a see-through floating image system. A gesture recognition module was employed to achieve the human-computer interaction function. The designed system, offers a simple and economic architecture for augmented reality (AR) system.
A Wearable Bio-potential Monitor System with Capacitive Coupling Electrode
(2013-01-01)
Huang, Yan-Jun
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Lin, Bor-Shyh
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Wang, Hsing-Yu
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Kuo, Hsing-Chien
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Lin, Bin-Yi
Electrocardiography (ECG) is a kind of electrical activities of the heart measured along the skin, and is also an important tool to diagnosis heart decease. In clinical, the conventional ECG electrode is generally used for measuring ECG signal. However, it requires skin preparation and conductive gels to reduce the impedance of the skin-electrode interface. These preparation procedures easily cause the inconvenience and discomfort for the user. Moreover, it also easily encounters the problem of conductive gels drying for long-term ECG measurement. In this study, a capacitive coupling electrode was proposed to measure ECG without contacting the patient body of the user directly. By using the proposed capacitive coupling electrode, ECG can be measured without any preparation and conductive gels. Finally, the electrical characteristic was validated, and ECG measurement was also tested in this study.
A Wearable Channel Selection-Based Brain-Computer Interface for Motor Imagery Detection
(2016-02-01)
Lo, Chi-Chun
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Chien, Tsung-Yi
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Chen, Yu-Chun
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Tsai, Shang-Ho
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Fang, Wai-Chi
Motor imagery-based brain-computer interface (BCI) is a communication interface between an external machine and the brain. Many kinds of spatial filters are used in BCIs to enhance the electroencephalography (EEG) features related to motor imagery. The approach of channel selection, developed to reserve meaningful EEG channels, is also an important technique for the development of BCIs. However, current BCI systems require a conventional EEG machine and EEG electrodes with conductive gel to acquire multi-channel EEG signals and then transmit these EEG signals to the back-end computer to perform the approach of channel selection. This reduces the convenience of use in daily life and increases the limitations of BCI applications. In order to improve the above issues, a novel wearable channel selection-based brain-computer interface is proposed. Here, retractable comb-shaped active dry electrodes are designed to measure the EEG signals on a hairy site, without conductive gel. By the design of analog CAR spatial filters and the firmware of EEG acquisition module, the function of spatial filters could be performed without any calculation, and channel selection could be performed in the front-end device to improve the practicability of detecting motor imagery in the wearable EEG device directly or in commercial mobile phones or tablets, which may have relatively low system specifications. Finally, the performance of the proposed BCI is investigated, and the experimental results show that the proposed system is a good wearable BCI system prototype.
A Wearable Mobile Electrocardiogram Measurement Device with Novel Dry Polymer-based Electrodes
(2010)
Wang, I-Jan
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Liao, Lun-De
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Wang, Yu-Te
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Chen, Chi-Yu
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Lin, Bor-Shyh
A Wearable Mobile Electrocardiogram Monitoring System (WMEMS), which mainly consists of a wearable Electrocardiogram (ECG) acquisition device, a mobile phone with global positioning system, and a healthcare server, was developed in this study. Most of telemedicine systems for long-term ECG monitoring focus on the application of communication techniques. However, how to monitor long-term ECG state more comfortably in daily life is also an important issue. In this study, a novel dry foam electrode was designed and applied for the wearable ECG acquisition device in our WMEMS. These novel dry foam electrodes without conduction gels can provide good conductivity to acquire ECG signal effectively, and can adapt to irregular skin surface to maintain low skin-electrode impedance and reduce motion artifacts under movement. Therefore, the wearable ECG acquisition device is suitable for long-term ECG monitoring in daily life. Moreover, by combining with wireless communication technique, our WMEMS can monitor patient's heart rate continuously anywhere in the globe if they are under the coverage of GSM cellular network. Experiment results showed that our WMEMS really provides a good system prototype for ECG telemedicine applications.
A wireless and wearable measurement system for human body electrostatic monitoring application
(2018-03-01)
Wang, Yao-Chin
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Lin, Nan-Chun
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Lin, Bor-Shyh
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影像與生醫光電研究所
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Institute of Imaging and Biomedical Photonics
In particular, electrostatic discharge (ESD) and electric overstress (EOS), for the production assembly, were concluded as the common problems for all electronic manufacturers in worldwide. Uncontrollable and invisible electrostatic discharge events were the major problems, because production quality was performed by well-controlled electrostatic discharge and electric overstress. Currently, it was passively managed the electrostatic grounding path by a connection on the assembly line, the correct wearing of electrostatic ground wrist/ankle straps, and the installation of static ionizers on top of the riskiest workstations to dissipate the electrostatic energy, with the regular check of electrostatic discharge being eliminated or dissipated by static ionizers. The above methods could merely detect fixed locations, but could not real time detect the electrostatic conditions of an operator and record the related events for the database analysis. In order to improve the above issue, the study proposed a wearable and wireless human body electrostatic monitoring system to real-time detect the ESD event of an operator and record the ESD events for the database analysis. By using the real-time alert mechanism, the proposed system could effectively prevent these ESD damages: (1) could inform the operator to immediately discharge the cumulative electric charge; (2) could be transmit to the back-end host system via Bluetooth to make up the careless mistake in the operation, and this alert could be regarded as the second prevention; (3) could be recorded in database for successive data analyses. Finally, the proposed system was also validated and applied in the production assembly and the experimental results indicated that it could exactly provide an effective way to reduce the influence of ESD/EOS.
An Augmented Reality Head-Up Display System with a Wide-View Eyebox
(2020-06-30)
Wu, Pei-Jung
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Chuang, Chih-Hao
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Chen, Chien-Yu
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Wu, Jeng-Han
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Lin, Bor-Shyh
This study proposes to apply the combination of two 90-degree prisms and a holographic optical element to an image-dividing element, divide an image into three through the virtual image projection system, and accurately project the images to 160 cm behind the windshield. In order to distinguish the left image, middle image, and right image at the horizontal direction, the 90-degree prism is first utilized for horizontally deflecting the light, a holographic optical element is then used for presenting the vertical deflection of the image, and finally, the images are horizontally arranged as a real image on the diffuser. An image-dividing element is eventually integrated to the virtual image projection system. Then, the divided images are made as a virtual image which is projected to 160 cm behind the windshield to combine with the street scene. The horizontal angle of view of an eyebox is increased from 2.51 degrees to 7.22 degrees, and the size of the eyebox is 31.68 cm x 12.48 cm, allowing a wide-view laser-based head-up display with the large-angle beam-splitting function being successfully designed. It would not affect the field of view on the road, and this system could reduce the space and be arranged easily in a vehicle. Therefore, this proposed system is suitable for the aftermarket.
An innovative nonpharmacological intervention combined with intravenous patient-controlled analgesia increased patient global improvement in pain and satisfaction after major surgery
(2017-01-01)
Chuang, Chia-Chun
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Lee, Chien-Ching
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Wang, Li-Kai
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Lin, Bor-Shyh
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Wu, Wen-Ju
Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate whether a nonpharmacological approach through implementation of a communication improvement program (named CICARE for Connect, Introduce, Communicate, Ask, Respond and Exit) into standard operating procedure (SOP) in acute pain service (APS) improved satisfaction in patients receiving intravenous patient-controlled analgesia (IV-PCA). Patients and methods: This was a nonrandomized before-after study. Adult patients (aged between 20 and 80 years) who received IV-PCA after major surgery were included. Implementing CICARE into SOP was conducted in APS. Anonymous questionnaires were used to measure outcomes in this prospective two-part survey. The first part completed by APS nurses contained patients' characteristics, morphine dosage, delivery/demand ratios, IV-PCA side effects and pain at rest measured with an 11-point numeric rating scale (NRS, 0-10). A score of NRS. 4 was defined as inadequately treated pain. The ten-question second part was completed by patients voluntarily after IV-PCA was discontinued. Each question was assessed with a 5-point Likert scale (1: extremely poor; 5: excellent). Patients were separated into "before" and "after" CICARE groups. Primary outcomes were patient global impression of improvement in pain (PGI-Improvement) and patient satisfaction. Secondary outcomes included quality of communication skills, instrument proficiency and accessibility/availability of IV-PCA. Results: The response rate was 55.3%, with 187 usable questionnaires. CICARE effectively improved patient global impression of improvement in pain, patient satisfaction, communication skills and accessibility/availability of IV-PCA. No significant differences were noted in instrument proficiency, morphine dosage, delivery/demand ratios, rates of inadequately treated pain at rest and side effects of IV-PCA between groups. Paradoxical findings were noted between the rates of inadequately treated pain/side effects and PGI-Improvement in pain/patient satisfaction, which were affected by psychological factors. Conclusion: Nonpharmacological interventions carried out by implementing CICARE into SOP for APS effectively improved patient satisfaction and postoperative pain management quality, but this did not affect actual pain.
An Intelligent Telecardiology System Using a Wearable and Wireless ECG to Detect Atrial Fibrillation
(2010-05-01)
Lin, Chin-Teng
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Chang, Kuan-Cheng
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Lin, Chun-Ling
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Chiang, Chia-Cheng
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Lu, Shao-Wei
This study presents a novel wireless, ambulatory, real-time, and autoalarm intelligent telecardiology system to improve healthcare for cardiovascular disease, which is one of the most prevalent and costly health problems in the world. This system consists of a lightweight and power-saving wireless ECG device equipped with a built-in automatic warning expert system. This device is connected to a mobile and ubiquitous real-time display platform. The acquired ECG signals are instantaneously transmitted to mobile devices, such as netbooks or mobile phones through Bluetooth, and then, processed by the expert system. An alert signal is sent to the remote database server, which can be accessed by an Internet browser, once an abnormal ECG is detected. The current version of the expert system can identify five types of abnormal cardiac rhythms in real-time, including sinus tachycardia, sinus bradycardia, wide QRS complex, atrial fibrillation (AF), and cardiac asystole, which is very important for both the subjects who are being monitored and the healthcare personnel tracking cardiac-rhythm disorders. The proposed system also activates an emergency medical alarm system when problems occur. Clinical testing reveals that the proposed system is approximately 94% accurate, with high sensitivity, specificity, and positive prediction rates for ten normal subjects and 20 AF patients. We believe that in the future a business-card-like ECG device, accompanied with a mobile phone, can make universal cardiac protection service possible.