Browsing by Author "Lin, Hsin-Yu"

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A Unique and Potent Protein Binding Nature of Liposome Containing Polyethylenimine and Polyethylene Glycol: A Nondisplaceable Property
(2011-06-01)
Liu, Yen-Ku
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Lin, Yu-Ling
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Chen, Chia-Hung
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Lin, Ching-Min
;
Ma, Kuan-Lun
Most of the currently available targeting vectors are produced via the linkage of targeting molecules. However, the coupling process is complicated, and the covalent linkage may attenuate the activity of certain targeting molecules. In this study, we have developed a cationic liposome complexed with polyethylenimine and polyethylene glycol polymers (LPPC) that can capture various proteins without covalent conjugation. Characterizations of prepared LPPC revealed that the maximal-binding capacity was about 170 mu g of bovine serum albumin to 40 mu g of sphere-shaped LPPC (180 nm). The proteins were essentially located at or near the surface when analyzed by atomic force or transmission electron microscopy. We demonstrate that polyethylenimine was an essential component to bind the proteins. Upon the saturation of captured proteins, a given protein could not be displaced by other additional proteins and still retained its biological activity. Using a variety of functional proteins, we show some typical examples of the utility of incorporated beta-glucuronidase and antibodies onto the LPPC. The beta-glucuronidase can be used for the study of antigen-antibody interactions, whereas in studies with the antibody complex, we used anti-CD3 as an agonist to stimulate the proliferation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells via a receptor-mediated mechanism and anti-VEGFR for cell staining. In conclusion, the prepared LPPC can provide a platform to capture biologically and biochemically functional proteins on its surface for various applications, such as cell signaling, cell profiling, noncovalent enzyme-linked immunoassays, and others not mentioned. Biotechnol. Bioeng. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2011; 108: 1318-1327. (C) 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
An investigation of using mobile and situated crowdsourcing to collect annotated travel activity data in real-word settings
(2017-06-01)
Chang, Yung-Ju
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Paruthi, Gaurav
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Wu, Hsin-Ying
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Lin, Hsin-Yu
;
Newman, Mark W.
Collecting annotated activity data is vital to many forms of context-aware system development. Leveraging a crowd of smartphone users to collect annotated activity data in the wild is a promising direction because the data being collected are realistic and diverse. However, current research lacks a systematic analysis comparing different approaches for collecting such data and investigating how users use these approaches to collect activity data in real world settings. In this paper, we report results from a field study investigating the use of mobile crowdsourcing to collect annotated travel activity data through three approaches: Participatory, Context Triggered In Situ, and Context-Triggered Post Hoc. In particular, we conducted two phases of analysis. In Phase One, we analyzed and compared the resulting data collected via the three approaches and user experience. In Phase Two, we analyzed users' recording and annotation behavior as well as the annotation content in using each approach in the field. Our results suggested that although Context-Triggered approaches produced a larger number of recordings, they did not necessarily lead to a larger quantity of data than the Participatory approach. It was because many of the recordings were either not labeled, incomplete, and/or fragmented due to the imperfect context detection. In addition, recordings collected by the Participatory approach tended to be more complete and contain less noise. In terms of user experience, while users appreciated automated recording and reminders because of their convenience, they highly valued having the control over what and when to record and annotate that the Participatory approach provided. Finally, we showed that activity type (Driver, Riding as Passenger, Walking) influenced users' behaviors in recording and annotating their activity data. It influenced the timing of recording and annotating using the Participatory approach, users' receptivity using the Context-Triggered In Situ approach, and the characteristics of the content of annotations. Based on these findings, we provide design and methodological recommendations for future work that aims to leverage mobile crowdsourcing to collect annotated activity data.
Degraded License Plate Recognition System for Town Buses on Highway
(2013)
Wu, Bing-Fei
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Huang, Hao-Yu
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Chen, Yen-Lin
;
Lin, Hsin-Yu
;
Lee, Tsu-Tian
This study presented a Degraded License Plate Recognition (DLPR) to identify town buses on highway. Since the License Plates (LPs) of town buses are influenced by the external conditions and become hardly distinguished by the Optical Character Recognition (OCR) method. The proposed DLPR system adopts Histogram of Oriented Gradient (HOG) and Support Vector Machine (SVM)-for classification-based solution. The proposed system implements a two-level LPR, including LP localization and character recognition. For the recognition efficiency of the proposed system, two trained databases for LP localization and character recognition are reduced by the mathematical and feature-based approaches, respectively, and thus the searching time can be saved significantly. To certify the performance of recognizing the degraded LPs, the proposed system is demonstrated by physical degraded LP images, and thus the results reveal that the proposed system overcomes several degraded LP images with reasonable recognition accuracy.
Synthesis of Apolipoprotein B Lipoparticles to Deliver Hydrophobic/Amphiphilic Materials
(2013-08-14)
Chu, Hsueh-Liang
;
Cheng, Tsai-Mu
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Chen, Hung-Wei
;
Chou, Fu-Hsuan
;
Chang, Yu-Chuan
To develop a drug delivery system (DDS), it is critical to address challenging tasks such as the delivery of hydrophobic and amphiphilic compounds, cell uptake, and the metabolic fate of the drug delivery carrier. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) has been acknowledged as the human serum transporter of natively abundant lipoparticles such as cholesterol, triacylglycerides, and lipids. Apolipoprotein B (apo B) is the only protein contained in LDL, and possesses a binding moiety for the LDL receptor that can be internalized and degraded naturally by the cell. Therefore, synthetic/reconstituting apoB lipoparticle (rABL) could be an excellent delivery carrier for hydrophobic or amphiphilic materials. Here, we synthesized rABL in vitro, using full-length apoB through a five-step solvent exchange method, and addressed its potential as a DDS. Our rABL exhibited good biocompatibility when evaluated with cytotoxicity and cell metabolic response assays, and was stable during storage in phosphate-buffered saline at 4 degrees C for several months. Furthermore, hydrophobic superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONPs) and the anticancer drug M4N (tetra-O-methyl nordihydroguaiaretic acid), used as an imaging enhancer and lipophilic drug model, respectively, were incorporated into the rABL, leading to the formation of SPIONPs- and M4N- containing rABL (SPIO@rABL and M4N@rABL, respectively). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy suggested that rABL has a similar composition to that of LDL, and successfully incorporated SPIONPs or M4N. SPIO@rABL presented significant hepatic contrast enhancement in T-2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging in BALB/c mice, suggesting its potential application as a medical imaging contrast agent. M4N@rABL could reduce the viability of the cancer cell line A549. Interestingly, we developed solution-phase high-resolution transmission electron microscopy to observe both LDL and SPIO@rABL in the liquid state. In summary, our LDL-based DDS, rABL, has significant potential as a novel DDS for hydrophobic and amphiphilic materials, with good cell internalization properties and metabolicity.