Browsing by Author "Lin, Kuan-Yu"

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A High-Voltage-Tolerant Stimulator Realized in the Low-Voltage CMOS Process for Cochlear Implant
(2014-01-01)
Lin, Kuan-Yu
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Ker, Ming-Dou
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Lin, Chun-Yu
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生醫電子轉譯研究中心
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Biomedical Electronics Translational Research Center
A biomedical stimulator with four high-voltage-tolerant output channels, combined with on-chip positive high voltage generator, is proposed. For the purpose of integration with other circuit blocks into a system-on-chip (SoC) for cochlear implant biomedical applications, this design has been realized with the 1.8-V/3.3-V transistors in a 0.18-mu m CMOS process. This stimulator only needs one single supply voltage of 1.8 V, but the maximum stimulation voltage can be as high as 7 V. The dynamic bias technique and stacked MOS configuration are used to implement this stimulator in the low-voltage CMOS process, without causing the issues of electrical overstress and gate-oxide reliability during circuit operation.
Effects of Electric Fields on the Switching Properties Improvements of RRAM Device With a Field-Enhanced Elevated-Film-Stack Structure
(2018-01-01)
Chuang, Kai-Chi
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Lin, Kuan-Yu
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Luo, Jun-Dao
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Li, Wei-Shuo
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Li, Yi-Shao
In this paper, a resistive random access memory (RRAM) device using a field-enhanced elevated-film-stack (EFS) structure with a 15-nm-thick HfOx dielectric layer was fabricated and measured to achieve a forming voltage (V-Forming) of 2.04 V, set voltage (V-Set) of 0.95 V, and reset voltage (V-Reset) of -1.22 V, compared to the values of 2.73 V, 1.26 V, and -1.54 V for the planar one with 6-nm-thick HfOx, respectively. These resistive switching characteristics were effectively reduced, and the uniformity of these characteristics from device to device were considerably improved. The improvements of such an EFS-structured RRAM device were attributed to the high local electric fields at the two sharp corners of the EFS structure, which facilitated the formation of conductive filaments, and the distribution of the electric field was verified by technology computer-aided design simulations.
Effects of post-metal annealing on the electrical characteristics of HfOx-based resistive switching memory devices
(2017-06-01)
Chuang, Kai-Chi
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Lin, Kuan-Yu
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Luo, Jun-Dao
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Li, Wei-Shuo
;
Li, Yi-Shao
Post-metal annealing (PMA) has been adopted to reduce the operation voltages of HfOx-based resistive random access memory (RRAM) devices, especially the forming voltage (V-Forming). TiN/Ti/HfOx/TiN stack structures were fabricated and annealed via rapid thermal annealing (RTA) and furnace annealing (FA) to investigate the annealing effects. The result of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis indicates that the distribution of oxygen towards the interposing Ti layer increases after the annealing process, which facilitates the formation of conductive filaments in the dielectric layer. As a result, V-Forming can be decreased from 4.60 to 3.24 and 3.36 V via RTA for 30 s at 400 degrees C and via FA for 60 min at 300 degrees C, respectively, as compared with that without PMA. However, the V-Forming of the device annealed via FA for 60 min at 400 degrees C was higher than that at 300 degrees C. This turn-around phenomenon of the forming voltages of RRAM devices annealed via FA was found. It was attributed to the conversion of the interposing Ti layer into a highly resistive TiO2 film. (c) 2017 The Japan Society of Applied Physics
Gel electrophoresis of polyphenol oxidase with instant identification by in situ blotting
(2007-04-15)
Cheng, Tsai-Mu
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Huang, Pei-Chen
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Pan, Ju-Pin
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Lin, Kuan-Yu
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Mao, Simon J. T.
Polyphenol oxidase (PPO) or tyrosinase is an important and ubiquitous enzyme responsible for browning in plants and melanization in animals. The molecular size of the plant PPO is varied among the species and its activity can be enhanced by a variety of anionic detergents. In the present study, we developed a simple method for the first-step identification of PPO in fruit and vegetable extracts. First, 3 mm chromatographic paper was immersed in 0.5% (w/v) catechol solution as an immobilized PPO substrate. After running the extract with 10% sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SIDS-PAGE), one side of the glass plate was removed. The plate was immediately laid on top of the dried catechol-paper. A dark-brown band corresponding to PPO was visualized within I min and was further confirmed by a conventional Western blot using an antibody prepared against mushroom PPO. It also reveals that some vegetation (such as tomato, radish, and oriental melon) with low or no detectable activity in a conventional enzyme assay actually possessed marked levels of PPO activity when assessed by PAGE-blot. We propose that an inhibitor is associated with PPO in some plants; the inhibitor, however, is dissociated during the electrophoresis. Therefore, in addition to identify the molecular form of PPO, the present technique may explore the existence of PPO inhibitor(s) in plants. The detail of the method with respect to its relevance for searching a natural PPO inhibitor is described and discussed. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Global Analyses of Small Interfering RNAs Derived from Bamboo mosaic virus and Its Associated Satellite RNAs in Different Plants
(2010-08-02)
Lin, Kuan-Yu
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Cheng, Chi-Ping
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Chang, Bill Chia-Han
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Wang, Wei-Chi
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Huang, Ying-Wen
Background: Satellite RNAs (satRNAs), virus parasites, are exclusively associated with plant virus infection and have attracted much interest over the last 3 decades. Upon virus infection, virus-specific small interfering RNAs (vsiRNAs) are produced by dicer-like (DCL) endoribonucleases for anti-viral defense. The composition of vsiRNAs has been studied extensively; however, studies of satRNA-derived siRNAs (satsiRNAs) or siRNA profiles after satRNA co-infection are limited. Here, we report on the small RNA profiles associated with infection with Bamboo mosaic virus (BaMV) and its two satellite RNAs (satBaMVs) in Nicotiana benthamiana and Arabidopsis thaliana. Methodology/Principal Findings: Leaves of N. benthamiana or A. thaliana inoculated with water, BaMV alone or coinoculated with interfering or noninterfering satBaMV were collected for RNA extraction, then large-scale Solexa sequencing. Up to about 20% of total siRNAs as BaMV-specific siRNAs were accumulated in highly susceptible N. benthamiana leaves inoculated with BaMV alone or co-inoculated with noninterfering satBaMV; however, only about 0.1% of vsiRNAs were produced in plants co-infected with interfering satBaMV. The abundant region of siRNA distribution along BaMV and satBaMV genomes differed by host but not by co-infection with satBaMV. Most of the BaMV and satBaMV siRNAs were 21 or 22 nt, of both (+) and (-) polarities; however, a higher proportion of 22-nt BaMV and satBaMV siRNAs were generated in N. benthamiana than in A. thaliana. Furthermore, the proportion of non-viral 24-nt siRNAs was greatly increased in N. benthamiana after virus infection. Conclusions/Significance: The overall composition of vsiRNAs and satsiRNAs in the infected plants reflect the combined action of virus, satRNA and different DCLs in host plants. Our findings suggest that the structure and/or sequence demands of various DCLs in different hosts may result in differential susceptibility to the same virus. DCL2 producing 24-nt siRNAs under biotic stresses may play a vital role in the antiviral mechanism in N. benthamiana.
miRExpress: Analyzing high-throughput sequencing data for profiling microRNA expression
(2009-10-12)
Wang, Wei-Chi
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Lin, Feng-Mao
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Chang, Wen-Chi
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Lin, Kuan-Yu
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Huang, Hsien-Da
Background: MicroRNAs (miRNAs), small non-coding RNAs of 19 to 25 nt, play important roles in gene regulation in both animals and plants. In the last few years, the oligonucleotide microarray is one high-throughput and robust method for detecting miRNA expression. However, the approach is restricted to detecting the expression of known miRNAs. Second-generation sequencing is an inexpensive and high-throughput sequencing method. This new method is a promising tool with high sensitivity and specificity and can be used to measure the abundance of small-RNA sequences in a sample. Hence, the expression profiling of miRNAs can involve use of sequencing rather than an oligonucleotide array. Additionally, this method can be adopted to discover novel miRNAs. Results: This work presents a systematic approach, miRExpress, for extracting miRNA expression profiles from sequencing reads obtained by second-generation sequencing technology. A stand-alone software package is implemented for generating miRNA expression profiles from high-throughput sequencing of RNA without the need for sequenced genomes. The software is also a database-supported, efficient and flexible tool for investigating miRNA regulation. Moreover, we demonstrate the utility of miRExpress in extracting miRNA expression profiles from two Illumina data sets constructed for the human and a plant species. Conclusion: We develop miRExpress, which is a database-supported, efficient and flexible tool for detecting miRNA expression profile. The analysis of two Illumina data sets constructed from human and plant demonstrate the effectiveness of miRExpress to obtain miRNA expression profiles and show the usability in finding novel miRNAs.
TAPS: Traffic-Aware Power Saving Scheme for Clustered Small Cell Base Stations in LTE-A
(2015)
Lin, Kuan-Yu
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Chen, Jen-Yeu
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Ren, Fang-Ching
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Chang, Chung-Ju
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電機工程學系
To meet the soaring demand of high data rate from today\'s applications of mobile Internet, small cells would be widely deployed to achieve higher data rate and better spectral efficiency in 4G and B4G/5G cellular networks. However, when the network traffic load is low, a large number of small-cell base stations could incur a tremendous energy waste. To overcome this pitfall, in this paper, we propose a traffic-aware power saving scheme (TAPS) by which a small-cell base station can adequately switch its operation mode -- namely, normal, sniff and low-duty modes -- according to its traffic load to reduce its power consumption. Simulation results show that TAPS can save a large amount of energy but only slightly hamper system performance compared with the case without power-saving scheme.