Browsing by Author "Lin, Li-Wei"

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Gold nanoparticles caused learning impairment in mice
(2009)
Chen, Yu-Shiun
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Hung, Yao-Ching
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Liau, Ian
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Lin, Li-Wei
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Hong, Meng-Yeng
Aims : To investigate the toxic effect of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) to the learning and memory of mice. Main methods: Naked GNPs of 17 nm and 37 nm were synthesized, purified, and injected intraperitoneally into BALB/C mice at a dose of 8 mg/kg/week. Passive avoidance test was performed to detect the possible leaning impairment. Biochemical analysis to examine levels of monoamine and acetylcholine in mouse brain was also performed. ICP-MS was performed to examine the presence of GNP in brain. Localization of GNP at hippocampus was surveyed by ex vivo Coherent anti-Stoke Raman scattering (CARS) microscopy. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was also performed to verify the cellular location of GNPs at hippocampus. Key findings: Both 17 nm and 37 nm GNPs induced severe sickness in rnice. However, only 17 rim GNP impaired the learning and memory of mice. GNP treatment elevated levels of dopamine from 114.5 ng/mouse brain to 143.6 ng/mouse brain for 17 nm (p<0.01) and to 138.2 for 37 nm GNP (p<0.05). Serotinin was significantly reduced by 17 nm GNP treatment from 57.2 ng/mouse brain to 44.3 ng/mouse brain (p<0.05). ICP-MS indicated the presence of GNPs in every part of the brain. CARS microscopy showed that 17 nm GNP was located at the Cornu Amonis regions of hippocampus where neuronal cells clustered, while 37 nm GNP was excluded from the cell clustered region. TEM and EDAX verified the presence of 17 nm GNP in the cytoplasm and in the dendrite of pyramidal cell, while 37 rim GNP was found in the extracellular region of neuronal cells. TEM image also indicated that both endocytosis and free diffusion coexisted for the invasion of 17 nm GNP. Significance: The current study provided evidence that nanoparticles were capable of entering into brain and affecting normal brain function. The size-dependent invading ability of GNPs provides an extra dimension for drug delivery.
Lifting of epiglottis superior to preloaded bougie technique when only the epiglottis is visible: a randomized, cross-over simulated mannequin study
(2020-04-01)
Hung, Tzu-Yao
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Lin, Chieh-Hung
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Lin, Li-Wei
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Yeh, Yu-Hang
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Chen, Wei-Lun
Psoralea corylifolia extract ameliorates experimental osteoporosis in ovariectomized rats
(2007)
Tsai, Meng-Hsiun
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Huang, G. Steven
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Hung, Yao-Ching
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Bin, Liu
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Liao, Lung-Te
We evaluated the protective effect of Psoralea corylifolia L. (PCL) extract on the ovariectomized (OVX) rat model. The biochemical markers of bone turnover, calcium metabolism, and calcium balance were examined. PCL extract (25 mg or 50 mg/kg body weight/day) was orally administrated to OVX rats for 3 months. PCL extract did not alter weight gain or uterus weight in OVX rats. PCL extract significantly increased serum Ca (calcium) levels (p < 0.05, vs. OVX group) as well as decreased urinary Ca excretion (p < 0.05, vs. OVX group) in OVX rats. The upregulation of serum osteocalcin level by ovariectomy was suppressed by treatment with PCL extract in rats (p < 0.05, vs. OVX group). PCL extract increased bone mineral density at 50 mg/kg body weight/day in OVX rats (p < 0.05, vs. OVX group). Our results indicate that orally administrated PCL extract can decrease urinary calcium excretion and decrease serum osteocalcin in OVX rats, resulting in positive effects on bone mineral density as well as bone formation. In conclusion, our studies showed that PCL might be a potential candidate for treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis.
Size-dependent impairment of cognition in mice caused by the injection of gold nanoparticles
(2010-12-03)
Chen, Yu-Shiun
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Hung, Yao-Ching
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Lin, Li-Wei
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Liau, Ian
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Hong, Meng-Yeng
We explored the size-dependent impairment of cognition in mice caused by the injection of gold nanoparticles (GNPs). GNPs of 17 and 37 nm in diameter were injected intraperitoneally into BALB/c mice at doses ranging from 0.5 to 14.6 mg kg(-1). ICP-MS was performed on brain tissue collected 1, 14 and 21 days after the injection. A passive-avoidance test was performed on day 21. Monoamine levels were determined on day 21. The microscopic distribution of GNPs in the hippocampus was examined using coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) microscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results indicated that 17 nm GNPs passed through the blood-brain barrier more rapidly than 37 nm GNPs. Treatment with 17 nm GNPs decreased the latency time, which was comparable to the effect of scopolamine treatment, while 37 nm GNPs showed no significant effect. Dopamine levels and serotonin levels in the brain were significantly altered by the injection of 17 and 37 nm GNPs. GNPs affected dopaminergic and serotonergic neurons. CARS microscopy indicated that 17 nm GNPs entered the Cornu Ammonis (CA) region of the hippocampus, while 37 nm GNPs were excluded from the CA region. TEM verified the presence of 17 nm GNPs in the cytoplasm of pyramidal cells. In this study, we showed that the ability of GNPs to damage cognition in mice was size-dependent and associated with the ability of the particles to invade the hippocampus. The dosage and duration of the treatment should be taken into account if GNPs are used in the future as vehicles to carry therapeutic agents into the brain.
Swivel-HEPA-ETT (SHE) bougie and HEPA-ETT (HE) methods for safe intubation while managing patients with COVID-19
(2020-05-01)
Lin, Li-Wei
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Hung, Tzu-Yao
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交大名義發表
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National Chiao Tung University
The evaluation of a better intubation strategy when only the epiglottis is visible: a randomized, cross-over mannequin study
(2019-01-10)
Hung, Tzu-Yao
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Lin, Li-Wei
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Yeh, Yu-Hang
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Su, Yung-Cheng
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Lin, Chieh-Hung
BackgroundThe Cormack-Lehane (C-L) grade III airway is considered to be a challenging airway to intubate and is associated with a poor intubation success rate. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the holding position, shapes, bend angles of the endotracheal tube (ET) and the stylet-assisted lifting of the epiglottis could improve the success rate of intubation.MethodsThirty-two participants, 26 physicians, 2 residents, and 4 nurse practitioners, with 12.095.38years of work experience in the emergency department and more than 150 annual intubation events, were enrolled in this randomized, cross-over mannequin study. We investigated the effects of straight-to-cuff ET shapes with 35 degrees and 50 degrees bend angles, banana-shaped ET with longitudinal distances of 28cm and 26cm, two methods of holding the ET (either on the top or in the middle), and lifting or not the epiglottis, on the intubation duration, its success rate, and its subjective difficulty. The aim of the study is to provide optimized intubation strategies for difficult airway with C-L IIb or III grades, when the inlet of the trachea cannot be visualized.ResultsThe two groups that lifted the epiglottis using the stylets, in bend angles of 35 degrees and 50 degrees, had the shortest duration of intubation (23.7514.24s and 20.72 +/- 6.90s, hazard ratios 1.54 and 1.85 with 95% confidence intervals [95% CI] of 1.01-2.34 and 1.23-2.78, respectively) and a 100% success rate in intubations. In the survival analysis, lifting of the epiglottis was the only significant factor (p<0.0001, 95% CI 1.34-2.11) associated with the success rate of intubation.ConclusionsThe use of the epiglottic lift as an adjunctive technique can facilitate the intubation and improve its success rate without increasing procedure difficulty, in C-L III airway, when only the epiglottis is seen.Trial registration ClinicalTrials Registry (https://clincaltrials.gov, identifier NCT03366311).
Thea sinensis melanin prevents cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in mice
(2007-07-01)
Hung, Yao-Ching
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Huang, G. Steven
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Lin, Li-Wei
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Hong, Meng-Yen
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Se, Pei-San
The preventive effect of Thea sinensis melanin (TSM) against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity was studied on ICR mice. Animals were given 20 mg/kg i.p. of cisplatin, and TSM was injected i.p. in doses 10-40 mg/kg 2 h before intoxication. The protective effects were evidenced by a complete inhibition of the cisplatin-induced elevation of serum Blood Urea nitrogen (BUN), prevention of oxidative stress, and complete blockade of cisplatin-induced elevation of serum creatinine. TSM by itself, however, did not affect the renal functional parameters, including serum BUN and creatinine. Real-time RT-PCR was applied to quantify mRNA levels of cisplatin-treated mouse kidney compared to normal mouse kidney for selected marker genes. Cisplatin treatment increases mRNA levels 40-fold for glutathione-S-transferases (Gstp2), 15-fold for soluble epoxide hydrolase (Ephx1), 15-fold for lipocalin 2 (Lcn2), 9-fold for lysozyme (Lyz), 5-fold for UDP glycosyltransferase 2 (Utg2b), 30-fold for survival motor neuron (Smn1), 30-fold for guanidinoacetate methyltransferase (Gamt), 80-fold for urine retinol binding protein (Rbp4), 60-fold for aminopeptidase N (Apn), 60-fold for cytochrome P450 (Cyp2d18), and 100-fold for ornithine aminotransferase (Oat). Pre-administration of TSM restored normal expression of marker genes for cisplatin-treated mouse kidneys. TSM by itself, however, did not affect the transcription for marker genes. Results obtained demonstrate that TSM pre-administration can prevent the renal toxic effects of cisplatin. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.