Browsing by Author "Miller, Michael B."

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Familial Aggregation of Age-Related Hearing Loss in an Epidemiological Study of Older Adults
(2009-12-01)
Raynor, Laura A.
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Pankow, James S.
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Miller, Michael B.
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Huang, Guan-Hua
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Dalton, Dayna
Purpose: To estimate the genetic contributions to presbycusis. Method: Presbycusis was assessed by audiometric measurements at 3 waves of the population-based Epidemiology of Hearing Loss Study (EHLS). Measurements from the most recent hearing examination were used, at which time the subjects (3,510 participants from the EHLS study) were between 48 and 100 years of age. Heritability of presbycusis was estimated using maximum likelihood methods in 973 biological relative pairs from 376 families. Familial aggregation was also evaluated by tetrachoric correlations, odds ratios, and lambda statistics in 594 sibling pairs from 373 sibships. Results: The prevalence of presbycusis conformed to previous research, increasing with age and male sex. Heritability estimates for presbycusis adjusted for age, sex, education level, and exposure to work noise exceeded 50%, and siblings of an affected relative were at 30% higher risk. When stratified by sex, estimates of familial aggregation were higher in women than men. Conclusions: There is evidence that genetic factors contribute to age-related hearing loss in this population-based sample. The familial aggregation is stronger in women than in men.
Familial Aggregation of Olfactory Impairment and Odor Identification in Older Adults
(2010-08-01)
Raynor, Laura A.
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Pankow, James S.
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Cruickshanks, Karen J.
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Schubert, Carla R.
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Miller, Michael B.
Objectives/Hypothesis: The objective of this analysis was to estimate the genetic contributions to olfactory impairment. Study Design: Population based. Methods: Olfactory impairment was measured using the San Diego Odor Identification Test at the 5-year follow-up examination for the population-based Epidemiology of Hearing Loss study. Subjects were classified as impaired if they correctly identified fewer than six out of eight odorants. To reduce confounding by age, analysis was restricted to subjects who were 60 to 79 years of age. Familial aggregation was evaluated by heritability estimates, tetrachoric correlations, and odds ratios in 207 sibling pairs from 135 sibships. Results: The prevalence of olfactory impairment was 20.2% overall and was higher in men. After adjustment for sex, age, and smoking, heritability of olfactory impairment was moderate (h(2) = 0.55), although not statistically significantly different from 0 (P = .09). By contrast, the adjusted heritability estimate for bubble gum, one of the individual odorants, was significant (h(2) = 0.51; P = .01). Conclusions: Genetic factors might contribute to general olfactory impairment in older adults, but the strength of familial aggregation differs for individual odorants, a finding consistent with prior research.
Measuring Taste Impairment in Epidemiologic Studies The Beaver Dam Offspring Study
(2008-10-01)
Cruickshanks, Karen J.
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Schubert, Carla R.
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Snyder, Derek J.
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Bartoshuk, Linda M.
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Acher, Charles W.
Olfactory Impairment in Adults: The Epidemiology of Hearing Loss Study and the Beaver Dam Offspring Study
(2008-10-01)
Schubert, Carla R.
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Cruickshanks, Karen J.
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Murphy, Claire
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Acher, Charles W.
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Huang, Guan-Hua
Pulse-Wave Velocity and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in the Beaver Dam Offspring Study (BOSS) Population
(2009-03-17)
Zhong, Wenjun
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Cruickshanks, Karen J.
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Schubert, Carla
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Javier Nieto, F.
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Pankow, James S.