Browsing by Author "Qu, Zhilin"

Now showing 1 - 2 of 2

Acute reversal of phospholamban inhibition facilitates the rhythmic whole-cell propagating calcium waves in isolated ventricular myocytes
(2015-03-01)
Chan, Yi-Hsin
;
Tsai, Wei-Chung
;
Song, Zhen
;
Ko, Christopher Y.
;
Qu, Zhilin
Phospholamban (PLB) inhibits the activity of cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA2a). Phosphorylation of PLB during sympathetic activation reverses SERCA2a inhibition, increasing SR Ca2+ uptake. However, sympathetic activation also modulates multiple other intracellular targets in ventricular myocytes (VMs), making it impossible to determine the specific effects of the reversal of PLB inhibition on the spontaneous SR Ca2+ release. Therefore, it remains unclear how PLB regulates rhythmic activity in VMs. Here, we used the Fab fragment of 2D12, a monoclonal anti-PLB antibody, to test how acute reversal of PLB inhibition affects the spontaneous SR Ca2+ release in normal VMs. Ca2+ sparks and spontaneous Ca2+ waves (SCWs) were recorded in the line-scan mode of confocal microscopy using the Ca2+ fluorescent dye Fluo-4 in isolated permeabilized mouse VMs. Fab, which reverses PLB inhibition, significantly increased the frequency, amplitude, and spatial/temporal spread of Ca2+ sparks in VMs exposed to 50 nM free [Ca2+]. At physiological diastolic free [Ca2+] (100-200 nM), Fab facilitated the formation of whole-cell propagating SCWs. At higher free [Ca2+], Fab increased the frequency and velocity, but decreased the decay time of the SCWs. cAMP had little additional effect on the frequency or morphology of Ca2+ sparks or SCWs after Fab addition. These findings were complemented by computer simulations. In conclusion, acute reversal of PLB inhibition alone significantly increased the spontaneous SR Ca2+ release, leading to the facilitation and organization of whole-cell propagating SCWs in normal VMs. PLB thus plays a key role in subcellular Ca2+ dynamics and rhythmic activity of VMs. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Concomitant SK current activation and sodium current inhibition cause J wave syndrome
(2018-11-15)
Chen, Mu
;
Xu, Dong-Zhu
;
Wu, Adonis Z.
;
Guo, Shuai
;
Wan, Juyi
The mechanisms of J wave syndrome (JWS) are incompletely understood. Here, we showed that the concomitant activation of small-conductance calcium-activated potassium (SK) current (I-KAS) and inhibition of sodium current by cyclohexyl-[2-(3,5-dimethyl-pyrazol-1-yl)-6-methyl-pyrimidin-4-yl]-amine (CyPPA) recapitulate the phenotypes of JWS in Langendorff-perfused rabbit hearts. CyPPA induced significant J wave elevation and frequent spontaneous ventricular fibrillation (SVF), as well as sinus bradycardia, atrioventricular block, and intraventricular conduction delay. I-KAS activation by CyPPA resulted in heterogeneous shortening of action potential (AP) duration (APD) and repolarization alternans. CyPPA inhibited cardiac sodium current (I-Na) and decelerated AP upstroke and intracellular calcium transient. SVFs were typically triggered by short-coupled premature ventricular contractions, initiated with phase 2 reentry and originated more frequently from the right than the left ventricles. Subsequent I-KAS blockade by apamin reduced J wave elevation and eliminated SVF. beta-Adrenergic stimulation was antiarrhythmic in CyPPA-induced electrical storm. Like CyPPA, hypothermia (32.0 degrees C) also induced J wave elevation and SVF. It facilitated negative calcium-voltage coupling and phase 2 repolarization alternans with spatial and electromechanical discordance, which were ameliorated by apamin. These findings suggest that I-KAS activation contributes to the development of JWS in rabbit ventricles.