Browsing by Author "Sung, Shihwu"

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Effect of zinc on anammox activity and performance of simultaneous partial nitrification, anammox and denitrification (SNAD) process
(2014-08-01)
Daverey, Achlesh
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Chen, Yi-Chian
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Sung, Shihwu
;
Lin, Jih-Gaw
;
環境工程研究所
In the present study, short-term effects of zinc on anammox activities and long-term effect of zinc on the performance of simultaneous partial nitrification, anammox and denitrification (SNAD) process were evaluated. The anammox activity decreased with increasing zinc concentration and exposure time in short-term tests. The IC50 value of zinc was found to be 6.9 mg/L. However, the presence of zinc (<10 mg/L) in wastewater stimulated the microbial activities and nitrogen removal performance of SNAD process in sequencing batch biofilm reactor (SBBR). At first, inhibition of SNAD process was observed when influent zinc concentration increased to 20 mg/L. The system recovered immediately, suggesting the acclimatization of microbial communities of SNAD process. The results showed that SBBR was well acclimatized under high zinc concentration (50-100 mg/L) achieving 98% NH4+-N, 96% TN and 87% COD removal efficiencies. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Fast start-up, performance and microbial community in a pilot-scale anammox reactor seeded with exotic mature granules
(2011-02-01)
Ni, Shou-Qing
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Gao, Bao-Yu
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Wang, Chih-Cheng
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Lin, Jih-Gaw
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Sung, Shihwu
The possibility to introduce the exotic anammox sludge to seed the pilot-scale anammox granular reactor and its fast start-up for treating high nitrogen concentration wastewater were evaluated in this study. The reactor was started up successfully in two weeks; in addition, high nitrogen removal was achieved for a long period. Stoichiometry molar ratios of nitrite conversion and nitrate production to ammonium conversion were calculated to be 1.26 +/- 0.02:1 and 0.26 +/- 0.01:1, respectively. The Stover-Kincannon model which was first applied in granular anammox process indicated that the granular anammox reactor possessed high nitrogen removal potential of 27.8 kg/m(3)/d. The anammox granules in the reactor were characterized via microscope observation and fluorescence in situ hybridization technique. Moreover, the microbial community of the granules was quantified to be composed of 91.4-92.4% anammox bacteria by real-time polymerase chain reaction. This pilot study can elucidate further information for industrial granular anammox application. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Partial nitrification and anammox process: A method for high strength optoelectronic industrial wastewater treatment
(2013-06-01)
Daverey, Achlesh
;
Su, Sin-Han
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Huang, Yu-Tzu
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Chen, Shiou-Shiou
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Sung, Shihwu
Completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite (CANON) process was employed in an 18 L sequencing batch reactor (SBR) for treatment of optoelectronic industrial wastewater containing high strength ammonium nitrogen (3712 +/- 120 mg NH4+ - N L-1). About 89% of total nitrogen and 98% of NH4+ - N removal efficiencies were observed at the loading rate of 909 g N m(-3) d(-1) and the HRT of 4 d. A profound variation in the performance of CANON process was experienced at high DO exposure (above 1 mg L-1) and high nitrite concentration (above 100 mg L-1). Inhibition due to high DO exposure was found to be reversible phenomenon whereas the synergistic inhibition of nitrite, free ammonia and free nitrous acid was irreversible. The fluctuation of reactor temperature between 17 and 37 degrees C did not affect the performance of CANON system. The CANON process was stably controlled at high nitrogen loading rate for more than one month. The co-existence of aerobic and anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria in the reactor was detected by The PCR analysis. About 5 fold increase in amount of anammox bacteria over a period of 258 days was confirmed from the results of qPCR on day 487. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Simultaneous partial nitrification, anaerobic ammonium oxidation and denitrification (SNAD) in a full-scale landfill-leachate treatment plant
(2010-03-15)
Wang, Chih-Cheng
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Lee, Po-Heng
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Kumar, Mathava
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Huang, Yu-Tzu
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Sung, Shihwu
The occurrence of simultaneous partial nitrification, anaerobic ammonium oxidation and denitrification (SNAD) observed in a single Partially aerated full-scale bioreactor treating landfill-leachate is reported in his paper. At present, the full-scale bioreactor is treating an average leachate flow of 304 m(3) d(-1) with a sludge retention time between 12 and 18 d. The average COD, NH(4)(+)-N and NO(3)(-)-N concentrations at the upstream end of the bioreactor. i.e., influent, are 554, 634 and 3 mg L(-1), respectively; whereas no NO(2)(-)-N is detected in the influent. The percentage removals of COD and NH(4)(+)-N in the bioreactor were 28% and 80%, respectively. A nitrogen mass balance approach was adopted to analyze the performance of SNAD in the full-scale bioreactor. The total nitrogen (TN) removal by combined partial nitrification and anaerobic ammonium oxidation is 68% and the heterotrophic denitrification contributes to 8% and 23% of TN and COD removals, respectively. The red granule in the bioreactor was analyzed by using fluorescence in situ hybridization and polymerase chain reaction. The results of both analytical methods confirm the presence of anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria as the predominant species along with other Planctomycete-like bacteria. Overall, the SNAD process offers the simultaneous removals of nitrogen and COD in the wastewater. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Treatment of campus domestic wastewater using ambient-temperature anaerobic fluidized membrane bioreactors with zeolites as carriers
(2019-01-01)
Chen, Wen-Hsing
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Tsai, Cheng-Yu
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Chen, Shen-Yi
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Sung, Shihwu
;
Lin, Jih-Gaw
An anaerobic fluidized-bed bioreactor (AFBR) connected with an anaerobic fluidized membrane bioreactor (AFMBR) in series with natural zeolites as carriers was used to treat the campus domestic wastewater (chemical oxygen demand (COD) of 130 +/- 38 mg/L) at ambient temperature (20-35 degrees C) in this study. Results indicate that the attached growth of anaerobic microbes was observed on the surface of zeolite and 95% of COD were removed in the AFBR after 30 days of batch operation. When the AFBR-AFMBR system was run with a HRT from 3 to 4 h, the COD, biochemical oxygen demand (ROD), and suspended solid (SS) were removed by 84, 87, and 96%, respectively, with the corresponding effluent COD, BOD, and SS of 20, 8, and 2 mg/L, respectively. Overall, 41% of the COD removal was attributed to coupling with sulfate reduction by sulfate-reducing bacteria in this study. In the AFMBR, the transmembrane pressure remained lower than 0.2 bar at the membrane flux of 10 L/m(2)-h. The membrane module was operated consecutively for 333 days without chemical cleaning. In addition, the maximum substrate utilization rate of 37 g/L-d determined based on the modified Stover-Kincannon equation elucidates that the organics in the campus domestic wastewater were readily biodegraded. This facilitated the AFBR-AFMBR system removing the organics to the levels lower than the discharging limits.
Treatment of semiconductor wastewater using single-stage partial nitrification and anammox in a pilot-scale reactor
(2016-06)
Liang, Ying-Chang
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Daverey, Achlesh
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Huang, Yu-Tzu
;
Sung, Shihwu
;
Lin, Jih-Gaw
Start-up of pilot scale reactor to treat real semiconductor wastewater is reported in this study. Semiconductor industrial wastewater stream was characterized as highly alkaline (pH 10) and contained high concentration of H2O2 of 311 +/- 505 mg/L, ammonium nitrogen of 318 +/- 122 NH4+-N mg/L and negligible COD of <10 mg/L. H2O2 was removed by adding enzyme "REYONET F-35" and H2SO4. Before the H2O2-free wastewater is fed to the biological reactor, the pH is adjusted to similar to 7.0. Completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite (CANON) process was cultivated in a 1.0 m(3) pilot-scale sequencing batch reactor by using enzyme pretreated semiconductor wastewater without temperature control. The nitrogen loading rate was increased step-wise from 94 to 665 g NH4+-N/m(3) d. The average NH4+-N and total nitrogen removal efficiencies were 85.5 and 75.7%, respectively at NLR of 665 g NH4+-N/m(3) d and HRT of 4 d. The pilot reactor was successfully started up and operated for more than 550 d. The CANON was evidenced by the ratio of the effluent nitrite and nitrate to ammonium ratio (eta) of 0.076 during the steady state operation period. PCR results also confirmed the presence of AOB (aerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria) and anammox (anaerobic ammonia oxidizing) bacteria in the reactor. (C) 2016 Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.