Browsing by Author "Tsai, Tsung-Lin"

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A 501mW 7.61Gb/s Integrated Message-Passing Detector and Decoder for Polar-Coded Massive MIMO Systems
(2017-01-01)
Chen, Yan-Tong
;
Cheng, Chung-Chao
;
Tsai, Tsung-Lin
;
Sun, Wei-Cheng
;
Ueng, Yeong-Luh
This work presents the first integration of a message-passing detector (MPD) and a polar decoder. A soft-output MPD, which is essential to approach the channel capacity, is first proposed. Compared to the state-of-the-art design, the proposed MPD achieves a 6.9x higher throughput with 49% lower energy, despite the soft outputs. The proposed polar decoder achieves a 1.35x higher throughput with comparable energy. The chip delivers a throughput of 7.61Gb/s for massive MIMO systems with up to 128 antennas and 32 users.
An Integrated Message-Passing Detector and Decoder for Polar-Coded Massive MU-MIMO Systems
(2019-03-01)
Chen, Yan-Tong
;
Sun, Wei-Cheng
;
Cheng, Chung-Chao
;
Tsai, Tsung-Lin
;
Ueng, Yeong-Luh
For a coded massive multi-user multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system, a soft-output MIMO detector is essential since it can provide a significant coding gain, e.g., 3 dB, compared with a hard-output detector. However, the computational complexity of the soft-output MIMO detector is usually much greater than that of the hard-output detector. This paper presents the first soft-output message-passing detector (MPD), which is also integrated with a high-throughput polar decoder. The algorithm and architecture are designed concurrently to improve the hardware performance. The proposed techniques, including the adaptive variance estimation and reliable symbol detection, reduce the complexity of the MPD by 98.3%, and enable soft output for the outer polar decoder. Compared to the state-of-the-art hard-output design, the proposed MPD achieves a 5.86x higher throughput-to-area ratio (TAR) with 54.3% lower energy dissipation, despite the soft output. The proposed bidirectional-propagation belief propagation decoder is devised to reduce the critical path and to increase the throughput. The proposed polar decoder can improve the TAR by 35% with a comparable area and energy compared with the state-of-theart polar decoder. A polar-coded massive MIMO receiver that supports a length-1024 rate-1/2 polar code, 128 receive antennas, and eight users is designed and implemented, and delivers a throughput of 7.61 Gb/s.
Detecting HER2 on Cancer Cells by TiO(2) Spheres Mile Scattering
(2009-09-15)
Tsai, Min-Chiao
;
Tsai, Tsung-Lin
;
Shieh, Dar-Bin
;
Chiu, Hsin-Tien
;
Lee, Chi-Young
This work is the first to describe a bioimaging method that uses highly uniformly sized TiO(2) submicrometer and micrometer spheres based on Mie scattering. Transmembrane proteins (HER2) located on the surface of cancer cells were detected by bonded antibody-linked TiO(2) spheres using optic microscopy and UV-vis spectroscopy. A particular HER2 bond on cancer cells, which has a weaker binding affinity than the biotin/avidin interaction, can be identified between TiO(2) spheres that are linked to anti-HER2 antibodies and those that are linked to nonspecific mouse IgG antibodies by observing the cells under an optical microscope or by measuring absorbance from a UV-vis spectrum. The TiO(2) spheres used in this work was prepared by reacting TTIP with carboxylic acid, as described elsewhere and the uniformity of the TiO(2) sphere was further improved by adjusting the amount of water used. The water content was inversely related to particle size and the size distribution: as more water was used, smaller spheres with a narrower size distribution were obtained. The most uniform sphere obtained had a diameter of about 1 mu m with a size variation of 3%.
Detecting HER2 on Cancer Cells by TiO2 Spheres Mile Scattering
(2009-09-15)
Tsai, Min-Chiao
;
Tsai, Tsung-Lin
;
Shieh, Dar-Bin
;
Chiu, Hsin-Tien
;
Lee, Chi-Young
This work is the first to describe a bioimaging method that uses highly uniformly sized TiO2 submicrometer and micrometer spheres based on Mie scattering. Transmembrane proteins (HER2) located on the surface of cancer cells were detected by bonded antibody-linked TiO2 spheres using optic microscopy and UV-vis spectroscopy. A particular HER2 bond on cancer cells, which has a weaker binding affinity than the biotin/avidin interaction, can be identified between TiO2 spheres that are linked to anti-HER2 antibodies and those that are linked to nonspecific mouse IgG antibodies by observing the cells under an optical microscope or by measuring absorbance from a UV-vis spectrum. The TiO2 spheres used in this work was prepared by reacting TTIP with carboxylic acid, as described elsewhere and the uniformity of the TiO2 sphere was further improved by adjusting the amount of water used. The water content was inversely related to particle size and the size distribution: as more water was used, smaller spheres with a narrower size distribution were obtained. The most uniform sphere obtained had a diameter of about 1 mu m with a size variation of 3%.