Browsing by Author "Wang, W. L."

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Environmental Issues for Cities in China: SO(2) Emissions and Population Distribution
(2009-01-01)
Chang, C. M.
;
Wang, W. L.
;
Hu, J. L.
;
經營管理研究所
;
Institute of Business and Management
In this paper we establish a number of environmental indices to rate the green efficiency of cities in China, while at the same time using them to discuss two problems in China: emissions of sulfur dioxide (SO(2)) and population distribution. The indices used in this paper have never been implemented in the literature. From them, we can understand the level of environmental protection in China and be better equipped to improve the country's environmental pollution, We also use macroeconomic data in this paper, and draw Valuable conclusions. The data cover 1998 to 2003. All nominal variables are transformed into real variables based oil 1998 price levels using the GDP deflator. To the best of our knowledge, China's eastern cities have the most prosperous economics in China. However, their overall green efficiency Value is inferior to that of the central cities. We further find that no city has a Population that exceeds the optimal population target value. This is all astonishing finding. The eastern cities' emissions of SO(2) are the highest and their additional population capacity is the lowest. The overall performance of the central cities of China is therefore superior to that of the eastern cities. Finally, we also find that the development between the eastern and western areas of China is balanced.
Environmental Issues for Cities in China: SO2 Emissions and Population Distribution
(2009-01-01)
Chang, C. M.
;
Wang, W. L.
;
Hu, J. L.
;
經營管理研究所
;
Institute of Business and Management
In this paper we establish a number of environmental indices to rate the green efficiency of cities in China, while at the same time using them to discuss two problems in China: emissions of sulfur dioxide (SO2) and population distribution. The indices used in this paper have never been implemented in the literature. From them, we can understand the level of environmental protection in China and be better equipped to improve the country's environmental pollution, We also use macroeconomic data in this paper, and draw Valuable conclusions. The data cover 1998 to 2003. All nominal variables are transformed into real variables based oil 1998 price levels using the GDP deflator. To the best of our knowledge, China's eastern cities have the most prosperous economics in China. However, their overall green efficiency Value is inferior to that of the central cities. We further find that no city has a Population that exceeds the optimal population target value. This is all astonishing finding. The eastern cities' emissions of SO2 are the highest and their additional population capacity is the lowest. The overall performance of the central cities of China is therefore superior to that of the eastern cities. Finally, we also find that the development between the eastern and western areas of China is balanced.
Optical characteristics of a-plane ZnO/Zn(0.8)Mg(0.2)O multiple quantum wells grown by pulsed laser deposition
(2010-10-01)
Ko, T. S.
;
Lu, T. C.
;
Zhuo, L. F.
;
Wang, W. L.
;
Liang, M. H.
We reported optical properties of a-plane ZnO/ZnMgO multiple quantum wells (MQWs) structure grown by the pulse laser deposition system. The emission peak energy of a-plane ZnO/ZnMgO MQWs kept invariant in the power-dependent photoluminescence (PL) measurement, indicating the nonpolar characteristics due to the lack of built-in electric fields. Large exciton binding energy of 68 meV was deduced and no apparent S-curve appeared in temperature-dependent PL results, demonstrating less carrier localization effect in a-plane ZnO/ZnMgO MQWs. Large difference in electronic transition levels of 45 meV due to the valence band splitting was observed in the polarization dependent absorption spectrum. Furthermore, the high degree of polarization of 92% and 56% at 20 and 300 K in PL emission of a-plane ZnO/ZnMgO MQWs were obtained. (C) 2010 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3488898]
Optical characteristics of a-plane ZnO/Zn0.8Mg0.2O multiple quantum wells grown by pulsed laser deposition
(2010-10-01)
Ko, T. S.
;
Lu, T. C.
;
Zhuo, L. F.
;
Wang, W. L.
;
Liang, M. H.
We reported optical properties of a-plane ZnO/ZnMgO multiple quantum wells (MQWs) structure grown by the pulse laser deposition system. The emission peak energy of a-plane ZnO/ZnMgO MQWs kept invariant in the power-dependent photoluminescence (PL) measurement, indicating the nonpolar characteristics due to the lack of built-in electric fields. Large exciton binding energy of 68 meV was deduced and no apparent S-curve appeared in temperature-dependent PL results, demonstrating less carrier localization effect in a-plane ZnO/ZnMgO MQWs. Large difference in electronic transition levels of 45 meV due to the valence band splitting was observed in the polarization dependent absorption spectrum. Furthermore, the high degree of polarization of 92% and 56% at 20 and 300 K in PL emission of a-plane ZnO/ZnMgO MQWs were obtained. (C) 2010 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3488898]