Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2013-08-12"

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Multi-functional stacked light-trapping structure for stabilizing and boosting solar-electricity efficiency of hydrogenated amorphous silicon solar cells
(2013-08-12)
Huang, Wen-Hsien
;
Shieh, Jia-Min
;
Pan, Fu-Ming
;
Shen, Chang-Hong
;
Huang, Jung Y.
A sandwiched light-trapping electrode structure, which consists of a capping aluminum-doped ZnO (AZO) layer, dispersed plasmonic Au-nanoparticles (Au-NPs), and a micro-structured transparent conductive substrate, is employed to stabilize and boost the conversion-efficiency of hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) solar cells. The conformal AZO ultrathin layer (5 nm) smoothened the Au-NP-dispersed electrode surface, thereby reducing defects across the AZO/a-Si:H interface and resulting in a high resistance to photo-degradation in the ultraviolet-blue photoresponse band. With the plasmonic light-trapping structure, the cell has a high conversion-efficiency of 10.1% and the photo-degradation is as small as 7%. (C) 2013 AIP Publishing LLC.
Chemo-, Regio- and Stereoselective Tricyclohexylphosphine-Catalyzed [3+2] Cycloaddition of Enynes with [60]Fullerene Initiated by 1,4-Michael Addition: Synthesis of Cyclopenteno[60]fullerenes and their Electrochemical Properties
(2013-08-12)
Tseng, Po-Yen
;
Chuang, Shih-Ching
;
應用化學系
;
Department of Applied Chemistry
Herein we demonstrate a tricyclohexylphosphine-catalyzed cycloaddition of (E)- or (Z)-alkyl 5-substituted phenylpent-2-en-4-ynoates with [60]fullerene to give cyclopentenofullerenes in good to excellent yields, through initial chemo- and regioselective 1,4-addition of phosphines at the -carbon of the enyne substrates. The nucleophilic addition pattern of P(cHx)(3) is found to be different from that of Gilman or Grignard reagents toward the studied enynes. The resulting cyclopentenofullerenes, characterized with spectrometric methods and single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis, exhibit comparable or higher LUMO energy levels than a typical n-type material, [6,6]-phenyl-C-61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM).
Exciton wave function localization and exciton diamagnetic coefficient in semiconductor quantum rings without reflection symmetry
(2013-08-12)
Voskoboynikov, Oleksandr
;
Chiu, W. T.
;
Thu, L. M.
;
電子工程學系及電子研究所
;
Department of Electronics Engineering and Institute of Electronics
We theoretically study how reflection asymmetry affects the neutral exciton diamagnetic coefficient in self-assembled InGaAs/GaAs semiconductor wobbled quantum rings. The previously proposed mapping method is used to simulate the exciton wave function and energy in the rings. The description is suited to clarify the important question of the exciton diamagnetic coefficient stability in the rings with broken reflection symmetry. Our simulation results confirm that the exciton wave function of the reflection symmetrical (balanced) wobbled ring is distributed equally over two potential valleys corresponding to the hills in the ring's shape. At the same time, even a very small reflectional imbalance in the geometry and (or) material content of the wobbled rings destroys the ringlike shape of the exciton wave function and causes the localization of the function in one of the potential valleys of the ring (dotlike shape of the exciton wave function). This leads to a rapid decrease of the exciton diamagnetic coefficient. Our calculation results are in good agreement with recent experimental observations.
Microtubule-Associated Type II Protein Kinase A Is Important for Neurite Elongation
(2013-08-13)
Huang, Yung-An
;
Kao, Jun-Wei
;
Tseng, Dion Tzu-Huan
;
Chen, Wen-Shin
;
Chiang, Ming-Han
Neuritogenesis is a process through which neurons generate their widespread axon and dendrites. The microtubule cytoskeleton plays crucial roles throughout neuritogenesis. Our previous study indicated that the amount of type II protein kinase A (PKA) on microtubules significantly increased upon neuronal differentiation and neuritogenesis. While the overall pool of PKA has been shown to participate in various neuronal processes, the function of microtubule-associated PKA during neuritogenesis remains largely unknown. First, we showed that PKA localized to microtubule-based region in different neurons. Since PKA is essential for various cellular functions, globally inhibiting PKA activity will causes a wide variety of phenotypes in neurons. To examine the function of microtubule-associated PKA without changing the total PKA level, we utilized the neuron-specific PKA anchoring protein MAP2. Overexpressing the dominant negative MAP2 construct that binds to type II PKA but cannot bind to the microtubule cytoskeleton in dissociated hippocampal neurons removed PKA from microtubules and resulted in compromised neurite elongation. In addition, we demonstrated that the association of PKA with microtubules can also enhance cell protrusion using the non-neuronal P19 cells. Overexpressing a MAP2 deletion construct which does not target PKA to the microtubule cytoskeleton caused non-neuronal cells to generate shorter cell protrusions than control cells overexpressing wild-type MAP2 that anchors PKA to microtubules. Finally, we demonstrated that the ability of microtubule-associated PKA to promote protrusion elongation was independent of MAP2 phosphorylation. This suggests other proteins in close proximity to the microtubule cytoskeleton are involved in this process.
Electrostatic discharge protection device
(2013-08-13)
Huang Yeh-Jen
;
Jou Yeh-Ning
;
Ker Ming-Dou
;
Chen Wen-Yi
;
Hung Chia-Wei
An electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection device including a substrate, a first doped region, a second doped region, and a third doped region, a gate and a plurality of contacts is disclosed. The substrate includes a first conductive type. The first doped region is formed in the substrate and includes a second conductive type. The second doped region is formed in the substrate and includes the second conductive type. The third doped region is formed in the substrate, includes the first conductive type and is located between the first and the second doped regions. The gate is formed on the substrate, located between the first and the second doped regions and comprises a first through hole. The contacts pass through the first through hole to contact with the third doped region.
Vehicle license plate recognition method and system thereof
(2013-08-13)
Hsieh Jun-Wei
;
Chen Sin Yu
A vehicle license plate recognition method and a system thereof are disclosed. A region where a vehicle license plate image exists is detected according to the edge densities of an input image and a vehicle license plate specification. A text area of the vehicle license plate image is divided into a plurality of character images. The character images are binarized to obtain a plurality of binarized character images. A plurality of characters is recognized from the binarized character images. The characters are recombined to form a character string. The abovementioned steps are repeated to obtain a new character string from another image of the same vehicle, which is captured at a next time point. The character string is compared with the new character string character by character to obtain a comparison result for verifying reliability of recognition through a voting technique.
Porous Polymer Nanostructures Fabricated by the Surface-Induced Phase Separation of Polymer Solutions in Anodic Aluminum Oxide Templates
(2013-08-13)
Wei, Tzu-Hui
;
Chi, Mu-Huan
;
Tsai, Chia-Chan
;
Ko, Hao-Wen
;
Chen, Jiun-Tai
We study the formation of porous polymer nanostructures fabricated by the surface-induced phase separation of polymer solutions in anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) templates. Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and tetrahydrofuran (THF) are used to investigate the evolution process of the surface-induced phase separation. With the longer immersion time of the AAO template in the polymer solution, the size of the solvent-rich droplet is increased by the coarsening process, resulting in the formation of porous polymer nanostructures. The coarsening mechanism is further evaluated by changing the experimental parameters including the immersion time, the polymer concentration, the polymer molecular weight, and the solvent quality. Under conditions in which polymer solutions have higher viscosities, the coarsening process is slowed down and the formation of the porous nanostructures is prohibited. The prevention of the porous nanostructures can also be realized by adding water to the PMMA/THF solution before the immersion process.
Bonding method for three-dimensional integrated circuit and three-dimensional integrated circuit thereof
(2013-08-13)
Chen Kuan-Neng
;
Hsu Sheng-Yao
The present invention discloses a bonding method for a three-dimensional integrated circuit and the three-dimensional integrated circuit thereof. The bonding method comprises the steps of: providing a substrate; depositing a film layer on the substrate; providing a light source to light onto the film layer to form a graphic structure; forming a metal co-deposition layer by a first metal and a second metal that are co-deposited on the film layer; providing a first integrated circuit having the substrate, the film layer and the metal co-deposition layer sequentially; providing a second integrated circuit that having the metal co-deposition layer, the film layer and the substrate sequentially; and the first integrated circuit is bonded with the second integrated circuit at a predetermined temperature to form a three-dimensional integrated circuit.
Sharp variation in coercivity and magnetic interactions in patterned CoxNi1-x nanoarrays
(2013-08-14)
Yang, Chao-Yao
;
Wang, Liang-Wei
;
Chen, Po-An
;
Lin, Hong-Ji
;
Lai, Chih-Huang
We present a study concerning the unexpectedly large coercivity increase and associated magneto-structural properties of CoxNi1-x patterned arrays. An increase in x led to an face-center-cubic (FCC)-> hexagonal-close-packed (HCP) transition in CoxNi1-x arrays, accompanied by a 6-fold increase in coercivity and strong 3d exchange interactions probed by x-ray magnetic circular dichroism. Sum-rule analysis revealed that orbital moment involved very little in the variable coercivity and magnetic anisotropy; this is distinct from other nanostructures displaying variable coercivity. The sharp rise in coercivity can be attributed to the geometrical confinement of the arrays, causing the microstructure of the nano-clusters to switch magnetization reversal mechanism from fanning to coherent with increasing x, based on the chain-of-spheres model. First-order-reversal curves revealed that the FCC and HCP arrays comprised both soft and hard ferromagnetic components; however, the soft component of the FCC was much more pronounced, leading to differences in reversibility. This type of nanostructure provides a sharp control of magnetic hardness that could be tailored in related technologies. (C) 2013 AIP Publishing LLC.
Efficiency Enhancement of PEDOT:PSS/Si Hybrid Solar Cells by Using Nanostructured Radial Junction and Antireflective Surface
(2013-08-14)
Chen, Jheng-Yuan
;
Con, Celal
;
Yu, Ming-Hung
;
Cui, Bo
;
Sun, Kien Wen
We demonstrate the implementation of a hybrid solar cell that comprises a surface nanostructured n-type Si and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate). The Si surface before deposition of the organic layer was nanostructured by using CsCl self-assembled nanoparticles as a hard mask and dry etching to form radial junction architectures and enhance light diffusion and absorption. Apart from the textured Si surface, processing parameters such as from metal-electrode shadow ratio, spin-coating rate, and surfactant addition were properly adjusted to improve overall cell performance. Our hybrid solar cells achieve the best performance under optimized cell parameters with a power conversion efficiency of 8.84% and short-circuit current density of 30.5 mA/cm(2). This combined technique provides a simple, scalable, and cost-effective process for fabricating hybrid solar cells.
Synthesis of Apolipoprotein B Lipoparticles to Deliver Hydrophobic/Amphiphilic Materials
(2013-08-14)
Chu, Hsueh-Liang
;
Cheng, Tsai-Mu
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Chen, Hung-Wei
;
Chou, Fu-Hsuan
;
Chang, Yu-Chuan
To develop a drug delivery system (DDS), it is critical to address challenging tasks such as the delivery of hydrophobic and amphiphilic compounds, cell uptake, and the metabolic fate of the drug delivery carrier. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) has been acknowledged as the human serum transporter of natively abundant lipoparticles such as cholesterol, triacylglycerides, and lipids. Apolipoprotein B (apo B) is the only protein contained in LDL, and possesses a binding moiety for the LDL receptor that can be internalized and degraded naturally by the cell. Therefore, synthetic/reconstituting apoB lipoparticle (rABL) could be an excellent delivery carrier for hydrophobic or amphiphilic materials. Here, we synthesized rABL in vitro, using full-length apoB through a five-step solvent exchange method, and addressed its potential as a DDS. Our rABL exhibited good biocompatibility when evaluated with cytotoxicity and cell metabolic response assays, and was stable during storage in phosphate-buffered saline at 4 degrees C for several months. Furthermore, hydrophobic superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONPs) and the anticancer drug M4N (tetra-O-methyl nordihydroguaiaretic acid), used as an imaging enhancer and lipophilic drug model, respectively, were incorporated into the rABL, leading to the formation of SPIONPs- and M4N- containing rABL (SPIO@rABL and M4N@rABL, respectively). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy suggested that rABL has a similar composition to that of LDL, and successfully incorporated SPIONPs or M4N. SPIO@rABL presented significant hepatic contrast enhancement in T-2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging in BALB/c mice, suggesting its potential application as a medical imaging contrast agent. M4N@rABL could reduce the viability of the cancer cell line A549. Interestingly, we developed solution-phase high-resolution transmission electron microscopy to observe both LDL and SPIO@rABL in the liquid state. In summary, our LDL-based DDS, rABL, has significant potential as a novel DDS for hydrophobic and amphiphilic materials, with good cell internalization properties and metabolicity.
Investigations on Diamond Nanostructuring of Different Morphologies by the Reactive-Ion Etching Process and Their Potential Applications
(2013-08-14)
Kunuku, Srinivasu
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Sankaran, Kamatchi Jothiramalingam
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Tsai, Cheng-Yen
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Chang, Wen-Hao
;
Tai, Nyan-Hwa
We report the systematic studies on the fabrication of aligned, uniform, and highly dense diamond nanostructures from diamond films of various granular structures. Self-assembled Au nanodots are used as a mask in the self-biased reactive-ion etching (RIE) process, using an O-2/CF4 process plasma. The morphology of diamond nanostructures is a close function of the initial phase composition of diamond. Cone-shaped and tip-shaped diamond nanostructures result for microcrystalline diamond (MCD) and nanocrystalline diamond (NCD) films, whereas pillarlike and grasslike diamond nanostructures are obtained for Ar-plasma-based and N-2-plasma-based ultrananocrystalline diamond (UNCD) films, respectively. While the nitrogen-incorporated UNCD (N-UNCD) nanograss shows the most-superior electron-field-emission properties, the NCD nanotips exhibit the best photoluminescence properties, viz, different applications need different morphology of diamond nanostructures to optimize the respective characteristics. The optimum diamond nanostructure can be achieved by proper choice of granular structure of the initial diamond film. The etching mechanism is explained by in situ observation of optical emission spectrum of RIE plasma. The preferential etching of sp(2)-bonded carbon contained in the diamond films is the prime factor, which forms the unique diamond nanostructures from each type of diamond films. However, the excited oxygen atoms (O*) are the main etching species of diamond film.
Solving large-scale nonlinear matrix equations by doubling
(2013-08-15)
Weng, Peter Chang-Yi
;
Chu, Eric King-Wah
;
Kuo, Yueh-Cheng
;
Lin, Wen-Wei
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應用數學系
We consider the solution of the large-scale nonlinear matrix equation X + BX-1 A - Q = 0, with A, B, Q, X is an element of C-nxn, and in some applications B = A(star) (star = T or H). The matrix Q is assumed to be nonsingular and sparse with its structure allowing the solution of the corresponding linear system Qv = r in O(n) computational complexity. Furthermore, B and A are respectively of ranks ra, rb << n. The type 2 structure-preserving doubling algorithm by Lin and Xu (2006) [241 is adapted, with the appropriate applications of the Sherman-Morrison-Woodbury formula and the lowrank updates of various iterates. Two resulting large-scale doubling algorithms have an O((r(a) + r(b))(3)) computational complexity per iteration, after some pre-processing of data in O(n) computational complexity and memory requirement, and converge quadratically. These are illustrated by the numerical examples. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Effect of Roaming Transition States upon Product Branching in the Thermal Decomposition of CH3NO2
(2013-08-15)
Zhu, R. S.
;
Raghunath, P.
;
Lin, M. C.
;
應用化學系分子科學碩博班
;
Institute of Molecular science
The kinetics for the thermal unimolecular decomposition of CH3NO2 and its structural isomer CH3ONO have been investigated by statistical theory calculations based on the potential energy surface calculated at the UCCSD(T)/CBS and CASPT3(8, 8)/6-311+G(3df,2p) levels. Our results show that for the decomposition of CH3NO2 at pressures less than 2 Torr, isomerization to CH3ONO via the recently located roaming transition state is dominant in the entire temperature range studied, 400-3000 K. However, at higher pressures, the formation of the commonly assumed products, CH3 + NO2, becomes competitive and at pressures higher than 200 Torr the production of CH3 + NO2 is exclusive. The predicted rate constants for 760 Torr and the high-pressure limit with Ar as diluent in the temperature range 500-3000 K, producing solely CH3 + NO2, can be expressed respectively by k(d)(760)(CH3NO2) = 2.94 x 10(55)T(-12.6) exp(-35500/T) s(-1) and k(d)(infinity)(CH3NO2) = 5.88 x 10(24)T(-235) exp(-31400/T) s(-1). In the low pressure limit, the decomposition reaction takes place exclusively via the roaming TS producing internally excited CH3ONO, giving rise to both CH3O + NO and CH2O + HNO with the second-order rate constant k(d)(0)(CH3NO2) = 1.17 x 10(31)T(-10.94) exp(-32400/T) cm(3) molecule(-1) s(-1). For CH3ONO decomposition, a new roaming transition state connecting to the CH2O + HNO products has been located, lying 6.8 kcal/mol below the well-known four-member ring tight transition state and 0.7 kcal/mol below CH3O + NO. The rate constants predicted by similar calculations give rise to the following expressions for the thermal decomposition of CH3ONO in He: k(d)(760)(CH3ONO) = 8.75 X 10(41)T(-8.97) exp(-22600/T) s(-1) and k(d)(infinity)(CH3ONO) = 1.58 x 10(23)T(-2.18) exp(-21100/T) s(-1) in the temperature range 300-3000 K. These results are in very good agreement with available experimental data obtained under practical pressure conditions. The much different branching ratios for the formation of CH3O + NO and CH2O + HNO in the decomposition of both CH3NO2 and CH3ONO are also given in this work.
Photonic crystal nanofishbone nanocavity
(2013-08-15)
Lu, Tsan-Wen
;
Lee, Po-Tsung
;
光電工程學系
;
Department of Photonics
We propose a photonic crystal (PhC) nanofishbone (NFB) nanocavity, which confines an ultrahigh Q (similar to 1.8 x 10(7)) transverse-magnetic (TM) mode. With thin slab thickness and only few PhC periods, the TM mode in NFB nanocavity shows higher Q, larger confinement factor and smaller mode volume than that in PhC nanobeam nanocavity, while the total etched-surface area is also significantly reduced. This PhC NFB nanocavity with very compact device size will be very beneficial for quantum cascade lasers, plasmonic nanolasers, and other applications needing high Q TM modes. (C) 2013 Optical Society of America
Generation of sub-20-fs deep-ultraviolet pulses by using chirped-pulse four-wave mixing in CaF2 plate
(2013-08-15)
He, Jinping
;
Kobayashi, Takayoshi
;
電子物理學系
;
Department of Electrophysics
Sub-20-fs deep ultraviolet (DUV) pulses are generated by using nondegenerate, chirped-pulse four-wave mixing of the fundamental and second-harmonic pulses from a commercial Ti:sapphire amplifier in a CaF2 plate. The energy of the DUV pulses is 3.8 mu J, with a conversion efficiency from total pump energy to DUV of similar to 3.8%. The DUV pulse is compressed using a pre-chirp, introduced via a fused silica window in the fundamental beam. The central wavelength of the DUV spectrum can be tuned from 257 to 277 nm by adjusting the cross angle between the two pump beams. The spectrum can reach a width of 16.8 nm, which can support a pulse duration of 8.7 fs. (C) 2013 Optical Society of America
PHARMACEUTICAL CARRIER AND PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITION FOR INHIBITING ANGIOGENESIS
(2013-08-15)
LIAO Kuang-Wen
;
HO Shu-Yi
A pharmaceutical carrier and a pharmaceutical composition for inhibiting angiogenesis are disclosed. The pharmaceutical carrier of the present invention comprises: a drug carrier; and a polypeptide linked to a surface of the drug carrier, wherein the polypeptide comprises a receptor binding domain of vascular endothelial growth factor.
An Energy and Cost Efficient WDM/OFDMA PON System: Design and Demonstration
(2013-08-15)
Yuang, Maria C.
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Hsu, Dar-Zu
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Tien, Po-Lung
;
Chen, Hsing-Yu
;
Wei, Chia-Chien
In this paper, we propose an energy and cost efficient WDM/OFDMA PON system, referred to as NEWOPS. Based on a new two-tiered semi-tree architecture, NEWOPS allows a large number of ONUs to be connected to OLT using only a handful of colorless transceivers. Due to the architecture, NEWOPS not only facilitates high spectral efficiency and flexible sub-channel bandwidth allocation, but also reduces the Rayleigh backscattering (RB) problem and achieves high energy and cost efficiency. Experimental results demonstrate that, taking only 5-GHz bandwidth for each wavelength, NEWOPS successfully achieves 20-Gb/s downstream and 10-Gb/s upstream OFDM-xQAM transmissions via the same fiber trunk. We depict that, to support 40 ONUs for example, NEWOPS achieves energy efficiency that is three to six times higher than that of a typical 10-Gb/s WDM/OFDM PON.
身體姿態檢測方法及身體姿態檢測系統
(2013-08-16)
蕭子健
;
林冠威
本發明係關於一種可運算出待測者之身體姿態穩定度判斷結果的身體姿態穩定度檢測方法、一種可運算出待測者之肌肉使用狀態判斷結果的肌肉使用狀態檢測方法以及一種應用此肌肉使用狀態檢測方法的肌肉使用狀態檢測系統。本發明之身體姿態穩定度檢測方法係應用一經驗模態分析程序，由待測者之壓力中心位置的時變訊號得出複數個正頻率內在模態函數及複數個負頻率內在模態函數，以形成複數個壓力中心複數平面時變圖。接著，依據這些壓力中心複數平面時變圖所具有的半徑特徵值與相對應之複數個半徑特徵值範圍的比較結果，輸出一穩定度判斷結果。
演化學習遊戲裝置
(2013-08-16)
鄭夢慈
;
林育妏
;
佘曉清
本發明係揭露一種演化學習遊戲裝置，包含一顯示器與一儲存器，儲存器係存有至少一種場景及其對應之複數種代表生物。儲存器與顯示器連接一運算單元，其係從代表生物中，挑選至少二種代表生物，以分別作為至少一我方生物與至少一非我方生物，並在顯示器上，顯示我方生物與非我方生物在場景裡之演化與互動狀況。本發明之遊戲可提供明確規則、立即回饋並具有競爭性，互動性較一般教學或動畫教學高，以有效提高使用者的學習興趣與學習成效，寓教育於娛樂與生活當中。