Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2014-06"

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IncRNAMap: A map of putative regulatory functions in the long non-coding transcriptome
(2014-06-01)
Chan, Wen-Ling
;
Huang, Hsien-Da
;
Chang, Jan-Gowth
;
生物科技學系
;
生物資訊及系統生物研究所
Background: Recent studies have demonstrated the importance of long non-coding RNAs (IncRNAs) in chromatin remodeling, and in transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation. However, only a few specific IncRNAs are well understood, whereas others are completely uncharacterized. To address this, there is a need for user-friendly platform to studying the putative regulatory functions of human IncRNAs. Description: IncRNAMap is an integrated and comprehensive database relating to exploration of the putative regulatory functions of human IncRNAs with two mechanisms of regulation, by encoding siRNAs and by acting as miRNA decoys. To investigate IncRNAs producing siRNAs that regulate protein-coding genes, IncRNAMap integrated small RNAs (sRNAs) that were supported by publicly available deep sequencing data from various sRNA libraries and constructed IncRNA-derived siRNA-target interactions. In addition, IncRNAMap demonstrated that IncRNAs can act as targets for miRNAs that would otherwise regulate protein-coding genes. Previously studies indicated that intergenic IncRNAs (lincRNAs) either positive or negative regulated neighboring genes, therefore, IncRNAMap surveyed neighboring genes within a 1 Mb distance from the genomic location of specific IncRNAs and provided the expression profiles of IncRNA and its neighboring genes. The gene expression profiles may supply the relationship between incRNA and its neighboring genes. Conclusions: lncRNAMap is a powerful user-friendly platform for the investigation of putative regulatory functions of human IncRNAs with producing siRNAs and acting as miRNA decoy. IncRNAMap is freely available on the web at http://IncRNAMap.mbc.nctu.edu.tw/., (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Highly Transparent, High-Performance IGZO-TFTs Using the Selective Formation of IGZO Source and Drain Electrodes
(2014-06-01)
Wu, Hung-Chi
;
Chien, Chao-Hsin
;
電子工程學系及電子研究所
;
Department of Electronics Engineering and Institute of Electronics
In this letter, high-performance, highly transparent amorphous InGaZnO (IGZO) thin-film transistors (TFTs) with IGZO source/drain electrodes were fabricated. Rapid thermal annealing treatment effectively converted IGZO from a semiconductor into a conductor. Using a patterned SiO2 capping layer, highly transparent IGZO-TFTs with selectively formed IGZO electrodes were fabricated on a glass substrate. The mobility of the fabricated IGZO-TFT was 8.3 cm(2)/V s, ON/OFF ratio was 3.1 x 10(6), and subthreshold swing was 0.44 V/decade. Thus, the proposed scheme provides a simple and practical method of fabricating high-performance, highly transparent IGZO TFTs.
Extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 is involved in a tamoxifen neuroprotective effect in a lateral fluid percussion injury rat model
(2014-06-01)
Tsai, Yin-Tzu
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Wang, Che-Chuan
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Leung, Pak-On
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Lin, Kao-Chang
;
Chio, Chung-Ching
Background: The aim of the present study was to determine whether tamoxifen (TMX) causes attenuation of traumatic brain injury (TBI) induced by fluid percussion injury. Materials and methods: Immediately after the onset of fluid percussion TBI, anesthetized male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three major groups and intraperitoneally administered the vehicle solution (1 mL/kg), TMX (1 mg/kg), or TMX (1 mg/kg) plus the extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 antagonist SL327 (30 mg/kg). Another group of rats were used as sham-operated controls. The functional outcomes, such as motor outcomes, were evaluated using an incline plane. The cellular infarction volume was evaluated by triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining. Neuronal loss, apoptosis, and p-ERK1/2 and Bcl2 expression in neuronal cortex cells were evaluated by immunofluorescence methods. All the parameters were assessed on day 4 after injury. Results: Compared with the sham-operated controls, the TBI-induced motor deficits and cerebral infarction after TBI were significantly attenuated by TMX therapy. The TBI-induced neuronal loss and apoptosis were also significantly reduced by TMX therapy. The numbers of Bcl2- and phospho-ERK1/2-positive neuronal cells in the ischemic cortex after TBI were significantly increased by TMX therapy. These TMX effects were significantly blocked by SL327 administration. Conclusions: Our results suggest that intravenous injection of TMX may ameliorate TBI in rats by increasing neuronal p-ERK1/2 expression, which might lead to an increase in neuronal Bcl2 expression and a decrease in neuronal apoptosis and cell infarction volume, and it might represent one mechanism by which functional recovery occurred. TMX may be a promising TBI treatment strategy. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Fabrication and characteristics of a GaN-based microcavity laser with shallow etched mesa
(2014-06-01)
Lai, Ying-Yu
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Chou, Yu-Hsun
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Wu, Yu-Sheng
;
Lan, Yu-Pin
;
Lu, Tien-Chang
In this work, we have developed a simple GaN-based microcavity (MC) with an intracavity shallow etched mesa. The textured GaN-based MC incorporated two high-reflectivity dielectric Bragg mirrors and an InGaN/GaN multiple quantum well with a shallow etched mesa as an optical confined structure. Lasing and transverse optical confinement characteristics have been verified by measuring devices with different mesa diameters. A quality factor (Q) of 2600 and a threshold energy of 30 nJ have been observed in a 10-mu m-diameter device. Such a cavity structure could be implanted into electrically pumped GaN vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers for supporting efficient transverse confinement. (C) 2014 The Japan Society of Applied Physics
一種主動式觸控感測電路裝置
(2014-06-01)
戴亞翔
;
周祿盛
;
邱皓麟
本發明揭露一種主動式觸控感測電路裝置，係適用於一觸控面板，該主動式觸控感測電路包含：感測單元、電阻、電晶體。電阻係連接感測單元，且電阻係連接於第一掃瞄線。電晶體之控制端係連接於感測單元，電晶體之輸入端係連接於第二掃瞄線，電晶體之輸出端連接於讀取線。當一物體觸摸感測單元感測單元之感測值係改變，以使控制端之輸入波形產生改變，並使輸出端輸出開電流，而藉由讀取線傳輸開電流。
Characterization of Oxygen Accumulation in Indium-Tin-Oxide for Resistance Random Access Memory
(2014-06-01)
Zhang, Rui
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Chang, Kuan-Chang
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Chang, Ting-Chang
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Tsai, Tsung-Ming
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Huang, Syuan-Yong
In this letter, we report the oxygen accumulation effect and its influence on resistive switching for gadolinium-doped silicon dioxide (Gd:SiO2) resistance random access memory (RRAM). We find that oxygen absorbance by indium-tin-oxide electrode affects the conduction current mechanism, and remarkably modifies the device performance of RRAM devices. By current fitting, Schottky emission can be observed in both low and high resistance states, from which conduction model is proposed to clarify the oxygen accumulation phenomenon. Reliability tests, including endurance and high temperature retention are further carried out, evaluating the significance of oxygen accumulation effect in redox reaction for RRAM devices.
Novel Noninvasive Approach for Detecting Arteriovenous Fistula Stenosis
(2014-06-01)
Wang, Hsien-Yi
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Wu, Cho-Han
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Chen, Chien-Yue
;
Lin, Bor-Shyh
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影像與生醫光電研究所
Hemodialysis is the most common treatment for patients with end-stage renal disease. For hemodialysis, consistently functional vascular access must be surgically created with an anastomosis of artery and vein, referred to as an arteriovenous fistula (AVF). However, AVF dysfunction may occur over time. Angiography and Doppler ultrasound are usually used to detect the flow or the diameter of the AVF. But they require well-trained operators and are expensive, and even angiography is invasive. In this study, a noninvasive approach based on stethoscope auscultation for monitoring AVF stenosis was proposed. Here, a wireless blood flow sound recorder was designed to record blood flow sounds wirelessly. In order to effectively extract the varying feature of blood flow sounds for AVF stenosis, the 2-D feature pattern built from S-transform was also proposed as the feature in the AVF stenosis detecting algorithm. Different from other frequency-related coefficients, the feature pattern can contain the information of blood flow sounds in time and frequency domains simultaneously. Preliminary findings showed that the proposed approach can provide high-quality estimation of AVF stenosis (positive predictive value=87.84% and sensitivity = 89.24%).
脈衝式正反器
(2014-06-01)
李鎮宜
;
宋偉豪
;
李明哲
一種脈衝式正反器，係響應第一及第二時脈訊號，閂鎖資料輸入訊號，以將其轉換為資料輸出訊號，脈衝式正反器包含脈衝產生器以及閂鎖器，脈衝產生器包含第一反相器及訊號延遲電路，用以接收第一時脈訊號並產生第二時脈訊號；而閂鎖器包含傳遞電路、閂鎖電路以及控制電路。閂鎖器響應第一及第二時脈訊號，用以閂鎖資料輸入訊號並輸出資料輸出訊號，其中傳遞電路用以傳遞資料輸入訊號；閂鎖電路電性連接於傳遞電路，用以接收和閂鎖資料輸入訊號，並輸出資料輸出訊號；而控制電路電性連接於閂鎖電路，用以提供電壓控制閂鎖電路的開與關。
Adoption of three new types of computers in Taiwan: Tablet PCs, netbooks, and smart phones
(2014-06-01)
Li, Shu-Chu Sarrina
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傳播研究所
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Institute of Communication Studies
Tablet PCs, netbooks, and smart phones are similar to one another in that they possess the basic functions of computers, but they differ in what functions they emphasize. Rogers\' diffusion of innovation model has been widely recognized as a powerful model for predicting technology adoption. This study adopted Rogers\' model to examine the adoption intentions of the three new types of computers. A telephone survey was conducted to collect data. This study made 1757 telephone calls, from which 1100 valid calls were obtained, representing a response rate of 62.61%. The data analysis demonstrates that the findings are generally congruent with the predictions of Rogers\' model. However, this study\'s results also reveal one limitation of Rogers\' model, its pro-innovation bias, which explains why the diffusion of netbooks was incongruent with Rogers\' model. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Facilitating the implementation and efficacy of health-promoting schools via an action-research approach in Taiwan
(2014-06-01)
Chang, Fong-Ching
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Liu, Chieh-Hsing
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Liao, Li-Ling
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Niu, Yu-Zhen
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Cheng, Chi-Chia
Taiwan launched its evidence-based health-promoting school (HPS) program via an action-research approach in 2010. The program featured a collaborative partnership between schools, local education authorities and university support networks. This study was focused on examining whether an HPS action-research approach was effective in advancing HPS implementation, perceived HPS impact and perceived HPS efficacy in Taiwan. In 2011, questionnaires were sent to 900 sample schools in Taiwan. A total of 621 schools returned the questionnaire, including 488 primary schools and 133 middle schools. The response rate was 69%. This study compared the difference in HPS implementation status, perceived HPS impact and perceived HPS efficacy between those schools that had implemented action-research HPS (138 schools) and those that had not (483 schools). The univariate analysis results indicated that the HPS implementation levels for components that included school health policies, physical environment, social environment, teaching activities and school-community relations were significantly higher in action-research schools than in non-action-research schools. Teachers in action-research schools reported significantly higher levels of HPS impact and HPS efficacy than non-action-research schools. The multivariate analysis results indicated that after controlling for school level and HPS funding, the HPS action-research approach was significantly positively related to greater levels of HPS implementation, perceived HPS impact and perceived HPS efficacy.
多原色色彩色域邊界之建立方法
(2014-06-01)
歐陽盟
;
黃庭緯
;
陳子賢
;
羅明
本發明係揭露一種多原色色彩色域邊界之建立方法，其係在新亮度下，選擇混色重心頂點相鄰之獨立性原色及其色域邊界頂點；先由獨立性原色為圓心，以虛擬線進行旋轉，遇到之相依性原色即可作為與混色重心頂點混色之相依性色域邊界頂點；再以此相依性色域邊界頂點為圓心重複進行相同步驟，直至取得所有相依性原色對應之相依性色域邊界頂點；最後，選擇可以建構最大的色域邊界之色域邊界頂點，並據此建立色域邊界。本發明可找出相依性原色存在最大亮度下之色域邊界，並可增加色彩表現之色域範圍。
Probability-Based Location Aware Design and On-Demand Robotic Intrusion Detection System
(2014-06-01)
Lin, Chia-How
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Song, Kai-Tai
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電控工程研究所
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Institute of Electrical and Control Engineering
For an on-demand robotic system, a location aware module provides location information of objects, users, and the mobile robot itself. This information supports various intelligent behaviors of a service robot in day-to-day scenarios. This paper presents a novel probability-based approach to building a location aware system. With this approach, the inconsistencies often seen in received signal strength indicator (RSSI) measurements are handled with a minimum of calibration. By taking off-line calibration measurement of a ZigBee sensor network, the inherent problem of signal uncertainty of to-be-localized nodes can be effectively resolved. The proposed RSSI-based algorithm allows flexible deployment of sensor nodes in various environments. The proposed algorithm has been verified in several typical environments and experiments show that the method outperforms existing algorithms. The location aware system has been integrated with an autonomous mobile robot to demonstrate the proposed on-demand robotic intruder detection system. In the experiments, three alarm sensors were employed to monitor abnormal conditions. If an intrusion was detected, the robot immediately moves to the location and transmits scene images to the user, allowing the user to respond to the situation in real time.
Modeling the Impact of Random Grain Boundary Traps on the Electrical Behavior of Vertical Gate 3-D NAND Flash Memory Devices
(2014-06-01)
Hsiao, Yi-Hsuan
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Lue, Hang-Ting
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Chen, Wei-Chen
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Chang, Kuo-Pin
;
Shih, Yen-Hao
The 3-D stacking of multiple layers of NAND using thin-film transistor (TFT) devices is widely accepted as the next step in continuing NAND Flash scaling. Low mobility and reliability problems are two well-known concerns regarding TFT devices. However, another important implication of using TFT devices is that the Vt variation induced by randomly distributed grain boundaries degrades the array performance. In this paper, an extensive TCAD simulation was conducted to systematically investigate how grain boundary generated traps affect NAND Flash devices. Minimizing the density of grain boundary traps is crucial for array performance. In addition, optimal gate control ability reduces the impact of grain boundaries. Thus, using double gate architecture in vertical gate 3-D NAND is favorable. Furthermore, when pitch is scaled in the future, device exhibiting smaller channel thickness should be used to increase the gate control.
A hypochlorous acid turn-on fluorescent probe based on HOCl-promoted oxime oxidation and its application in cell imaging
(2014-06-01)
Yu, Shiang-Yi
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Hsu, Chen-Yi
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Chen, Wei-Chieh
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Wei, Ling-Fang
;
Wu, Shu-Pao
A coumarin-based fluorometric probe, HS1, has been successfully developed for highly sensitive and selective detection of hypochlorous acid (HOCl). The probe is based on the specific HOCl-promoted oxidation of oxime. The reaction is accompanied by a 7-fold increase in the fluorescent quantum yield (from 0.03 to 0.21). The fluorescence intensity of the reaction between HOCl and HS1 shows a good linearity in the HOCl concentration range of 1-20 mu M and a low detection limit of 25 nM (S/N = 3). In addition, confocal fluorescence microscopy imaging using RAW264.7 macrophages demonstrates that the HS1 probe could be an efficient fluorescent probe for HOCl in living cells. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
權利耗盡原則與所有權取得
(科技法律研究所, 2014-06)
王怡蘋
;
Wang, I-ping
由智慧財產法院97年度刑智上易字第43號與智慧財產法院98年度刑智上易字第32號二則判決可見，出租權是否因權利耗盡原則而耗盡，端視著作原件或合法重製物之持有人是否為所有權人，而所有權人之認定，智慧財產法院於判決中指出，須依物權法之規定判斷，並承認基於善意取得之所有權人，亦適用權利耗盡理論。值得探究的是出租權耗盡原則與善意取得之適用是否有所扞格，詳言之，權利人若未同意重製物流通於交易市場，而持有該重製物者卻因善意取得之規定享有所有權，此時如適用權利耗盡規定，是否符合權利耗盡原則之精神。我國權利耗盡原則規定於著作權法第59條之1與第60條，二者均以「著作原件或其合法著作重製物之所有人」為適用要件，立法例上係參照美國著作權法第109條而來。有別於此，德國著作權法中關於權利耗盡原則之規定，係以「經散布權人之同意」為適用要件，其運作模式與立法精神或有不同，故本文選擇以德國立法例作為比較法之研究對象，期能自不同面向探究權利耗盡原則之基本精神，從而對我國權利耗盡原則提供參考與建議。
論保存天然資源之出口數量限制措施：政策考量與正當性抗辯
(科技法律研究所, 2014-06)
薛景文
;
Hsueh, Ching-wen
傳統上國際貿易之壁壘多以干預進口之形式出現，管制出口之情形較為少見，然而，今日因氣候變遷或科技發展之緣故，某些生產原料出現短缺，因而引發各國採取限制出口之措施。採取出口管制政策上理由各有不同，不見得是單純基於貿易上考量而須被禁止，會員國若是基於保存自然資源所為之出口管制，除了主張或可能主張GATT第XX(g)條之一般例外條款以外，還可能主張GATT第XI：2(a)條。本文旨在討論如何解釋此諸多正當性抗辯條款，方能兼顧會員國環境保護之政策需求以及自由貿易之保障。
Gender differences in online reading engagement, metacognitive strategies, navigation skills and reading literacy
(2014-06-01)
Wu, J-Y.
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教育研究所
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Institute of Education
This study examined how knowledge of metacognitive strategies and navigation skills mediate the relationship between online reading activities and printed reading assessment (PRA) and electronic reading assessment (ERA) across 19 countries using the PISA (Programme for International Student Assessment) 2009 database. Participants were 34104 fifteen-year-old students (female: 50.1%). The results showed that information-seeking activity, knowledge of metacognitive strategies and navigations skills positively predicted ERA and PRA. Social reading activities negatively predicted knowledge of metacognitive strategies and PRA but had no effect on ERA and the navigation skills in most countries. Increased information-seeking reading resulted in higher ERA and PRA as demonstrated by navigation skills and knowledge of metacognitive strategies. Gender differences in online reading engagement were not statistically significant in most countries. However, girls performed better in knowledge of metacognitive strategies, navigation skills and PRA but were not significantly better on ERA. Multiple group comparisons of gender indicated that the hypothesized model held for both boys and girls. Besides the infrastructure of information and communications technology as a tool to access the cyber informational space, students should be empowered to use appropriate strategies and navigation skills to achieve their goals. Implications for teaching and learning practices are discussed.
A Novel 3D Integration Scheme for Backside Illuminated CMOS Image Sensor Devices
(2014-06-01)
Ko, Cheng-Ta
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Hsiao, Zhi-Cheng
;
Chang, Hsiang-Hung
;
Lyu, Dian-Rong
;
Hsu, Chao-Kai
A novel backside-illuminated CMOS image sensor (BSI-CIS) scheme and process are developed and demonstrated. This innovative scheme can be realized without fusion oxide bonding and through-silicon via (TSV) fabrication. This wafer-level TSV-less BSI-CIS scheme includes transparent ultrathin silicon (similar to 3.6 mu m) and uses several bonding technologies. The characterization and assessment results indicate that the integration scheme possesses excellent electrical integrity and reliability. In addition, good quality results of the image functional test demonstrate the excellent performance of this scheme. This novel scheme also provides a realizable low-cost solution for the next-generation CIS and further 3-D novel BSI-CIS scheme.
Effect of pore size/distribution in TiO2 films on agarose gel electrolyte-based dye-sensitized solar cells
(2014-06-01)
Hsu, Hsin-Ling
;
Tien, Cheng-Fang
;
Leu, Jihperng
;
材料科學與工程學系
;
Department of Materials Science and Engineering
This study develops a simple method to change the distribution of the pore size in a TiO2 layer, using polyethylene glycol (PEG), while maintaining nearly the same surface area and porosity to clarify how large pores affect the performance of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). Specifically, a heating step at 100 A degrees C for a specific duration is added prior to PEG removal and TiO2 sintering at 400 A degrees C. This process transforms the role of the PEG from a surfactant to a pore generator (porogen) and forms larger pores, depending on the loading and aggregation time for the PEG to gain larger pores. The effect of larger pores in TiO2 films under 30 % PEG loading, on the performance of an agarose gel electrolyte-based DSSC, was further investigated using the ionic liquid, 1-allyl-3-ethylimidazolium iodide (AEII). The I-V characteristic and the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy analysis show that larger pores readily improve redox couple diffusion in a TiO2 porous electrode and modify the interface between electrolyte and TiO2. Using the optimized TiO2 film with larger pores (30 % PEG loading, 100 A degrees C/60 min), an efficiency of 7.43 % is achieved for the agarose gel electrolyte-based DSSC, which represents a 26.1 % improvement over TiO2 without the addition of PEG.
Complete mitochondrial genome of the megamouth shark Megachasma pelagios (Chondrichthyes, Megachasmidae)
(2014-06-01)
Chang, Chia-Hao
;
Shao, Kwang-Tsao
;
Lin, Yeong-Shin
;
Chiang, Wei-Chuan
;
Jang-Liaw, Nian-Hong
Here we describe the complete mitochondrial genome sequence of the megamouth shark, Megachasma pelagios, which is an extremely rare species of deepwater shark. The circle genome (16,694 bp) consists of 13 protein coding, 22 tRNA, 2 rRNA genes and 1 control region. It has the typical vertebrate mitochondrial gene arrangement.