Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2014-06-27"

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Pros and Cons of the Tuberculosis Drugome Approach - An Empirical Analysis
(2014-06-27)
Chen, Feng-Chi
;
Liao, Yu-Chieh
;
Huang, Jie-Mao
;
Lin, Chieh-Hua
;
Chen, Yih-Yuan
Drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), the causative pathogen of tuberculosis (TB), has become a serious threat to global public health. Yet the development of novel drugs against MTB has been lagging. One potentially powerful approach to drug development is computation-aided repositioning of current drugs. However, the effectiveness of this approach has rarely been examined. Here we select the "TB drugome" approach - a protein structure-based method for drug repositioning for tuberculosis treatment - to (1) experimentally validate the efficacy of the identified drug candidates for inhibiting MTB growth, and (2) computationally examine how consistently drug candidates are prioritized, considering changes in input data. Twenty three drugs in the TB drugome were tested. Of them, only two drugs (tamoxifen and 4-hydroxytamoxifen) effectively suppressed MTB growth at relatively high concentrations. Both drugs significantly enhanced the inhibitory effects of three first-line anti-TB drugs (rifampin, isoniazid, and ethambutol). However, tamoxifen is not a top-listed drug in the TB drugome, and 4-hydroxytamoxifen is not approved for use in humans. Computational re-examination of the TB drugome indicated that the rankings were subject to technical and data-related biases. Thus, although our results support the effectiveness of the TB drugome approach for identifying drugs that can potentially be repositioned for stand-alone applications or for combination treatments for TB, the approach requires further refinements via incorporation of additional biological information. Our findings can also be extended to other structure-based drug repositioning methods.
Pros and Cons of the Tuberculosis Drugome Approach - An Empirical Analysis
(2014-06-27)
Chen, Feng-Chi
;
Liao, Yu-Chieh
;
Huang, Jie-Mao
;
Lin, Chieh-Hua
;
Chen, Yih-Yuan
Drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), the causative pathogen of tuberculosis (TB), has become a serious threat to global public health. Yet the development of novel drugs against MTB has been lagging. One potentially powerful approach to drug development is computation-aided repositioning of current drugs. However, the effectiveness of this approach has rarely been examined. Here we select the "TB drugome" approach - a protein structure-based method for drug repositioning for tuberculosis treatment - to (1) experimentally validate the efficacy of the identified drug candidates for inhibiting MTB growth, and (2) computationally examine how consistently drug candidates are prioritized, considering changes in input data. Twenty three drugs in the TB drugome were tested. Of them, only two drugs (tamoxifen and 4-hydroxytamoxifen) effectively suppressed MTB growth at relatively high concentrations. Both drugs significantly enhanced the inhibitory effects of three first-line anti-TB drugs (rifampin, isoniazid, and ethambutol). However, tamoxifen is not a top-listed drug in the TB drugome, and 4-hydroxytamoxifen is not approved for use in humans. Computational re-examination of the TB drugome indicated that the rankings were subject to technical and data-related biases. Thus, although our results support the effectiveness of the TB drugome approach for identifying drugs that can potentially be repositioned for stand-alone applications or for combination treatments for TB, the approach requires further refinements via incorporation of additional biological information. Our findings can also be extended to other structure-based drug repositioning methods.
義民祭下寮總動員
(2014-06-28)
許鴻財
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Department of Communication and Technology
;
傳播與科技學系
在新竹縣新埔鎮枋寮公路上，佇立著一座雄偉的門柱，門柱上面的匾高掛著「褒忠亭」三個大字，兩旁則有金色的石獅守護著，裡面有間紅色屋簷的古老廟宇，廟門前有一個金光閃閃的香爐。
導讀主編的話之一
(2014-06-28)
黃湞尹
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Department of Communication and Technology
;
傳播與科技學系
新客家人群像已經邁入第三集:《客家心，台灣情》書中記錄了許多客家人物的生命故事，透過字裡行間的敘述，讀者除了能夠體會每一位作者的用心，也可以了解書中人物，是如何用獨特的客家精神來面對新時代的生活，以及他們對生命的態度。
日式老豐田，牛犁新生命
(2014-06-28)
鄭宇茹
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Department of Communication and Technology
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傳播與科技學系
許多人在聽到花蓮縣壽豐鄉的豐田社區，第一個直覺常常是它的名字好特別，而擁有如此日式的名字當然與它的背景有關。在日治時期時這裡是日本人的移民村，第二次世界大戰以後日本雖然戰敗撤退，但建築和建設仍保留了下來，此時原本被限制住在移民村周圍、從西部來的客家二次移民，便接手了這些房子，也配合原本的生活方式改建了這些日式房屋，然後發展屬於他們自己的文化。
導讀主編的話之二
(2014-06-28)
Department of Communication and Technology
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傳播與科技學系
《客家心，台灣情》是新客家人群像系列當書的第三本作品，從第一本《承先做後》開始，每一本書的篇數都不斷增加，第三本《客家心，台灣情》共由四十六篇文章組成，作品以傳科系的大一學生為主，更有外系同學的加入。而在文章篇數增加的同時，文章的質感也不斷在提升，除了看得到每一屆新生的成長，也挑戰每一名編輯的能力與耐力。這一次封面採取較簡單的風格，台灣的圖樣中擺上交通大學客家學院竹北校區新校舍的照片，這也是這本書之所以能出版的幕後推手。而封面上的花朵，其實是從客家花布上取下來的花朵圖案，利用一個大家較為熟悉的客家文化代表，來強調《客家心，台灣情》中的「客家心」精神。封底則是運用客家文化的另一個代表:伯公樹來呈現，除了在左上方記者群的姓名旁放上客家花朵的圖案，呼應封面的客家花布圖案，伯公樹的剪影中放上全書的簡介，希望在整體上能帶來開闊清新的感覺。
導讀勤耕「新」田歡喜見「客」
(2014-06-28)
楊睿愷
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Department of Communication and Technology
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傳播與科技學系
「客家人物」，在傳科101級學弟妹首度嘗試的客家週專題寫作下，揉凝了繽紛新時代與樸質舊傳統的意象。身為傳科系記者一份子的他們，不同於以往媒體報導的觀點，權衡多種聲音、讓在地文化與流行活力接軌，使得「客家」一詞，不再只限於油桐花、圓樓、山歌等商業、生澀且遙遠的意義，而是充滿能動的嶄新力量。
媽媽散播書香大溪愛鎮愛閱讀
(2014-06-28)
許翔
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Department of Communication and Technology
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傳播與科技學系
走在鼎鼎有名的大溪老街之中，轉幾個彎，就看到一棟老舊的西式建築，乍看之下沒什麼特別，但走近一看，牆上是滿滿的公告，其中一個小黑板上寫著「大溪鎮愛鎮協會」，走進去這棟老房子時，映入眼簾的是一大片舒服的榻榻米，與一整書架的豐富藏書，坐在兩旁的愛心媽媽，立刻熱情地招呼你。
美濃找回八音也唱出新客曲
(2014-06-28)
黃馨儀
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Department of Communication and Technology
;
傳播與科技學系
隨著時代的潮流脈動，你是否還記得以往在山林間勞動時傳來的陣陣歌聲？是否還知曉婚喪喜慶時演奏的樂曲？抑或你聽說過「撮把戲」上演出的笑料？「從前，我曾和他們一起歌唱過、脈搏過和感覺過」，出身於美濃的作家鍾理和曾在書中這樣敘述過他對客家音樂的懷念。而今非昔比，傳統的客家音樂逐漸沒落，欲重新振興卻又少了古早的氣息，在傳統與流行中夾雜，客家音樂該何去何從？
油桐五月雪花現美麗金錦
(2014-06-28)
黃詩涵
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Department of Communication and Technology
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傳播與科技學系
客運行駛在蜿蜒的新竹一一八縣道上，兩旁車窗皆被翠綠的樹葉填滿，這條坡道有個優美的名字：羅馬公路，在晨光的照耀下顯得特別的安靜祥和，沿著羅馬公路行駛，便可到達充滿鄉間悠閒氣息的金錦社區。
勝興車站火車不再來繁華依舊在
(2014-06-28)
洪詩宸
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Department of Communication and Technology
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傳播與科技學系
　彷彿厭倦了前幾日陰雨綿綿的天氣，溫暖的陽光探出頭來，金黃耀眼的光輝照在勝興車站古樸的街道以及來來往往的遊客身上。為數眾多的遊客或在街道中穿梭，或在早已停駛的鐵路上漫步、拍照留念。雖然勝興車站已經是熱門的觀光景點之一，卻仍舊保持著那份純樸的氣息，令人難以想像在轉變為觀光景點前，它曾經歷過一段舊山線停駛的沒落歲月。
文山阿婆來跳舞台下熱情唱喝
(2014-06-28)
黃苡齊
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Department of Communication and Technology
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傳播與科技學系
「練習了好久終於能表演了！」身穿客家民俗舞蹈的服飾，臉上撲滿厚厚的粉還有雙頰上圓圓的腮紅，一群客語中交雜國語的阿婆，興奮地四處向人炫耀「我們文山舞蹈班的舞很厲害喔，等一下就要表演了，有一點點緊張哈哈哈……」。
鑼鼓聲響亮下山武獅
(2014-06-28)
黃美恩
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Department of Communication and Technology
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傳播與科技學系
「咚咚隆咚鏘，咚咚隆咚鏘」，一片嘹亮的鑼鼓聲響，打破了夜晚的寧靜。路旁的溝渠清澈得有魚群游過。翻過牆角，一大片的花海就在那兒守候著下一個忽然闖進的過客。離新竹高鐵站不到十分鐘路程，卻有著仙境般奇妙氛圍的聚落，悄悄孕育著一個不朽的文化。在新竹縣芎林鄉下山村，客家方口獅正用那又黑又亮的大眼睛，見證客家人如何將牠們的故事流傳下去。
Bimolecular reaction of CH3 + CO in solid p-H-2: Infrared absorption of acetyl radical (CH3CO) and CH3-CO complex
(2014-06-28)
Das, Prasanta
;
Lee, Yuan-Pern
;
應用化學系
;
應用化學系分子科學碩博班
;
Department of Applied Chemistry
We have recorded infrared spectra of acetyl radical (CH3CO) and CH3-CO complex in solid para-hydrogen (p-H-2). Upon irradiation at 248 nm of CH3C(O)Cl/p-H-2 matrices, CH3CO was identified as the major product; characteristic intense IR absorption features at 2990.3 (v(9)), 2989.1 (v(1)), 2915.6 (v(2)), 1880.5 (v(3)), 1419.9 (v(10)), 1323.2 (v(5)), 836.6 (v(7)), and 468.1 (v(8)) cm (1) were observed. When CD3C(O)Cl was used, lines of CD3CO at 2246.2 (v(9)), 2244.0 (v(1)), 1866.1 (v(3)), 1046.7 (v(5)), 1029.7 (v(4)), 1027.5 (v(10)), 889.1 (v(6)), and 723.8 (v(7)) cm (1) appeared. Previous studies characterized only three vibrational modes of CH3CO and one mode of CD3CO in solid Ar. In contrast, upon photolysis of a CH3I/CO/p-H-2 matrix with light at 248 nm and subsequent annealing at 5.1 K before re-cooling to 3.2 K, the CH3-CO complex was observed with characteristic IR features at 3165.7, 3164.5, 2150.1, 1397.6, 1396.4, and 613.0 cm(-1). The assignments are based on photolytic behavior, observed deuterium isotopic shifts, and a comparison of observed vibrational wavenumbers and relative IR intensities with those predicted with quantum-chemical calculations. This work clearly indicates that CH3CO can be readily produced from photolysis of CH3C(O)Cl because of the diminished cage effect in solid p-H-2 but not from the reaction of CH3 + CO because of the reaction barrier. Even though CH3 has nascent kinetic energy greater than 87 kJ mol(-1) and internal energy similar to 42 kJ mol(-1) upon photodissociation of CH3I at 248 nm, its energy was rapidly quenched so that it was unable to overcome the barrier height of similar to 27 kJ mol(-1) for the formation of CH3CO from the CH3 + CO reaction; a barrierless channel for formation of a CH3-CO complex was observed instead. This rapid quenching poses a limitation in production of free radicals via bimolecular reactions in p-H-2. (C) 2014 AIP Publishing LLC.
內灣戲院故事還在上演
(2014-06-28)
沈祖廷
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Department of Communication and Technology
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傳播與科技學系
車窗外的景色漸漸轉進深山，一片片的綠讓人忘卻都市的紛擾，步下火車，陽光灑下在內灣，一個在叢叢樹林中繁華起來的客家小村落。知名的內灣老街上，賣著令人垂涎欲滴的客家美食，古早味的黑糖糕、小巧可愛香味四溢的野薑花粽以及縷縷蒸煙上彈牙的菜包、草仔粿，中午一到人潮洶湧，好不熱鬧。
嘉志閣特色粄多彩多滋味
(2014-06-28)
張凱翔
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Department of Communication and Technology
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傳播與科技學系
苗栗市大致可分為北苗、中苗與南苗，不同於南苗日漸蓬勃的商業發展，北苗則維持著傳統的農業風光。而嘉盛社區正是座落於北苗，至今仍以務農為主。步入嘉盛社區後，不見生硬的都市元素，而保有著傳統、純樸的農村景觀，一棟棟的透天厝緊鄰相依，排列成了一座小小的迷宮，鑽出迷宮後，一整片綠油油的田野在眼前延伸開來。
高鐵帶來繁榮六家庄不忘本
(2014-06-28)
吳建勳
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Department of Communication and Technology
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傳播與科技學系
放眼望去，整片稻田映入眼簾，受到頭前溪的灌溉滋潤，使作物得到豐富的養分。農民們辛勞的汗水，化為稻葉上晶瑩的露珠，經過陽光的折射後如鑽石般閃爍動人，而粒粒飽滿的稻米則是農民們辛苦的結晶。位於新竹縣竹北市的中興社區曾是新竹的米倉之一，然而由於台灣高速鐵路的建設，這樣的農村美景已漸成了過往雲煙。
大合神豬比創意展現客家新文化　
(2014-06-28)
陳思寧
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Department of Communication and Technology
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傳播與科技學系
三、四月的晚春，鮮紅的楊梅，在桃園縣楊梅市大合社區活動中心外的街道上結實纍纍，這一帶最初是屬於以狩獵與採摘為生的凱達格蘭族，他們溫熱的腳掌曾經緊貼於這片濕潤的土地。十八世紀初，一群客家人由遙遠的大陸渡海而來，佔據了這裡的一角，隨後於清高宗乾隆年間，閩南人更大規模的以分工合作的方式到此開墾，族群紛紛湧入形成了閩、客、平埔混居的社區。
伯公岡老街洋樓賞竹藝
(2014-06-28)
賴坤猷
;
Department of Communication and Technology
;
傳播與科技學系
民國九十五年，呂宏溥帶頭在桃園縣楊梅市南部的富岡里創立了伯公岡文化協會，希望讓外界了解專屬富岡地區的客家特色，以及這地方擁有的文化資產。這個年輕的協會雖還在起步階段，卻迅速地找到自己的定位，並且嘗試走出屬於自己的發展路線。
Bimolecular reaction of CH3 + CO in solid p-H-2: Infrared absorption of acetyl radical (CH3CO) and CH3-CO complex
(2014-06-28)
Das, Prasanta
;
Lee, Yuan-Pern
;
應用化學系
;
應用化學系分子科學碩博班
;
Department of Applied Chemistry
We have recorded infrared spectra of acetyl radical (CH3CO) and CH3-CO complex in solid para-hydrogen (p-H-2). Upon irradiation at 248 nm of CH3C(O)Cl/p-H-2 matrices, CH3CO was identified as the major product; characteristic intense IR absorption features at 2990.3 (v(9)), 2989.1 (v(1)), 2915.6 (v(2)), 1880.5 (v(3)), 1419.9 (v(10)), 1323.2 (v(5)), 836.6 (v(7)), and 468.1 (v(8)) cm (1) were observed. When CD3C(O)Cl was used, lines of CD3CO at 2246.2 (v(9)), 2244.0 (v(1)), 1866.1 (v(3)), 1046.7 (v(5)), 1029.7 (v(4)), 1027.5 (v(10)), 889.1 (v(6)), and 723.8 (v(7)) cm (1) appeared. Previous studies characterized only three vibrational modes of CH3CO and one mode of CD3CO in solid Ar. In contrast, upon photolysis of a CH3I/CO/p-H-2 matrix with light at 248 nm and subsequent annealing at 5.1 K before re-cooling to 3.2 K, the CH3-CO complex was observed with characteristic IR features at 3165.7, 3164.5, 2150.1, 1397.6, 1396.4, and 613.0 cm(-1). The assignments are based on photolytic behavior, observed deuterium isotopic shifts, and a comparison of observed vibrational wavenumbers and relative IR intensities with those predicted with quantum-chemical calculations. This work clearly indicates that CH3CO can be readily produced from photolysis of CH3C(O)Cl because of the diminished cage effect in solid p-H-2 but not from the reaction of CH3 + CO because of the reaction barrier. Even though CH3 has nascent kinetic energy greater than 87 kJ mol(-1) and internal energy similar to 42 kJ mol(-1) upon photodissociation of CH3I at 248 nm, its energy was rapidly quenched so that it was unable to overcome the barrier height of similar to 27 kJ mol(-1) for the formation of CH3CO from the CH3 + CO reaction; a barrierless channel for formation of a CH3-CO complex was observed instead. This rapid quenching poses a limitation in production of free radicals via bimolecular reactions in p-H-2. (C) 2014 AIP Publishing LLC.