Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2014-09-01"

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Embedded Driver-Assistance System Using Multiple Sensors for Safe Overtaking Maneuver
(2014-09-01)
Chiang, Hsin-Han
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Chen, Yen-Lin
;
Wu, Bing-Fei
;
Lee, Tsu-Tian
;
交大名義發表
Advanced driver-assistance systems have recently become one of the most active topics related to intelligent vehicles. Such assistance facilitates vehicular operation by allowing drivers increased control and an enhanced driving experience, and it even comes in the form of automated assistance for autonomous vehicle operation. This paper presents a driver-assistance system that uses a low-cost embedded digital signal processor, with the overall system installed in a commercial vehicle. Based on driving information supplied by multiple sensors, such as a real-time vision system, a vehicle-to-vehicle communication system, and in-vehicle sensors, the proposed system can facilitate decision making and the performing of driving tasks while executing overtaking maneuvers. This paper developed a data fusion stage based on a collision warning algorithm in which the overtaken vehicle and other vehicles in the neighboring lane are accounted for to avoid collisions. The system employs fuzzy control in the steering and speed automation to emulate the driving tasks performed by humans. The applicability of the proposed system was examined in a real-road environment, and a set of experimental results demonstrate the feasibility of using the involved coordination strategies while conducting various driving maneuvers.
Optimal sample sizes for the design of reliability studies: Power consideration
(2014-09-01)
Shieh, Gwowen
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管理科學系
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Department of Management Science
Intraclass correlation coefficients are used extensively to measure the reliability or degree of resemblance among group members in multilevel research. This study concerns the problem of the necessary sample size to ensure adequate statistical power for hypothesis tests concerning the intraclass correlation coefficient in the one-way random-effects model. In view of the incomplete and problematic numerical results in the literature, the approximate sample size formula constructed from Fisher\'s transformation is reevaluated and compared with an exact approach across a wide range of model configurations. These comprehensive examinations showed that the Fisher transformation method is appropriate only under limited circumstances, and therefore it is not recommended as a general method in practice. For advance design planning of reliability studies, the exact sample size procedures are fully described and illustrated for various allocation and cost schemes. Corresponding computer programs are also developed to implement the suggested algorithms.
Purification, crystallization and preliminary X-ray crystallographic analysis of glycosyltransferase-1 from Bacillus cereus
(2014-09-01)
Hsieh, Yin-Cheng
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Chiu, Hsi-Ho
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Huang, Yen-Chieh
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Fun, Hoong-Kun
;
Lu, Chia-Yu
Glycosyltransferases (GTs), which are distributed widely in various organisms, including bacteria, fungi, plants and animals, play a role in synthesizing biological compounds. Glycosyltransferase-1 from Bacillus cereus (BcGT-1), which is capable of transferring glucose to small molecules such as kaempferol and quercetin, has been identified as a member of the family 1 glycosyltransferases which utilize uridine diphosphate glucose (UDP-glucose) as the sugar donor. BcGT-1 (molecular mass 45.5 kDa) has been overexpressed, purified and crystallized using the hanging-drop vapour-diffusion method. According to X-ray diffraction of BcGT-1 crystals to 2.10 angstrom resolution, the crystal belonged to space group P1, with unit-cell parameters a = 54.56, b = 84.81, c = 100.12 A, alpha = 78.36, beta = 84.66, gamma = 84.84 degrees. Preliminary analysis indicates the presence of four BcGT-1 molecules in the asymmetric unit with a solvent content of 50.27%.
Effect of the Circle-Grid Electrodes on Concentrated GaAs Solar Cell Efficiency
(2014-09-01)
Chung, Chen-Chen
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Binh Tinh Tran
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Han, Ming-Hung
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Lin, Kung-Liang
;
Yu, Hung-Wei
In this study, we investigate the effect of the shading factor of the front grid pattern on concentrated solar cell efficiency, taking the trade-off between the series resistance of the electrodes and the amount of incident light into consideration. We examine the thermal effect with regard to five different circle-grid electrode patterns of the front contact. The front contacts with different grid patterns affect the characteristics of light-concentrated-type GaAs single-junction solar cells. The device parameters analyzed include the open-circuit voltage (V-oc), short-circuit current (I-sc), fill factor (FF) and conversion efficiency (eta). The results of our study show that for a concentration ratio greater than 60x with AM1.5G, the device with a shading factor of 7.1% has the best cell efficiency of 27.05%, due to the smaller current crowding at the center spot. The results indicate that the conversion efficiency of solar cells can be improved by establishing a compromise between the shading effect and the series resistance effect.
Bandwidth and Latency Aware Contribution Estimation in P2P Streaming System
(2014-09-01)
Ho, Cheng-Yun
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Huang, Ming-Hsiang
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Ho, Cheng-Yuan
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Tseng, Chien-Chao
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交大名義發表
In this article, a bandwidth and latency aware contribution estimation (BLACE) mechanism is proposed to enhance the efficiency of content distribution in a mesh peer-to-peer (P2P) streaming system. This is because the mesh P2P streaming system outperforms others in many aspects, but most content distribution mechanisms use only one of upload bandwidth and link latency as a factor, several contribution-aware schemes (CASs) just punish selfish peers, and some CASs only rearrange the content receiving order. Hence, the BLACE proposes a prevention way considering every peer\'s upload bandwidth, link latency, and the maximum playing delay of a stream at the same time to prioritize the content distribution. Moreover, BLACE is implemented on Coolstreaming with NS2 and experimental results show that BLACE could at the most shorten the receiving time about 15.44%, 13.94%, and 8.26%, and improve the whole performance about 7.05%, 2.81%, and 2.69% at the most, when it compares with the Coolstreaming, the Coolstreaming with bandwidth preference, and the Coolstreaming with latency preference, respectively.
Norm-Constrained Capon Beamforming Using Multirank Signal Models With Kalman Filter Implementation
(2014-09-01)
Hu, Jwu-Sheng
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Lee, Ming-Tang
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交大名義發表
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電機工程學系
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National Chiao Tung University
The performance of the Capon beamforming is known to degrade dramatically in the presence of model mismatches, especially when the desired signal is present in the training data. To improve the robustness, the diagonal loading technique was introduced. However, the major drawback is the selection of the diagonal loading level, which is related to the unknown signal powers. Another way to alleviate performance degradation is to use a more accurate signal model of the array response. In this paper, a norm-constrained Capon beamforming using multirank signal models is proposed. Based on the pseudo-observation method, the quadratic constraints can be easily constructed. The problem is solved by a nonlinear Kalman filter which can be implemented on-line. The simulation results show that the design of the norm-constraint value is less sensitive to the signal powers, small angle mismatches, and number of sensors with a standard linear array. Further, it is shown that the use of a multirank signal model and Kalman filter technique result in less self-cancellation and performance degradation than that of the rank-1 signal model and the estimation of sample matrix.
編按
(國立陽明交通大學出版社, 2014-09-01)
李卓穎
Sample size requirements for the design of reliability studies: precision consideration
(2014-09-01)
Shieh, Gwowen
;
管理科學系
;
Department of Management Science
In multilevel modeling, the intraclass correlation coefficient based on the one-way random-effects model is routinely employed to measure the reliability or degree of resemblance among group members. To facilitate the advocated practice of reporting confidence intervals in future reliability studies, this article presents exact sample size procedures for precise interval estimation of the intraclass correlation coefficient under various allocation and cost structures. Although the suggested approaches do not admit explicit sample size formulas and require special algorithms for carrying out iterative computations, they are more accurate than the closed-form formulas constructed from large-sample approximations with respect to the expected width and assurance probability criteria. This investigation notes the deficiency of existing methods and expands the sample size methodology for the design of reliability studies that have not previously been discussed in the literature.
SENSOR (GROUP FEATURE) SELECTION WITH CONTROLLED REDUNDANCY IN A CONNECTIONIST FRAMEWORK
(2014-09-01)
Chakraborty, Rudrasis
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Lin, Chin-Teng
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Pal, Nikhil R.
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交大名義發表
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National Chiao Tung University
For many applications, to reduce the processing time and the cost of decision making, we need to reduce the number of sensors, where each sensor produces a set of features. This sensor selection problem is a generalized feature selection problem. Here, we first present a sensor (group-feature) selection scheme based on Multi-Layered Perceptron Networks. This scheme sometimes selects redundant groups of features. So, we propose a selection scheme which can control the level of redundancy between the selected groups. The idea is general and can be used with any learning scheme. We have demonstrated the effectiveness of our scheme on several data sets. In this context, we define different measures of sensor dependency (dependency between groups of features). We have also presented an alternative learning scheme which is more effective than our old scheme. The proposed scheme is also adapted to radial basis function (RBS) network. The advantages of our scheme are threefold. It looks at all the groups together and hence can exploit nonlinear interaction between groups, if any. Our scheme can simultaneously select useful groups as well as learn the underlying system. The level of redundancy among groups can also be controlled.
Spectroscopic Signatures for Interlayer Coupling in MoS2-WSe2 van der Waals Stacking
(2014-09-01)
Chiu, Ming-Hui
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Li, Ming-Yang
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Zhang, Wengjing
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Hsu, Wei-Ting
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Chang, Wen-Hao
Stacking of MoS2 and WSe2 monolayers is conducted by transferring triangular MoS2 monolayers on top of WSe2 monolayers, all grown by chemical vapor deposition (CVD). Raman spectroscopy and photoluminescence (PL) studies reveal that these mechanically stacked monolayers are not closely coupled, but after a thermal treatment at 300 degrees C, it is possible to produce van der Waals solids consisting of two interacting transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) monolayers. The layer-number sensitive Raman out-of-plane mode A(1g)(2) for WSe2 (309 cm(-1)) is found sensitive to the coupling between two TMD monolayers. The presence of interlayer excitonic emissions and the changes in other intrinsic Raman modes such as E \'\' for MoS2 at 286 cm(-1) and A(1g)(2) for MoS2 at around 463 cm(-1) confirm the enhancement of the interlayer coupling.
不需對話的族群分類－寮國北部的「人民」與「國家」
(國立陽明交通大學出版社, 2014-09-01)
謝世忠
Influence of Oxygen Concentration on Self-Compliance RRAM in Indium Oxide Film
(2014-09-01)
Yang, Jyun-Bao
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Chang, Ting-Chang
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Huang, Jheng-Jie
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Chen, Yu-Ting
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Tseng, Hsueh-Chih
This letter investigates various oxygen concentrations in indium oxide films which induce different resistance switching behaviors, including two self-compliance behaviors and a two-step set process. The accumulated oxygen ions produce an oxygen-rich indium oxide film, which can be considered as a variable series resistor after the forming process. Analyses indicate that the lower self-compliance current can be attributed to this larger variable series resistor from the additional oxygen ions. The more significant oxidation reaction decreases the current of the high resistance state. Hence, power consumption can be reduced effectively.
Field-programmable lab-on-a-chip based on microelectrode dot array architecture
(2014-09-01)
Wang, Gary
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Teng, Daniel
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Lai, Yi-Tse
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Lu, Yi-Wen
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Ho, Yingchieh
The fundamentals of electrowetting-on-dielectric (EWOD) digital microfluidics are very strong: advantageous capability in the manipulation of fluids, small test volumes, precise dynamic control and detection, and microscale systems. These advantages are very important for future biochip developments, but the development of EWOD microfluidics has been hindered by the absence of: integrated detector technology, standard commercial components, on-chip sample preparation, standard manufacturing technology and end-to-end system integration. A field-programmable lab-on-a-chip (FPLOC) system based on microelectrode dot array (MEDA) architecture is presented in this research. The MEDA architecture proposes a standard EWOD microfluidic component called 'microelectrode cell', which can be dynamically configured into microfluidic components to perform microfluidic operations of the biochip. A proof-of-concept prototype FPLOC, containing a 30 x 30 MEDA, was developed by using generic integrated circuits computer aided design tools, and it was manufactured with standard low-voltage complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor technology, which allows smooth on-chip integration of microfluidics and microelectronics. By integrating 900 droplet detection circuits into microelectrode cells, the FPLOC has achieved large-scale integration of microfluidics and microelectronics. Compared to the full-custom and bottom-up design methods, the FPLOC provides hierarchical top-down design approach, field-programmability and dynamic manipulations of droplets for advanced microfluidic operations.
Direct growth of a 40 nm InAs thin film on a GaAs/Ge heterostructure by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition
(2014-09-01)
Yu, Hung-Wei
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Wang, Tsun-Ming
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Nguyen, Hong-Quan
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Wong, Yuen-Yee
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Tu, Yung-Yi
In this paper, the authors directly grew an InAs thin film (40 nm) by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition on GaAs/Ge substrates by using flow-rate modulation epitaxy with an appropriate V/III ratio. The growth of a high-quality InAs thin film with periodic 90 degrees misfit dislocations was related to a uniform monolayer In atom distribution at the InAs/GaAs interface. The In monolayer effectively minimized the difference between surface energy and strain energy, producing a stable interface during material growth. The authors also found that a tightly controlled V/III ratio can improve the quality of the InAs islands on the GaAs/Ge heterostructures, though it is not the key factor in InAs thin-film growth. (C) 2014 American Vacuum Society.
The Relationship Between Design Factors and Affective Response in Personalized Blog Interfaces
(2014-09-01)
Hsu, Chun-Cheng
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Chuang, Ming-Chuen
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應用藝術研究所
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傳播與科技學系
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Institute of Applied Arts
The blog has become one of the most important virtual spaces where people express their uniqueness and define themselves in social groups. Bloggers place great emphasis on the visual interface of blogs, and both usability and affective factors are important considerations for a successful blog. This study aims to determine major dimensions influencing user affective responses to personalized blog interfaces, and the corresponding design factors that bloggers or platform developers may apply to effectively manipulate them. This study used the Affective/Kansei Engineering approach and two multidimensional scaling algorithms to evaluate the affective responses of users. In conclusion, this study first defined the three dimensions of an affective perceptual space, and their corresponding design factors and affective responses. Secondly, it investigated the relationship between the visual features of 18 typical blogs and the 12 typical affective response vectors in this space. This study also discussed blog interface design guidelines for bloggers and developers. These findings highlight the application potential for developing customized blog template or automated database template generation systems.
The Influence of Qing Dynasty Editorial Work on the Modern Interpretation of Mathematical Sources: The Case of Li Rui\'s Edition of Li Ye\'s Mathematical Treatises
(2014-09-01)
Pollet, Charlotte-V.
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交大名義發表
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National Chiao Tung University
Recent studies in Sinology have shown that Qing dynasty editors acted as philologists. This paper argues that the identification of their philological methods and editorial choices suggests that their choices were not totally neutral and may have significantly shaped the way modern historians interpreted specific works edited by mathematicians of that dynasty. A case study of the re-edition in 1798 of a Song dynasty treatise, the Yigu yanduan (1259), by a Qing dynasty mathematician will illustrate this point. At the end of the eighteenth century, Li Rui (1773-1817) was asked to prepare an edition of the mathematical works written by Li Ye (1192-1279) for a private collection. Li Rui was a talented mathematician, but he was also a meticulous editor and trained philologist. He adopted his editorial model from the preparation of the imperial encyclopaedia, the Siku quanshu, but Li Rui also made some corrections to the text in an effort to restore an older version of Li Ye\'s treatises that had been lost. Convinced of the Chinese origin of algebra, Li Rui used philological techniques to recover the lost materials and to restore the roots of "Chinese mathematics." The Yigu yanduan contains two algebraic procedures to set up quadratic equations, one from the procedure of Celestial Source (tian yuan shu) and the other from the Section of Pieces [of Areas] (tiao duan). Curiously, the second procedure has not yet attracted the attention of scholars so far, although Li Rui\'s edition is the one typically used by twentieth-century historians of mathematics. Today, the Celestial Source characterizes "Chinese algebra." However, the specific concerns of Li Rui about the procedure of Celestial Source, combined with his editorial methods, contributed to this perspective.
An Improved RIP-Based Performance Guarantee for Sparse Signal Recovery via Orthogonal Matching Pursuit
(2014-09-01)
Chang, Ling-Hua
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Wu, Jwo-Yuh
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電機工程學系
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Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
A sufficient condition reported very recently for perfect recovery of a K-sparse vector via orthogonal matching pursuit (OMP) in K iterations (when there is no noise) is that the restricted isometry constant (RIC) of the sensing matrix satisfies delta(K+1) < (1/root K + 1). In the noisy case, this RIC upper bound along with a requirement on the minimal signal entry magnitude is known to guarantee exact support identification. In this paper, we show that, in the presence of noise, a relaxed RIC upper bound delta(K+1) < (root 4K + 1 - 1/2K) together with a relaxed requirement on the minimal signal entry magnitude suffices to achieve perfect support identification using OMP. In the noiseless case, our result asserts that such a relaxed RIC upper bound can ensure exact support recovery in K iterations: this narrows the gap between the so far best known bound delta(K+1) < (1/root K + 1) and the ultimate performance guarantee delta(K+1) = (1/root K). Our approach relies on a newly established near orthogonality condition, characterized via the achievable angles between two orthogonal sparse vectors upon compression, and, thus, better exploits the knowledge about the geometry of the compressed space. The proposed near orthogonality condition can be also exploited to derive less restricted sufficient conditions for signal reconstruction in two other compressive sensing problems, namely, compressive domain interference cancellation and support identification via the subspace pursuit algorithm.
與談王國斌
(國立陽明交通大學出版社, 2014-09-01)
朱元鴻
Adhesion Investigation Between Metal and Benzocyclobutene (BCB) Polymer Dielectric Materials in 3-D Integration Applications
(2014-09-01)
Shih, Jian-Yu
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Huang, Wen-Chun
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Ko, Cheng-Ta
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Yang, Zheng
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Hu, Sheng-Hsiang
In this paper, the interfacial adhesion strength between metal layer and benzocyclobutene (BCB) polymer dielectric in 3-D integration applications is investigated. The effects of layer thickness, layer stacking order, and additional adhesion layer of titanium (Ti) layer between copper (Cu) and BCB polymer are investigated. Surprisingly, the conventional titanium adhesion layer commonly used in the semiconductor industry weakens the interfacial adhesion strength between copper and BCB. Additionally, to figure out the interfacial adhesion mechanisms, the interfacial structures probed by sum-frequency-generation vibrational spectroscopy are correlated to the adhesion strengths measured from corresponding sample interfaces. It is found that ordered C-H groups at the metal/BCB interface, such as titanium/BCB or molybdenum/BCB, lead to weak interfacial adhesion strength, whereas disordered interfaces, i.e., copper/BCB, lead to strong interfacial adhesion strength.
流離在領土內、飄蕩在領土外？泰緬邊境克倫難民民族運動的空間爭奪
(國立陽明交通大學出版社, 2014-09-01)
趙中麒
就物理而言，民族領土是一個客觀存在的空間，在其中，我們可以發現民族社群的所有活動。當某個民族社群成員在特定空間內代代進行各種文化、經濟與政治活動時，這些活動就與該空間共同形塑了該民族社群的集體記憶與生命經驗。為了讓此世界能不受干擾地維持，民族社群需要透過某些政治行動將此空間「領土化」。由於沒有那麼多的物理空間可讓每一個民族社群都能擁有此一獨特又具有詩意的領土。因此，歷史總是目擊兩個或數個民族社群透過民族主義爭奪某一特定空間。如果兩個敵對的社群同時宣稱他們擁有某塊土地，並透過武裝行動爭奪該空間，無可避免會引發大規模難民潮，而此種爭奪行動，不會因為民族社群成員淪為難民而結束，緬甸克倫難民即是一例。克倫族與緬族，由於對其民族空間的不同認知與期待，乃各自發動武裝民族運動，以控制他們所認為的領土。經過60年內戰，數十萬人流離失所，但克倫族的民族運動並未因此停止，甚至仍在難民營內進行著。由於克倫族在某方面得以自我管理難民營事務，使難民營轉變為非領土性領地，讓克倫難民不再是純粹的無根難民，相反地，由於此一非領土性領地，他們以流離失所的民族此一狀態存在於泰緬邊境。