Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2015-02-10"

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Electric connecting structure comprising preferred oriented Cu6Sn5 grains and method for fabricating the same
(2015-02-10)
Chen Chih
;
Lin Han-Wen
An electric connecting structure comprising preferred oriented Cu6Sn5 grains and a method for fabricating the same are disclosed. The method of the present invention comprises steps: (A) providing a first substrate; (B) forming a first nano-twinned copper layer on part of a surface of the first substrate; (C) using a solder to connect the first substrate with a second substrate having a second electrical pad, in which the second electrical pad comprises a second nano-twinned copper layer, and the solder locates between the first nano-twinned copper layer and the second nano-twinned copper layer; and (D) reflowing at the temperature of 200° C. to 300° C. to transform at least part of the solder into an intermetallic compound (IMC) layer, in which the IMC layer comprises plural Cu6Sn5 grains with a preferred orientation; wherein at least 50% in volume of the first and second nano-twinned copper layer comprises plural grains.
Submicron connection layer and method for using the same to connect wafers
(2015-02-10)
Chen Kuan-Neng
;
Chang Yao-Jen
A submicron connection layer and a method for using the same to connect wafers is disclosed. The connection layer comprises a bottom metal layer formed on a connection surface of a wafer, an intermediary diffusion-buffer metal layer formed on the bottom metal layer, and a top metal layer formed on the intermediary diffusion-buffer metal layer. The melting point of the intermediary diffusion-buffer metal layer is higher bottom metal layers may form a eutectic phase. During bonding wafers, two top metal layers are joined in a liquid state; next the intermediary diffusion-buffer metal layers are distributed uniformly in the molten top metal layers; then the top and bottom metal layers diffuse to each other to form a low-resistivity eutectic intermetallic compound until the top metal layers are completely exhausted by the bottom metal layers.
License plate recognition system and method
(2015-02-10)
Wu Bing-Fei
;
Chen Yen-Lin
;
Huang Hao-Yu
;
Lin Hsin-Yu
A license plate recognition system and method recognizes a license plate attached to a vehicle and bears a license plate number. The system includes a database module, a reducing module, an image capturing unit, a sorting unit, and a recognizing module. The database module stores license plate position sample type-related data and license plate number sample type-related data whose quantity is reducible by the reducing module. The image capturing unit captures license plate images at different imaging resolutions to generate license plate position image eigenvalue and license plate number image eigenvalue. The sorting unit computes the license plate position image eigenvalue to generate license plate position type-related data and computes the license plate number image eigenvalue to generate license plate number type-related data. The recognizing module compares the license plate number type-related data with the license plate number sample type-related data, thereby recognizing the license plate number.
Outlier detection from vehicle trajectories to discover roaming events
(2015-02-10)
Shen, Minxin
;
Liu, Duen-Ren
;
Shann, Shi-Han
;
資訊管理與財務金融系註：原資管所+財金所
;
Department of Information Management and Finance
Roaming, referring to the behavior of repeated observation of intended crime scenes before committing crimes, is a suspicious pattern often mentioned by experienced police investigators, but still remains a vague concept which needs to be well realized in video surveillance systems. This work first describes the scenario of roaming behaviors related to planned crimes, and then derives formal specifications for detecting suspicious roaming events from vehicle trajectories. Consequently, algorithms are designed for rapidly sorting out potential outliers and thoroughly examining their suspicious intention through circling activities, relative driving speed and time dispersion. Roaming trajectories and relevant trajectories are finally grouped into events and appropriately ranked. Furthermore, preliminary experiments and illustrative examples on synthetic data demonstrate the feasibility of our methods. The proposed approach enhances conventional vehicle plate analysis so that it becomes capable of discovering complex criminal behaviors and hence increasing investigation performance and decision quality. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Exploring the Impacts of Cognitive and Metacognitive Prompting on Students\' Scientific Inquiry Practices Within an E-Learning Environment
(2015-02-11)
Zhang, Wen-Xin
;
Hsu, Ying-Shao
;
Wang, Chia-Yu
;
Ho, Yu-Ting
;
教育研究所
This study explores the effects of metacognitive and cognitive prompting on the scientific inquiry practices of students with various levels of initial metacognition. Two junior high school classes participated in this study. One class, the experimental group (n = 26), which received an inquiry-based curriculum with a combination of cognitive and metacognitive prompts, was compared to the other class, the comparison group (n = 25), which received only cognitive prompts in the same curriculum. Data sources included a test of inquiry practices, a questionnaire of metacognition, and worksheets. The results showed that the mixed cognitive and metacognitive prompts had significant impacts on the students\' inquiry practices, especially their planning and analyzing abilities. Furthermore, the mixed prompts appeared to have a differential effect on those students with lower level metacognition, who showed significant improvement in their inquiry abilities. A combination of cognitive and metacognitive prompts during an inquiry cycle was found to promote students\' inquiry practices.
The muon system of the Daya Bay Reactor antineutrino experiment
(2015-02-11)
An, F. P.
;
Balantekin, A. B.
;
Band, H. R.
;
Beriguete, W.
;
Bishai, M.
The Daya Bay experiment consists of functionally identical antineutrino detectors immersed in pools of ultrapure water in three well-separated underground experimental halls near two nuclear reactor complexes. These pools serve both as shields against natural, low-energy radiation, and as water Cherenkov detectors that efficiently detect cosmic muons using arrays of photomultiplier tubes. Each pool is covered by a plane of resistive plate chambers as an additional means of detecting muons. Design, construction, operation, and performance of these muon detectors are described. (C) 2014 Elsevier By. All rights reserved.
人體通道傳輸方法以及系統
(2015-02-11)
桑梓賢
;
周世傑
;
張添烜
;
孫致晴
;
許碩文
一種人體通道傳輸方法包含以下步驟：使一第一人體通道傳輸裝置透過數種人體通道傳輸方式，分別傳送一測試訊號。藉由一第二人體通道傳輸裝置透過人體通道傳輸方式，分別接收測試訊號。根據透過各人體通道傳輸方式所接收之測試訊號，計算各人體通道傳輸方式之一訊噪比。選擇人體通道傳輸方式中，其訊噪比最大者。使第一人體通道傳輸裝置以及第二人體通道傳輸裝置間，以所選擇之人體通道傳輸方式傳輸資料。
電流刺激裝置
(2015-02-11)
林群祐
;
李易儒
;
柯明道
本發明提供一種電流刺激裝置，包括高壓輸出模組、電壓控制模組及電荷幫浦模組，高壓輸出模組係包含複數個電晶體且相疊接而成，用以接收控制電流刺激裝置之啟/閉之一輸入控制訊號及一第一電壓，第一電壓經疊加每一電晶體之輸出電壓後，據以轉換為一第二電壓並輸出予電壓控制模組，其根據第二電壓及一負載阻抗變化以輸出一電壓控制訊號，據以提供穩定之一刺激電流予負載，電荷幫浦模組根據電壓控制訊號以調整第一電壓之電壓值大小予高壓輸出模組，以適應性穩定刺激電流的輸出狀態。
可溶性二甲基矽氧烷修飾之聚（２－羥基乙基丙烯酸甲酯－甲基丙烯酸）雙性共聚物及其製備方法
(2015-02-11)
劉典謨
;
黃筠淳
;
許仲育
本發明係揭露一種可溶性二甲基矽氧烷修飾之聚(2-羥基乙基丙烯酸甲酯-甲基丙烯酸)雙性共聚物及其製備方法，其係基於2-羥基乙基丙烯酸甲酯(HEMA)、甲基丙烯酸(MAA)和末端3-丙基胺聚二甲基矽氧烷(PDMS)以化學鍵結方式在水溶液中合成。此可溶性二甲基矽氧烷修飾之聚(2-羥基乙基丙烯酸甲酯-甲基丙烯酸)雙性共聚物更可完全溶於醇類溶劑，以利後續之加工需求，並具可調整之親疏水性及良好的生物相容性，故可應用於防沾附或藥物釋放等之應用。
Structural Evolution of Crystalline Conjugated Polymer/Fullerene Domains from Solution to the Solid State in the Presence and Absence of an Additive
(2015-02-12)
Su, Yu-Wei
;
Liu, Chih-Ming
;
Jiang, Jian-Ming
;
Tsao, Cheng-Si
;
Cha, Hou-Chin
The power conversion efficiencies of polymer/fullerene solar cells are critically dependent on the nanometer-scale morphologies of their active layers, which are typically processed from solution. Using synchrotron wide- and small-angle X-ray scattering, we have elucidated the intricate mechanism of the structural transitions from solutions to solid films of the crystalline polymer poly[bis(dodecyl)thiophene-thieno[3,4-c]pyrrole-4,6-dione] (PBTTPD) and [6,6]-phenyl-C-71-butyric acid methyl ester (PC71BM), including the effect of the solvent additive 1,6-diiodohexane (DIH). We found that the local assembly of rigid-rod PBTTPD segments that formed in solution instantly and then relaxed within several hundred seconds upon cooling to room temperature from 90 degrees C could re-emerge and develop into seeds for subsequent crystallization of the polymer in the solid films. At room temperature (25 degrees C), the presence of DIH in chlorobenzene slightly enhanced the formation of local assembly PBTTPD segments in the supersaturated PBTTPD in PBTTPD/PC71BM blend solution. Two cases of films were subsequently developed from these blend solutions with drop-casted and spin-coated methods. For spin-coated thin films (90 nm thick), which evolve quickly, polymers crystallinity and the fullerene packing in the solid-state thin films were enhanced in the case of involving DIH. Regarding the effect of DIH for processing the drop-casted thick films (2.5 mu m thick), which evolve slowly, DIH has no observable effect on PBTTPD/PC71BM structure. Our results provide some understanding of the mechanism behind the structural development of polymer/fullerene blends upon their transitions from solution to the solid state, as well as the key functions of the additive.
Chitosan-PEG Hydrogel with Sol-Gel Transition Triggerable by Multiple External Stimuli
(2015-02-12)
Tsao, Ching Ting
;
Hsiao, Meng Hsuan
;
Zhang, Mengying Y.
;
Levengood, Sheeny Lan
;
Zhang, Miqin
Smart hydrogels play an increasingly important role in biomedical applications, since materials that are both biocompatible and multi-stimuli-responsive are highly desirable. A simple, organic solvent-free method is presented to synthesize a biocompatible hydrogel that undergoes a sol-gel transition in response to multiple stimuli. Methoxy-poly(ethylene glycol) (mPEG) is modified into carboxylic-acid-terminated-methoxy-poly(ethylene glycol) (mPEG-acid), which is then grafted onto chitosan via amide linkages yielding mPEG-g-chitosan. Grafting of mPEG onto hydrophobic chitosan imparts hydrophilic properties to the resultant polymer. The mPEG-g-chitosan gel exhibits a controllable multi-stimuli-responsive property. The balance between hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity is believed to confer mPEG-g-chitosan with stimuli-responsive behavior. The effect of salt concentration, solute concentration, temperature, and pH on the sol-gel transition of mPEG-g-chitosan is evaluated and the underlying mechanisms of mPEG-g-chitosan polymer packing and gelation property is discussed.
Direct kinetic measurement of the reaction of the simplest Criegee intermediate with water vapor
(2015-02-13)
Chao, Wen
;
Hsieh, Jun-Ting
;
Chang, Chun-Hung
;
Lin, Jim Jr-Min
;
應用化學系
Carbonyl oxides, or Criegee intermediates, are important transient species formed in the reactions of unsaturated hydrocarbons with ozone. Although direct detection of Criegee intermediates has recently been realized, the main atmospheric sink of Criegee intermediates remains unclear. We report ultraviolet absorption spectroscopic measurements of the lifetime of the simplest Criegee intermediate, CH2OO, at various relative humidity levels up to 85% at 298 kelvin. An extremely fast decay rate of CH2OO was observed at high humidity. The observed quadratic dependence of the decay rate on water concentration implied a predominant reaction with water dimer. On the basis of the water dimer equilibrium constant, the effective rate coefficient of the CH2OO + (H2O)(2) reaction was determined to be 6.5 (+/-0.8) x 10(-12) cubic centimeters per second. This work would help modelers to better constrain the atmospheric concentrations of CH2OO.
Progressive sharing of multiple images with sensitivity-controlled decoding
(2015-02-14)
Chang, Sheng-Yu
;
Lee, Suiang-Shyan
;
Yeh, Tzu-Min
;
Chen, Lee Shu-Teng
;
Lin, Ja-Chen
Secure sharing of digital images is becoming an important issue. Consequently, many schemes for ensuring image sharing security have been proposed. However, existing approaches focus on the sharing of a single image, rather than multiple images. We propose three kinds of sharing methods that progressively reveal n given secret images according to the sensitivity level of each image. Method 1 divides each secret image into n parts and then combines and hides the parts of the images to get n steganographic (stego) JPEG codes of equal importance. Method 2 is similar; however, it allocates different stego JPEG codes of different 'weights' to indicate their strength. Method 3 first applies traditional threshold-sharing to the n secret images, then progressively shares k keys, and finally combines the two sharing results to get n stego JPEG codes. In the recovery phase, various parameters are compared to a pre-specified low/middle/high (L/M/H) threshold and, according to the respective method, determine whether or not secret images are reconstructed and the quality of the images reconstructed. The results of experiments conducted verify the efficacy of our methods.
An optimum approach of profit analysis on the machine repair system with heterogeneous repairmen
(2015-02-15)
Ke, Jau-Chuan
;
Liu, Tzu-Hsin
;
Wu, Chia-Huang
;
工業工程與管理學系
;
Department of Industrial Engineering and Management
We consider a machine repair problem with queue-dependent heterogeneous repairmen. The stationary probability distribution of the number of failed machines in the system is derived. A profit model is developed to determine the optimal values of threshold to assign/add one more repairman for increasing the total service rate where the service rate is assumed adjustable. The probabilistic global search Lausanne (PGSL) method is employed to find an initial trial solution. Based on this initial solution, a direct search method is applied to obtain the optimal values of the threshold and, then, the Quasi-Newton method is implemented to adjust the corresponding service rates. Some numerical experiments are performed to justify the efficiency of the optimum approach. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Nanoindentation pop-in effects of Bi2Te3 thermoelectric thin films
(2015-02-15)
Jian, Sheng-Rui
;
Tasi, Cheng-Hsun
;
Huang, Shiau-Yuan
;
Luo, Chih-Wei
;
電子物理學系
The structural, surface morphological and nanomechanical characteristics of Bi2Te3 thin films are investigated by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and nanoindentation techniques. The Bi2Te3 thin films are deposited on c-plane sapphire substrates using pulsed laser deposition (PLD). The XRD result showed that Bi2Te3 thin film had a c-axis preferred orientation and a smoother surface feature from AFM observation. Nanoindentation results exhibit the discontinuities (so-called multiple "pop-ins" event) in the loading segments of the load-displacement curves, indicative of the deformation behavior in the hexagonal-structured Bi2Te3 thin film is the nucleation and propagation of dislocations. Based on this scenario, an energetic estimation of nanoindentation-induced dislocation resulted from pop-in effects is made. Furthermore, the hardness and Young\'s modulus of Bi2Te3 thin films were measured by a Berkovich nanoindenter operated with the continuous contact stiffness measurements (CSM) mode. The obtained values of the hardness and Young\'s modulus are 5.7 +/- 0.8 GPa and 158.6 +/- 6.2 GPa, respectively. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Sensitivity enhancement of photothermal microscopy with radially segmented balanced detection
(2015-02-15)
Miyazaki, Jun
;
Tsurui, Hiromichi
;
Kawasumi, Koshi
;
Kobayashi, Takayoshi
;
電子物理學系
A novel detection method is proposed for highly sensitive photothermal microscopic imaging. This method is based on the characteristics of an angular-dependent photothermal signal; it improves signal intensity by up to two times and rejects the intensity noise of the probe beam. The subdiffraction resolution photothermal imaging of mouse skin melanoma is demonstrated using a laser diode-based photothermal microscopy system to evaluate this method. We confirm that the signal intensity is enhanced 1.7 times compared with the conventional detection method. Moreover, the intensity noise of the laser diode used for the probe beam is effectively reduced by approximately 31 dB, even for a sample with non-uniformity of the refractive index and stationary absorption. This method is implemented by means of a commonly used balanced detector and is thus potentially useful for high-speed imaging. (C) 2015 Optical Society of America
Robotics-assisted mass spectrometry assay platform enabled by open-source electronics
(2015-02-15)
Chiu, Shih-Hao
;
Urban, Pawel L.
;
應用化學系
;
應用化學系分子科學碩博班
;
Department of Applied Chemistry
Mass spectrometry (MS) is an important analytical technique with numerous applications in clinical analysis, biochemistry, environmental analysis, geology and physics. Its success builds on the ability of MS to determine molecular weights of analytes, and elucidate their structures. However, sample handling prior to MS requires a lot of attention and labor. In this work we were aiming to automate processing samples for MS so that analyses could be conducted without much supervision of experienced analysts. The goal of this study was to develop a robotics and information technology-oriented platform that could control the whole analysis process including sample delivery, reaction-based assay, data acquisition, and interaction with the analyst. The proposed platform incorporates a robotic arm for handling sample vials delivered to the laboratory, and several auxiliary devices which facilitate and secure the analysis process. They include: multi-relay board, infrared sensors, photo-interrupters, gyroscopes, force sensors, fingerprint scanner, barcode scanner, touch screen panel, and internet interface. The control of all the building blocks is achieved through implementation of open-source electronics (Arduino), and enabled by custom-written programs in C language. The advantages of the proposed system include: low cost, simplicity, small size, as well as facile automation of sample delivery and processing without the intervention of the analyst. It is envisaged that this simple robotic system may be the forerunner of automated laboratories dedicated to mass spectrometric analysis of biological samples. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Stable passive optical clock generation in SOA-based fiber lasers
(2015-02-15)
Wang, Jing-Yun
;
Lin, Kuei-Huei
;
Chen, Hou-Ren
;
光電工程學系
;
Department of Photonics
Stable optical pulse trains are obtained from 1.3-mu m and 1.5-mu m semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA)-based fiber lasers using passive optical technology. The waveforms depend on SOA currents, and the repetition rates can be tuned by varying the relative length of sub-cavities. The output pulse trains of these SOA-based fiber lasers are stable against intracavity polarization adjustment and environmental perturbation. The optical clock generation is explained in terms of mode competition, self-synchronization, and SOA saturation. Without resorting to any active modulation circuits or devices, the technology used here is simple and may find various applications in the future. (C) 2015 Optical Society of America
Interfacial reactions between Cu and SnAgCu solder doped with minor Ni
(2015-02-15)
Cheng, Hsi-Kuei
;
Huang, Chin-Wen
;
Lee, Hsuan
;
Wang, Ying-Lang
;
Liu, Tzeng-Feng
The interfacial reactions between Cu and SnAgCu-based solders were investigated. Two types of SnAgCu-based solders were used, one was Sn-1.0Ag-0.5Cu (SAC105) and the other was Sn-1.2Ag-0.5Cu-0.05Ni (LF35), where the composition was in wt.%. The addition of Ni in the SnAgCu-based solder was found to have significant effects on the morphological evolution and growth of the Cu6Sn5 and Cu3Sn phases formed at the solder/Cu interfaces. At the Ni-added LF35/Cu interface after liquid/solid reaction at 260 degrees C,the Cu6Sn5 phase presented a microstructure with a much smaller grain size. During subsequent solid/solid reaction at 150 and 200 degrees C, the growth of the Cu6Sn5 phase was significantly enhanced at the LF35/Cu interface but that of the Cu3Sn phase was inhibited. A potential mechanism was proposed to explain the effects of Ni addition on the solder/Cu interfacial reactions. (C) 2014 Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved.
Extended depth-of-focus 3D micro integral imaging display using a bifocal liquid crystal lens
(2015-02-15)
Shen, Xin
;
Wang, Yu-Jen
;
Chen, Hung-Shan
;
Xiao, Xiao
;
Lin, Yi-Hsin
We present a three dimensional (3D) micro integral imaging display system with extended depth of focus by using a polarized bifocal liquid crystal lens. This lens and other optical components are combined as the relay optical element. The focal length of the relay optical element can be controlled to project an elemental image array in multiple positions with various lenslet image planes, by applying different voltages to the liquid crystal lens. The depth of focus of the proposed system can therefore be extended. The feasibility of our proposed system is experimentally demonstrated. In our experiments, the depth of focus of the display system is extended from 3.82 to 109.43 mm. (C) 2015 Optical Society of America