Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2015-10-05"

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Mechanism of Electrochemical Deposition and Coloration of Electrochromic V2O5 Nano Thin Films: an In Situ X-Ray Spectroscopy Study
(2015-10-05)
Lu, Ying-Rui
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Wu, Tzung-Zing
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Chen, Chi-Liang
;
Wei, Da-Hau
;
Chen, Jeng-Lung
Electrochromic switching devices have elicited considerable attention because these thin films are among the most promising materials for energy-saving applications. The vanadium oxide system is simple and inexpensive because only a single-layer film of this material is sufficient for coloration. Vanadium dioxide thin films are fabricated by electrochemical deposition and cyclic voltammetry. Chronoamperometric analyses have indicated that the thin V2O5 film demonstrates faster intercalation and deintercalation of lithium ions than those of the thick V2O5 film, benefiting the coloration rate. Despite substantial research on the synthesis of vanadium oxides, the monitoring of electronic and atomic structures during growth and coloration of such material has not been thoroughly examined. In the present study, in situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) is employed to determine the electronic and atomic structures of V2O5 thin films during electrochemical growth and then electrochromic coloration. In situ XAS results demonstrate the growth mechanism of the electrodeposited V2O5 thin film and suggest that its electrochromic performance strongly depends on the local atomic structure. This study improves our understanding of the electronic and atomic properties of the vanadium oxide system grown by electrochemical deposition and enhances the design of electrochromic materials for potential energy-saving applications.
Pump polarization dependent ultrafast carrier dynamics and two-photon absorption in an a-plane ZnO epitaxial film
(2015-10-05)
Lin, Ja-Hon
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Su, Hsing-Jung
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Lu, Chia-Hui
;
Chang, Chun-peng
;
Liu, Wei-Rein
The ultrafast carrier dynamics of non-polar a-plane ZnO epi-film, with the energy difference between the A- and C-valence bands of about 23 meV, grown on r-plane sapphire were investigated using the reflection type pump-probe technique under two perpendicular polarized pumps. By exciting the electron from A-valence band through pump pokuization perpendicular to the c-axis of a-ZnO (E-pu perpendicular to c), the TDR trace revealed two photon absorption (TPA), hand filling (BF) and bandgap renormalization (BGR) effects that can be reasonably explained by the electron dynamics in the conduction band. By exciting the electron from C-valence band through parallel pump polarization (E-pu parallel to c), only the BF effect was observed in the TDR trace owing to the hole dynamics in the valence hands. The occurrence of TPA was determined by the pump efficiency depending on the energy difference between the pump photon and the intermediate exciton resonance state. (C) 2015 AIP Publishing LLC.
Thickness dependence of La0.7Sr0.3MnO3/PbZr0.2Ti0.8O3 magnetoelectric interfaces
(2015-10-05)
Zhou, Jinling
;
Vu Thanh Tra
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Dong, Shuai
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Trappen, Robbyn
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Marcus, Matthew A.
Magnetoelectric materials have great potential to revolutionize electronic devices due to the coupling of their electric and magnetic properties. Thickness varying La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 (LSMO)/PbZro(0.2)Ti(0.8)O(3) (PZT) heterostructures were built and measured in this article by valence sensitive x-ray absorption spectroscopy. The sizing effects of the heterostructures on the LSMO/PZT magnetoelectric interfaces were investigated through the behavior of Mn valence, a property associated with the LSMO magnetization. We found that Mn valence increases with both LSMO and PZT thickness. Piezoresponse force microscopy revealed a transition from monodomain to polydotnain structure along the PZT thickness gradient. The ferroelectric surface charge may change with domain structure and its effects on Mn valence were simulated using a two-orbital double-exchange model. The screening of ferroelectric surface charge increases the electron charges in the interface region, and greatly changes the interfacial Mn valence, which likely plays a leading role in the intetfacial magnetoelectric coupling. The LSMO thickness dependence was examined through the combination of two detection modes with drastically different attenuation depths. The different length scales of these techniques\' sensitivity to the atomic valence were used to estimate the depth dependence Mn valence. A smaller interfacial Mn valence than the bulk was found by globally fitting the experimental results. (C) 2015 AIP Publishing LLC.
Visible light communication using mobile-phone camera with data rate higher than frame rate
(2015-10-05)
Chow, Chi-Wai
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Chen, Chung-Yen
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Chen, Shih-Hao
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光電工程學系
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光電工程研究所
Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor (CMOS) image sensors are widely used in mobile-phone and cameras. Hence, it is attractive if these image sensors can be used as the visible light communication (VLC) receivers (Rxs). However, using these CMOS image sensors are challenging. In this work, we propose and demonstrate a VLC link using mobile-phone camera with data rate higher than frame rate of the CMOS image sensor. We first discuss and analyze the features of using CMOS image sensor as VLC Rx, including the rolling shutter effect, overlapping of exposure time of each row of pixels, frame-to-frame processing time gap, and also the image sensor "blooming" effect. Then, we describe the procedure of synchronization and demodulation. This includes file format conversion, grayscale conversion, column matrix selection avoiding blooming, polynomial fitting for threshold location. Finally, the evaluation of bit-error-rate (BER) is performed satisfying the forward error correction (FEC) limit. (C)2015 Optical Society of America
交大e-News第195期-頒授黃馨祥名譽博士學位
(2015-10-05)
國立交通大學秘書室
;
Secretariat
Predicting Neuroinflammation in Morphine Tolerance for Tolerance Therapy from Immunostaining Images of Rat Spinal Cord
(2015-10-05)
Lin, Shinn-Long
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Chang, Fang-Lin
;
Ho, Shinn-Ying
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Charoenkwan, Phasit
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Wang, Kuan-Wei
Long-term morphine treatment leads to tolerance which attenuates analgesic effect and hampers clinical utilization. Recent studies have sought to reveal the mechanism of opioid receptors and neuroinflammation by observing morphological changes of cells in the rat spinal cord. This work proposes a high-content screening (HCS) based computational method, HCS-Morph, for predicting neuroinflammation in morphine tolerance to facilitate the development of tolerance therapy using immunostaining images for astrocytes, microglia, and neurons in the spinal cord. HCS-Morph first extracts numerous HCS-based features of cellular phenotypes. Next, an inheritable bi-objective genetic algorithm is used to identify a minimal set of features by maximizing the prediction accuracy of neuroinflammation. Finally, a mathematic model using a support vector machine with the identified features is established to predict drug-treated images to assess the effects of tolerance therapy. The dataset consists of 15 saline controls (1 mu l/h), 15 morphine-tolerant rats (15 mu g/h), and 10 rats receiving a co-infusion of morphine (15 mu g/h) and gabapentin (15 mu g/h, Sigma). The three individual models of astrocytes, microglia, and neurons for predicting neuroinflammation yielded respective Jackknife test accuracies of 96.67%, 90.00%, and 86.67% on the 30 rats, and respective independent test accuracies of 100%, 90%, and 60% on the 10 co-infused rats. The experimental results suggest that neuroinflammation activity expresses more predominantly in astrocytes and microglia than in neuron cells. The set of features for predicting neuroinflammation from images of astrocytes comprises mean cell intensity, total cell area, and second-order geometric moment (relating to cell distribution), relevant to cell communication, cell extension, and cell migration, respectively. The present investigation provides the first evidence for the role of gabapentin in the attenuation of morphine tolerance from phenotypic changes of astrocytes and microglia. Based on neuroinflammation prediction, the proposed computer-aided image diagnosis system can greatly facilitate the development of tolerance therapy with anti-inflammatory drugs.
A Hybrid CPU/GPU Pattern-Matching Algorithm for Deep Packet Inspection
(2015-10-05)
Lee, Chun-Liang
;
Lin, Yi-Shan
;
Chen, Yaw-Chung
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資訊工程學系
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Department of Computer Science
The large quantities of data now being transferred via high-speed networks have made deep packet inspection indispensable for security purposes. Scalable and low-cost signature-based network intrusion detection systems have been developed for deep packet inspection for various software platforms. Traditional approaches that only involve central processing units (CPUs) are now considered inadequate in terms of inspection speed. Graphic processing units (GPUs) have superior parallel processing power, but transmission bottlenecks can reduce optimal GPU efficiency. In this paper we describe our proposal for a hybrid CPU/GPU pattern-matching algorithm (HPMA) that divides and distributes the packet-inspecting workload between a CPU and GPU. All packets are initially inspected by the CPU and filtered using a simple pre-filtering algorithm, and packets that might contain malicious content are sent to the GPU for further inspection. Test results indicate that in terms of random payload traffic, the matching speed of our proposed algorithm was 3.4 times and 2.7 times faster than those of the AC-CPU and AC-GPU algorithms, respectively. Further, HPMA achieved higher energy efficiency than the other tested algorithms.
Double autophagy modulators reduce 2-deoxyglucose uptake in sarcoma patients
(2015-10-06)
Chi, Mau-Shin
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Lee, Cheng-Yen
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Huang, Su-Chen
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Yang, Kai-Lin
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Ko, Hui-Ling
Rationale: According to the metabolic symbiosis model, cancer stromal fibroblasts could be hijacked by surrounding cancer cells into a state of autophagy with aerobic glycolysis to help provide recycled nutrients. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether combined treatment with the autophagy inhibitor: hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) and the autophagy inducer: sirolimus (rapamycin, Rapa) would reduce glucose utilization in sarcoma patients. Methods: Ten sarcoma patients who failed first-line treatment were enrolled in this study. They were treated with 1 mg of Rapa and 200 mg of HCQ twice daily for two weeks. The standardized uptake values (SUV) from pretreatment and posttreatment [F-18]-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG PET) scans were reviewed, and changes from the baseline SUVmax were evaluated. Results: Based on FDG PET response criteria, six patients had a partial response; three had stable disease, and one had progressive disease. Nevertheless, none of them showed a reduction in tumor volume. The mean SUVmax reduction in the 34 lesions evaluated was -19.6% (95% CI = -30.1% to -9.1%), while the mean volume change was +16.4% (95% CI = +5.8% to + 27%). Only grade 1 toxicities were observed. Elevated serum levels of lactate dehydrogenase were detected after treatment in most metabolic responders. Conclusions: The results of reduced SUVmax without tumor volume reduction after two weeks of Rapa and HCQ treatment may indicate that non-proliferative glycolysis occurred mainly in the cancer associated fibroblast compartment, and decreased glycolytic activity was evident from Rapa + HCQ double autophagy modulator treatment.
Triple-layer dissection of the lung adenocarcinoma transcriptome - regulation at the gene, transcript, and exon levels
(2015-10-06)
Hsu, Min-Kung
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Wu, I-Ching
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Cheng, Ching-Chia
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Su, Jen-Liang
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Hsieh, Chang-Huain
Lung adenocarcinoma is one of the most deadly human diseases. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this disease, particularly RNA splicing, have remained underexplored. Here, we report a triple-level (gene-, transcript-, and exon-level) analysis of lung adenocarcinoma transcriptomes from 77 paired tumor and normal tissues, as well as an analysis pipeline to overcome genetic variability for accurate differentiation between tumor and normal tissues. We report three major results. First, more than 5,000 differentially expressed transcripts/exonic regions occur repeatedly in lung adenocarcinoma patients. These transcripts/exonic regions are enriched in nicotine metabolism and ribosomal functions in addition to the pathways enriched for differentially expressed genes (cell cycle, extracellular matrix receptor interaction, and axon guidance). Second, classification models based on rationally selected transcripts or exonic regions can reach accuracies of 0.93 to 1.00 in differentiating tumor from normal tissues. Of the 28 selected exonic regions, 26 regions correspond to alternative exons located in such regulators as tumor suppressor (GDF10), signal receptor (LYVE1), vascular-specific regulator (RASIP1), ubiquitination mediator (RNF5), and transcriptional repressor (TRIM27). Third, classification systems based on 13 to 14 differentially expressed genes yield accuracies near 100%. Genes selected by both detection methods include C16orf59, DAP3, ETV4, GABARAPL1, PPAR, RADIL, RSPO1, SERTM1, SRPK1, ST6GALNAC6, and TNXB. Our findings imply a multilayered lung adenocarcinoma regulome in which transcript-/exon-level regulation may be dissociated from gene-level regulation. Our described method may be used to identify potentially important genes/transcripts/exonic regions for the tumorigenesis of lung adenocarcinoma and to construct accurate tumor vs. normal classification systems for this disease.
Nitrite selective anion receptor based on 1-methyl-1H-perimidine
(2015-10-07)
Pandian, Thiravidamani Senthil
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Srinivasadesikan, Venkatesan
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Lin, M. C.
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Kang, Jongmin
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應用化學系
A new anion receptor 1, which utilizes only C-H hydrogen bonding have been designed and synthesized. This receptor utilizes both aromatic C-H (two perimidine C2-H, anthracene 9-H) and aliphatic C-H (two perimidine 1-methyl C-H, two benzylic C-H) as hydrogen bonding moieties. The receptor 1 is found to have considerable binding affinity for weakly basic anions even in polar solvent such as DMSO. In addition, receptor 1 is selective for nitrite. The experimental data from UV-vis, fluorescence and H-1 NMR titration are consistent with theoretical studies. The order of the interaction of the C-H groups of perimidine containing receptor with NO2- anion is found to be perimidine (C-H)>methylene (C-H)>methyl (C-H)>anthracene (C-H). 0 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Enhanced mixing via alternating injection in radial Hele-Shaw flows
(2015-10-07)
Chen, Ching-Yao
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Huang, Yi-Cheng
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Huang, Yu-Sheng
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Miranda, Jose A.
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機械工程學系
Mixing at low Reynolds numbers, especially in the framework of confined flows occurring in Hele-Shaw cells, porous media, and microfluidic devices, has attracted considerable attention lately. Under such circumstances, enhanced mixing is limited due to the lack of turbulence, and absence of sizable inertial effects. Recent studies, performed in rectangular Hele-Shaw cells, have demonstrated that the combined action of viscous fluid fingering and alternating injection can dramatically improve mixing efficiency. In this work, we revisit this important fluid mechanical problem, and analyze it in the context of radial Hele-Shaw flows. The development of radial fingering instabilities under alternating injection conditions is investigated by intensive numerical simulations. We focus on the impact of the relevant physical parameters of the problem (Peclet number Pe, viscosity contrast A, and injection time interval Delta t) on fluid mixing performance.
METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING PLATINUM NANOPARTICLE SOLUTION AND SELF-ASSEMBLED PLATINUM COUNTER ELECTRODE THEREOF
(2015-10-08)
DIAU Eric Wei-Guang
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TSAI Chia-Hung
;
LI Lu-Lin
;
WU Hsin-Hui
The present invention provides a method for manufacturing platinum nanoparticle solution and a self-assembled platinum counter electrode thereof. The present invention adopts a polyol reduction method and controls the reduction reaction periods under various pH conditions. After the platinum nanoparticle dispersion solution of uniformly distributed platinum nanoparticles having small sizes is produced, the self-assembled platinum nanoparticles are adsorbed on a functionalized surface of a conductive substrate by dip coating at the normal temperature. Therefore, the structure of a platinum nanoparticle monolayer is formed, to obtain the self-assembled platinum counter electrode with a homogeneous single layer on the surface. This process is much simpler without adding any stabilizers or surfactants, without involving any subsequent heat treatments, and it consumes less amount of the platinum material. By employing the present invention for commercialization, the cost of mass production for the dye-sensitized solar cell application is thus reduced.
HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS AND THE SYNTHESIS METHOD THEREOF
(2015-10-08)
Cheng Yen-Ju
;
Cheng Sheng-Wen
;
Chiou De-Yang
A synthesis method of a heterocyclic compound is disclosed. The synthesis method includes steps of: carrying out a McMurry coupling reaction on a first compound having a carbonyl group to form a second compound, wherein the second compound includes an alkyl group which is symmetrical to a symmetrical center, and carrying out a 6π-cyclization on the second compound to form a third compound.
Light Emitting Diode Device
(2015-10-08)
CHU Hung-Shen
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LIN Da-Wei
;
KUO Hao-Chung
A light emitting diode device comprises the transparent conductive layer is formed on the conductive substrate, the p-type semiconductor layer is formed on the transparent conductive layer, the active layer is formed on the p-type semiconductor layer, and the n-type semiconductor layer is formed on the active layer, the buffer layer is formed on the n-type semiconductor layer, and a metal electrode is formed on a rough and uneven surface of the buffer layer, in which the electrical property of the n-type semiconductor layer is opposites to that of the p-type semiconductor layer. The reflective effect within the light emitting diode device can be increased. In addition, by reducing the thickness of the undoped GaN layer, the absorption of ultraviolet light inside the components of the light emitting diode device can be reduced.
Light Emitting Diode Device Having Super Lattice Structure and a Nano-Structure Layer
(2015-10-08)
LEE Chia-Yu
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LIN Da-Wei
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TZOU An-Jye
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KUO Hao-Chung
A light emitting diode device is provided, which comprises a silicon-based substrate, a buffer layer, a super lattice structure layer, a nano-structure layer, a first semiconductor layer, a light emitting layer, and a second semiconductor layer. The buffer layer is formed on the silicon-based substrate, the super lattice structure layer is formed on the buffer layer, the nano-structure layer is formed on the super lattice structure layer, a first semiconductor layer is formed on the nano-structure layer, and the light emitting layer is formed between the first semiconductor layer and the second semiconductor layer. The super lattice layer and the nano-structure can release the stress within the light emitting diode device, and reduce the epitaxy defect, so that the internal quantum effect and the external quantum effect can be increased.
SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE AND FORMATION THEREOF
(2015-10-08)
Chien Chao-Hsin
;
Chung Cheng-Ting
;
Chen Che-Wei
A semiconductor device and methods of formation are provided. The semiconductor device includes a first metal alloy over a first active region of a fin and a second metal alloy over a second active region of the fin. A conductive layer is over a channel region of the fin. A semiconductive layer is over the conductive layer. The conductive layer over the channel region suppresses current leakage and the semiconductive layer over the conductive layer reduces electro flux from a source to a drain, as compared to a channel region that does not have such a conductive layer or a semiconductive layer over a conductive layer. The semiconductor device having the first metal alloy as at least one of the source or drain requires a lower activation temperature than a semiconductor device that does not have a metal alloy as a source or a drain.
人生高年級　生命正發光
(2015-10-11)
梅瑞庭
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Department of Communication and Technology
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傳播與科技學系
一位年輕的職場女強人，和一位重返職場的老先生，從相知到相惜，成為彼此身命中的貴人。
衝突鑽石　染血的浪漫
(2015-10-11)
許心如
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Department of Communication and Technology
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傳播與科技學系
象徵真愛恆久不變的鑽石，卻是非洲礦工無限輪迴的夢魘，被貿易商層層剝削後留下的是貧窮與血淚。
高中制服日　回不去的從前
(2015-10-11)
李宗諺
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Department of Communication and Technology
;
傳播與科技學系
小時候希望能夠快快長大，長大後才發覺還是以前美好，高中制服日能讓人們短暫回憶過去、重溫高中時代。
從美術到科學的勇敢跨越
(2015-10-11)
陳緯僑
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Department of Communication and Technology
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傳播與科技學系
學習美術20年的曾映舜，為了夢想，勇敢克服了種種困境與挑戰，終於成為了一位科學研究員。