Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2016-04-01"

Now showing 1 - 20 of 17700

Improved linearity and reliability in GaN metal-oxide-semiconductor high-electron-mobility transistors using nanolaminate La2O3/SiO2 gate dielectric
(2016-04)
Hsu, Ching-Hsiang
;
Shih, Wang-Cheng
;
Lin, Yueh-Chin
;
Hsu, Heng-Tung
;
Hsu, Hisang-Hua
Improved device performance to enable high-linearity power applications has been discussed in this study. We have compared the La2O3/SiO2 AlGaN/GaN metal-oxide-semiconductor high-electron-mobility transistors (MOS-HEMTs) with other La2O3-based (La2O3/HfO2, La2O3/CeO2 and single La2O3) MOS-HEMTs. It was found that forming lanthanum silicate films can not only improve the dielectric quality but also can improve the device characteristics. The improved gate insulation, reliability, and linearity of the 8 nm La2O3/SiO2 MOS-HEMT were demonstrated. (C) 2016 The Japan Society of Applied Physics
Simultaneous imaging of fat crystallinity and crystal polymorphic types by Raman microspectroscopy
(2016-04-01)
Motoyama, Michiyo
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Ando, Masahiro
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Sasaki, Keisuke
;
Nakajima, Ikuyo
;
Chikuni, Koichi
The crystalline states of fats, i.e., the crystallinity and crystal polymorphic types, strongly influence their physical properties in fat-based foods. Imaging of fat crystalline states has thus been a subject of abiding interest, but conventional techniques cannot image crystallinity and polymorphic types all at once. This article demonstrates a new technique using Raman microspectroscopy for simultaneously imaging the crystallinity and polymorphic types of fats. The crystallinity and beta\' crystal polymorph, which contribute to the hardness of fat-based food products, were quantitatively visualized in a model fat (porcine adipose tissue) by analyzing several key Raman bands. The emergence of the beta crystal polymorph, which generally results in food product deterioration, was successfully imaged by analyzing the whole fingerprint regions of Raman spectra using multivariate curve resolution alternating least squares analysis. The results demonstrate that the crystalline states of fats can be nondestructively visualized and analyzed at the molecular level, in situ, without laborious sample pretreatments. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Predictors of Organizational Citizenship Behavior: Ethical Leadership and Workplace Jealousy
(2016-04)
Wang, Yau-De
;
Sung, Wen-Chuan
;
管理科學系
;
Department of Management Science
This study examined the relationships of perceived ethical leadership, workplace jealousy, and organizational citizenship behaviors (OCB) directed at individuals (OCBI) and organizations (OCBO). Survey responses were collected from 491 employee-coworker pairs from 33 hospitals in Taiwan. The employees provided assessments of their perceived ethical leadership and the workplace jealousy they experienced, while the coworkers provided information about the employees\' OCBI and OCBO. In the hypotheses testing, perceived ethical leadership was found to be negatively related to employees\' workplace jealousy and jealousy was negatively related to their OCBI and OCBO. Workplace jealousy partially mediated the effect of ethical leadership on OCBI and OCBO. In addition, perceived ethical leadership was found to have a moderation effect on the jealousy-OCBI/OCBO relationship. This study contributes to the literature of ethical leadership as well as to the literature of OCB by relating workplace jealousy to OCB and by making sense of the effects of ethical leadership on OCB through the mediation of jealousy and through the moderation of ethical leadership on the jealousy-OCB relationship.
Mandarin-English bilingual vocabulary development in an English-immersion preschool: How does it compare with monolingual development?
(2016-04)
Lin, Lu-Chun
;
Johnson, Cynthia J.
;
英語教學研究所
;
Institute of Teaching English to speakers of other Languages
Aims and objectives: A common phenomenon in many Asian countries is parents enrolling their preschoolers in bilingual or English-immersion programs to provide a head start in learning English. A frequently raised concern is that learning English too early can hamper children\'s language development. This study examined the receptive and expressive vocabularies of children in an English-immersion preschool in Taiwan and compared their receptive and expressive vocabulary skills to those of their monolingual peers. Methodology: Mandarin receptive and expressive vocabulary tests were individually administered to 25 bilingual Mandarin-English-speaking and 24 monolingual Mandarin-speaking 5-year-olds, while standardized English receptive and expressive vocabulary tests were given to the bilinguals only. Data analysis: Multivariate analysis of variance and one-sample t-tests were performed to determine whether the bilinguals showed a gap in the development of receptive and expressive vocabulary compared to Mandarin monolingual peers or to English monolingual norms. Follow-up analyses were further conducted to determine differences between the bilingual and monolingual groups on specific vocabulary items. Findings and conclusions: Findings corroborate previous studies that show relatively smaller receptive and expressive vocabularies in bilinguals\' L1 and L2. Follow-up analyses further suggest the circumstance-specific and distributed nature of bilingual vocabulary. Possible explanations proposed in the literature and the present study provide an insight into the nature of bilingual vocabulary development. Originality and implications: The present study provides a preliminary understanding of Mandarin-English vocabulary development in a group of bilingual preschoolers learning English in an English-as-a-foreign language-immersion program, a less-studied context. Insight into the nature of bilingual vocabulary development in different contexts should enable concerned parents and language educators to provide language-rich home and school environments, with exposure to a variety of words and support for learning translation equivalents.
Influence of alignment layers on crystal growth of polymer-stabilized blue phase liquid crystals
(2016-04-01)
Chen, Po-Ju
;
Chen, Michael
;
Ni, Shih-Ya
;
Chen, Hung-Shan
;
Lin, Yi-Hsin
The feature that devices based on blue phase liquid crystals (BPLCs) is free of alignment layers. However, the alignment layers could affect the morphologies of BPLC-devices as well as the electro-optical properties. In this paper, we investigate the influence of alignment layers to crystal growth of polymer-stabilized blue phase liquid crystals (PS-BPLCs). Without alignment layer, PS-BPLCs experiences both homogeneous nucleation and heterogeneous nucleation, and the morphology appears in random crystal orientations. On the contrary, when the surfaces coated with alignment layers, a heterogeneous nucleation dominates during the crystal growth process. We further proposed a possible mechanism for crystal growth under different surface condition. This study provides an alternative method to control crystal growth of PS-BPLCs, which is for facilitating many PS-BPLCs based photonic devices. (C) 2016 Optical Society of America
Weighted Reproducing Kernel Collocation Method and Error Analysis for Inverse Cauchy Problems
(2016-04)
Yang, Judy P.
;
Guan, Pai-Chen
;
Fan, Chia-Ming
;
土木工程學系
;
Department of Civil Engineering
In this work, the weighted reproducing kernel collocation method (weighted RKCM) is introduced to solve the inverse Cauchy problems governed by both homogeneous and inhomogeneous second-order linear partial differential equations. As the inverse Cauchy problem is known for the incomplete boundary conditions, how to numerically obtain an accurate solution to the problem is a challenging task. We first show that the weighted RKCM for solving the inverse Cauchy problems considered is formulated in the least-squares sense. Then, we provide the corresponding error analysis to show how the errors in the domain and on the boundary can be balanced with proper weights. The numerical examples demonstrate that the weighted discrete systems improve the accuracy of solutions and exhibit optimal convergence rates in comparison with those obtained by the traditional direct collocation method. It is shown that neither implementation of regularization nor implementation of iteration is needed to reach the desired accuracy. Further, the locality of reproducing kernel approximation gets rid of the ill-conditioned system.
Use of RSOA-transmitter for OFDM colorless WDM-PON communication
(2016-04)
Yeh, C. H.
;
Chow, C. W.
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Sung, J. Y.
;
Wu, Y. F.
;
光電工程學系
In this investigation, we propose and demonstrate a wavelength-tunable self-seeding 1.2 GHz reflective semiconductor optical amplifier (RSOA)-based transmitter in each optical network unit for colorless wavelength-division-multiplexed passive optical network access. The output wavelength of the proposed RSOA-based laser can be tuned in the whole C-band. Here, we apply an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) modulation with bit-loading algorithm on RSOA laser to modulate 3.5 Gbps data rate directly for upstream traffic. In addition, we employ a 2.5 GHz direct modulation laser in the head-end to generate 10 Gbps 16-QAM OFDM signal for downstream traffic. Therefore, after transmitting through 20 km single-mode fiber, power penalties of 1.4 and 2.8 dB are observed for downstream and upstream traffics, respectively, under the forward error correction threshold [bit error rate = 3.8 9 10(-3)].
一位非洲知識分子的形成：與馬穆德．曼達尼（Mahmood Mamdani）對談
(深河出版有限公司, 2016-04-01)
沈思
Preparation of Silicon Nanowire Field-effect Transistor for Chemical and Biosensing Applications
(2016-04)
Wu, Jennifer Yun-Shin
;
Lin, Chih-Heng
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Feng, Mei-Huei
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Chen, Chien-Hung
;
Su, Ping-Chia
Surveillance using biomarkers is critical for the early detection, rapid intervention, and reduction in the incidence of diseases. In this study, we describe the preparation of polycrystalline silicon nanowire field-effect transistors (pSNWFETs) that serve as biosensing devices for biomarker detection. A protocol for chemical and biomolecular sensing by using pSNWFETs is presented. The pSNWFET device was demonstrated to be a promising transducer for real-time, label-free, and ultra-high-sensitivity biosensing applications. The source/drain channel conductivity of a pSNWFET is sensitive to changes in the environment around its silicon nanowire (SNW) surface. Thus, by immobilizing probes on the SNW surface, the pSNWFET can be used to detect various biotargets ranging from small molecules (dopamine) to macromolecules (DNA and proteins). Immobilizing a bioprobe on the SNW surface, which is a multistep procedure, is vital for determining the specificity of the biosensor. It is essential that every step of the immobilization procedure is correctly performed. We verified surface modifications by directly observing the shift in the electric properties of the pSNWFET following each modification step. Additionally, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was used to examine the surface composition following each modification. Finally, we demonstrated DNA sensing on the pSNWFET. This protocol provides step-by-step procedures for verifying bioprobe immobilization and subsequent DNA biosensing application.
Combination of Aurora A and Haspin inhibitors enhances p53 expression and tumor growth inhibition in human colorectal cancer
(2016-04-01)
Chang, Yun-Hsuan
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Lin, Chien-I
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Chen, Zan-Chu
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Liu, Kuang-Kai
;
Chao, Jui-I
A time-delay calibrated method for cornea hysteresis and intraocular pressure measurement
(2016-04-01)
Wang, Kuo-Jen
;
Tsai, Che-Liang
;
Wang, Wai
;
Hsu, Long
;
Hsu, Ken-Yuh
The presence of cornea hysteresis (CH) in characterizing the intraocular pressure (IOP) of a human eye deteriorates the accuracy of IOP. To suppress CH, the pressure gauge of a tonometer must be located as close as possible to the cornea. However, this arrangement is unpractical because appropriate working distance to the cornea is required. In this paper, a time-delay calibrated (TDC) method is proposed to counteract the undesired effect of CH in characterizing the IOP. Employing this TDC method, the CH approaches to zero for most eyes measured.
Liquid crystal-doped liquid electrolytes for dye-sensitized solar cell applications
(2016-04-01)
Huang, Chi-Yen
;
You, Chang-Feng
;
Cheng, Cheng-En
;
Lei, Bi-Cheng
;
Jhang, Jia-Cih
We investigate the effects of liquid crystals (LCs) on the power conversion efficiency of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The photovoltaic and electrochemical impedance spectra indicate that minute amounts of LC dopant decrease the short-current density of DSSCs because the doped LCs reduce the electrochemical reaction rate between DSSC counter electrode and electrolyte. The doped LCs delay the degradation rates of DSSCs because of the interaction between cyano groups of the doped LCs and organic solvent in the liquid electrolyte. Owing to the molecular interaction, the doped LCs increase the viscosity and stability, thereby inhibiting the evaporation rate of the liquid electrolyte. (C) 2016 Optical Society of America
Graphene-based chips fabricated by ultraviolet laser patterning for an electrochemical impedance spectroscopy
(2016-04-01)
Tseng, Shih-Feng
;
Haiso, Wen-Tse
;
Cheng, Pi-Ying
;
Chung, Chien-Kai
;
Lin, Yung-Sheng
This study aims to develop graphene-based impedance chips for an electrochemical impedance instrument fabricated by ultraviolet (UV) laser patterning. The finger-like electrode structure on multilayer graphene films coated on glass substrates was performed in a one-cycle laser patterning process. After a series of laser ablated line tests, the ablated line widths increased with increasing laser fluences. The optimal laser patterning parameters involved the laser fluence of 3.4 J/cm(2), scanning speed of 600 mm/s, and pulse repetition frequency of 100 kHz to remove completely a graphene electrode layer without damaging glass substrate. The patterned regions had no significant heat-affacted zones (HAZs) due to graphene materials with high thermal diffusivity. To clarify graphene removal completely, the patterned regions on graphene/glass substrates were detected by a Raman microscope. The developed impedance-sensing chips had been successfully applied to detect the phase separation for emulsions containing emulsifiers with 15%, 17.5%, and 20% Polysorbate 80 (Tween 80) concentrations. We found that the separation time increased with increasing the emulsifier concentration. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
表層拓印高分子及其製備方法
(2016-04-01)
張淑閔
;
方峙翔
;
徐樹剛
本發明提供一種表層拓印高分子及其製備方法，該製備方法包含：將功能性單體、交聯劑、標的物模板溶於溶劑中以獲得前驅混合物，其中功能性單體之水解縮合速率係低於交聯劑之水解縮合速率，交聯劑之濃度大於功能性單體，且功能性單體與標的物模板形成一複合物；使前驅混合物之交聯劑進行聚合反應，以獲得聚合物，其中交聯劑依複合物之立體結構進行聚合反應以將複合物包埋於聚合物之內部或表層；之後移除聚合物中之標的物模板以形成拓印孔洞並露出功能性單體，從而獲得表層拓印高分子。
Impact of gate dielectrics and oxygen annealing on tin-oxide thin-film transistors
(2016-04)
Zhong, Chia-Wen
;
Lin, Horng-Chih
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Tsai, Jung-Ruey
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Liu, Kou-Chen
;
Huang, Tiao-Yuan
In this work, we study the impact of gate dielectrics on the characteristics of bottom-gated tin-oxide thin-film transistors annealed in an oxygen ambience at 300 degrees C for various periods. SiO2, HfO2, and Al2O3 are employed as the gate dielectric in the test devices. The results show that the devices will start exhibiting p-type conduction behavior as the annealing reaches a specific time period which is closely related to the underlying gate dielectric, and the device characteristics can be improved as the annealing proceeds further. Nonetheless, a prolonged annealing may cause degradation of the devices. High hole mobility (3.33 cm(2)V(-1)s(-1)), low threshold voltage (1.95 V), and excellent I-on/I-off ratio (similar to 10(4)) are achieved on SnO TFTs with a SiO2 gate dielectric after an annealing of 30 min. (C) 2016 The Japan Society of Applied Physics
Measurement of Cosmic-ray Muon-induced Spallation Neutrons in the Aberdeen Tunnel Underground Laboratory
(2016-04-01)
Blyth, S. C.
;
Chan, Y. L.
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Chen, X. C.
;
Chu, M. C.
;
Cui, K. X.
Muon-induced neutrons are one of the major backgrounds to various underground experiments, such as dark matter searches, low-energy neutrino oscillation experiments and neutrino-less double beta-decay experiments. Previous experiments on the underground production rate of muon-induced neutrons were mostly carried out either at shallow sites or at very deep sites. The Aberdeen Tunnel experiment aims to measure the neutron production rate at a moderate depth of 611 meters water equivalent. Our apparatus comprises of six layers of plastic-scintillator hodoscopes for tracking the incident cosmic-ray muons, and 760 L of gadolinium-doped liquid-scintillator for both neutron production and detection targets. In this paper, we describe the design and the performance of the apparatus. The preliminary result on the measurement of neutron production rate is also presented.
Phase retrieval by using the transport-of-intensity equation with Hilbert transform
(2016-04-01)
Li, Wei-Shuo
;
Chen, Chun-Wei
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Lin, Kuo-Feng
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Chen, Hou-Ren
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Tsai, Chih-Ya
Phase recovery by solving the transport-of-intensity equation (TIE) is a non-iterative and non-interferometric phase retrieval technique. From solving the TIE with conventional, one partial derivative and Hilbert transform methods for both the periodic and aperiodic samples, we demonstrate that the Hilbert transform method can provide the smoother phase images with edge enhancement and fine structures. Furthermore, compared with the images measured by optical and atomic force microscopy, the Hilbert transform method has the ability to quantitatively map out the phase images for both the periodic and aperiodic structures. (C) 2016 Optical Society of America
紀念社大的老林
(深河出版有限公司, 2016-04-01)
李易昆
87% Overall High Efficiency and 11 mu A Ultra-Low Standby Current Derived by Overall Power Management in Laptops With Flexible Voltage Scaling and Dynamic Voltage Scaling Techniques
(2016-04-01)
Yang, Shang-Hsien
;
Chiu, Chao-Chang
;
Chang, Chih-Wei
;
Chen, Chen-Min
;
Meng, Che-Hao
The proposed overall power management in laptops can improve overall power conversion efficiency by the flexible voltage scaling (FVS) technique in cooperation with conventional dynamic voltage scaling (DVS) technique. The FVS technique separates the controller into two parts. One is a simple primary side controller and the other is emerged into the power management unit in the laptop for getting direct power control from the microprocessor. 12% light load efficiency and 7% peak efficiency are improved compared to conventional design with the DVS technique only but without the FVS technique. Furthermore, green mode is proposed to effectively reduce chip quiescent current to 11 mu A and to suppress power loss to 10 m W in ultra-light load, which is much smaller than 500 mW standby power defined by the restriction of Energy Star Standard and 40 mW of state-of-art commercial products.
移住民殖民主義之今昔
(深河出版有限公司, 2016-04-01)
馬穆德．曼達尼
;
楊雅婷