Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2016-09-01"

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Designing Self-Stabilizing Systems Using Game Theory
(2016-09)
Yen, Li-Hsing
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Huang, Jean-Yao
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Turau, Volker
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資訊工程學系
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Department of Computer Science
Self-stabilizing systems tolerate transient faults by always returning to a legitimate system state within a finite time. This goal is challenged by several system features such as arbitrary system states after faults, various process execution models, and constrained process communication means. This work designs selfstabilizing distributed algorithms from the perspective of game theory, achieving an intended system goal through private goals of processes. We propose a generic game design for identifying a maximal independent set (MIS) or a maximal weighted independent set (MWIS) among all processes in a distributed system. From the generic game several specific games can be defined which differ in whether and how neighboring players influence each other. Turning the game designs into self-stabilizing algorithms, we obtain the first algorithms for the MWIS problem and also the first self-stabilizingMIS algorithm that considers node degree (including an analysis of its performance ratio). We also show how to handle simultaneous moves of processes in some process execution models. Simulation results indicate that, for various representative network topologies, the new algorithm outperforms existing methods in terms of MIS size and convergence rate. For the MWIS problem, the new algorithms performed only slightly worse than centralized greedy counterparts.
Selective C(8)-H Activation of Imidazopyridines Mediated by Cooperative Nickel-Aluminum Catalysis
(2016-09-01)
Liu, Cheng-Yuan
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Chen, Ying-Ho
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Chen, Chih-Hao
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Yu, Ming-Shiuan
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Tsai, Fu-Yu
A catalytic paradigm is described featuring a synergistic interaction between nickel, aluminum and different ligands to impart a rather remote C-H alkenylation of imidazo[1,5-a] pyridines at the C-8 position without the necessity of installing a directing group. The scope of the direct C-H activation reactions of various 5-aryl- and 3-arylimidazopyridines is established using different sterically hindered alkynes.
Temperature-dependent electrical and dielectric properties of nematic liquid crystals doped with ferroelectric particles
(2016-09)
Hsiao, Yu-Cheng
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Huang, Sheng-Miao
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Yeh, En-Rong
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Lee, Wei
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影像與生醫光電研究所
We report on the temperature dependence of dielectric properties of nematic liquid crystals impregnated with BaTiO3 (BTO) ferroelectric nanoparticles. The behavior of ion transport at low frequencies is discussed by means of dielectric spectroscopy, which allows the ionic concentration and the relaxation time of electrode polarization to be deduced. The experimental results imply that the ferroelectric nanopartides can not only increase the traveling time of ions between two electrodes but also suppress the buildup of the electric double layers. Verified by the voltage holding ratio of cells containing various contents of BTO nanoparticles, it is obvious that doping BTO into liquid crystals is a low-cost and easy way to improve the device performance. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Uncertainty Assessment of Non-normal Emission Estimates Using Non-Parametric Bootstrap Confidence Intervals
(2016-09)
Tong, L. I.
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Saminathan, R.
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Chang, C. W.
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工業工程與管理學系
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Department of Industrial Engineering and Management
Mitigating global warming problems initially involves reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, therefore the uncertainty of GHG emission estimates needs to be assessed concisely. Although the uncertainty of GHG emission estimates is generally evaluated using classical confidence interval, quantifying the uncertainty based on non-normal GHG emission estimates or small dataset may lead to a significant bias. Using bootstrap confidence intervals is an effective means of reducing such a bias. This study presents a procedure for constructing four bootstrap confidence intervals to assess the uncertainty of GHG emission estimates for three non-normal distributions (namely, Weibull, Gamma and Beta). These bootstrap confidence intervals are standard bootstrap (SB) confidence interval, percentile bootstrap (PB) confidence interval, Bias-corrected percentiles bootstrap (BCPB) confidence interval and bias-corrected and accelerated (BCa) confidence interval. The sensitivity of bootstrap intervals for emission data is examined under various combinations of sample size and parameters of underlying non-normal distributions using three indices: coverage performance, interval mean, and interval standard deviation. Simulation results indicate that the bootstrap confidence intervals for assessing the uncertainty of emission estimates are highly applicable with small sample size and the data distribution is non-normal. Compared with the classical confidence interval, bootstrap confidence intervals have smaller interval mean and smaller interval standard deviation for small sample size under non-normal distributions. This study recommends BCa confidence interval to assess the uncertainty of the emission estimates as long as sample size is 15 or more and the distribution is non-normal. A case study with emission data of the High-Bleed Pneumatic controllers demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed procedure
Mining Health Examination Records-A Graph-Based Approach
(2016-09-01)
Chen, Ling
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Li, Xue
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Sheng, Quan Z.
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Peng, Wen-Chih
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Bennett, John
General health examination is an integral part of healthcare in many countries. Identifying the participants at risk is important for early warning and preventive intervention. The fundamental challenge of learning a classification model for risk prediction lies in the unlabeled data that constitutes the majority of the collected dataset. Particularly, the unlabeled data describes the participants in health examinations whose health conditions can vary greatly from healthy to very-ill. There is no ground truth for differentiating their states of health. In this paper, we propose a graph-based, semi-supervised learning algorithm called SHG-Health (Semi-supervised Heterogeneous Graph on Health) for risk predictions to classify a progressively developing situation with the majority of the data unlabeled. An efficient iterative algorithm is designed and the proof of convergence is given. Extensive experiments based on both real health examination datasets and synthetic datasets are performed to show the effectiveness and efficiency of our method.
An Efficient Decoder Architecture for Nonbinary LDPC Codes With Extended Min-Sum Algorithm
(2016-09)
Lin, Chia-Lung
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Tu, Shu-Wen
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Chen, Chih-Lung
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Chang, Hsie-Chia
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Lee, Chen-Yi
Nonbinary low-density-parity-check (NB-LDPC) codes, an extension of binary LDPC codes, provide stronger error-correcting capability than binary LDPC codes. However, the performance gain comes together with extraordinary increase on decoding complexity and memory requirement. Many simplification algorithms have been proposed in the literature, and the extended min-sum (EMS) algorithm is the one with minimal performance loss. In this brief, we present an efficient decoder architecture for quasi-cyclic NB-LDPC codes with the EMS algorithm. The throughput is improved by not only the double-throughput elementary check node unit but also overlapped processing for both check node and variable node units (VNUs). To reduce memory usage and computing complexity, edge-message hiding and simplified VNU are proposed as well. With these schemes, the postlayout results of a decoder for a (112, 56) NB-LDPC over GF(64) are presented. The core area occupies 2.24mm(2) and consumes 274 mW with a throughput of 124.6 Mb/s. Compared to prior NB-LDPC decoders with a similar code rate, the proposed decoder achieves better hardware efficiency and energy efficiency.
Investigating thermal conductivities of functionalized graphene and graphene/epoxy nanocomposites
(2016-09)
Wang, Tai-Yuan
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Tsai, Jia-Lin
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機械工程學系
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Department of Mechanical Engineering
This research investigated the thermal conductivities of functionalized graphene (FG) and FG/epoxy nanocomposites by using molecular dynamics simulation. The functional groups considered in FG are carboxyl and amine groups. The results indicated that the thermal conductivity of FG is markedly reduced compared with that of pristine graphene. However, the FG/epoxy nanocomposites demonstrated higher thermal conductivity than did the pristine graphene nanocomposites. To understand the enhancement mechanism, the interfacial thermal conductance (ITC) between the FG and the surrounding epoxy matrix was examined. The effects of the FG on ITC were explicated using vibrational density of state and normalized interaction energy. The improvement of the thermal conductivity of FG/epoxy nanocomposites was attributable to the enhancement of the ITC resulting from the functional groups grafted on the graphene surface. In addition, establishing the functional groups facilitates atomistic interaction between the graphene and epoxy, which can reduce the phonon mismatch and enhance the thermal transport efficiency in the nanocomposite. The enhanced thermal conductivity in the FG/epoxy nanocomposites was validated by experimental observation. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Choosing the best index for the average score intraclass correlation coefficient
(2016-09)
Shieh, Gwowen
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管理科學系
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Department of Management Science
The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC)(2) index from a one-way random effects model is widely used to describe the reliability of mean ratings in behavioral, educational, and psychological research. Despite its apparent utility, the essential property of ICC(2) as a point estimator of the average score intraclass correlation coefficient is seldom mentioned. This article considers several potential measures and compares their performance with ICC(2). Analytical derivations and numerical examinations are presented to assess the bias and mean square error of the alternative estimators. The results suggest that more advantageous indices can be recommended over ICC(2) for their theoretical implication and computational ease.
公民抗命與法治共同體：香港的可能
(國立陽明交通大學出版社, 2016-09-01)
彭麗君
自從香港在九七年回歸中國後，中國政府在年輕一代中的認受性每況愈下，而他們對香港主體的認同卻日益加強。2014年的雨傘運動，是反映香港市民反叛中國權力的最重要政治事件。本文旨在反思當中公民抗命的邏輯，尤其是主流香港社會一直視法治為其最重要的核心價值之一，究竟公民抗命和法治之間有何衝突？兩者的關係是制衡還是互構？本文會首先處理法治作為一種殖民管治的手段和邏輯，以理解法治在香港的意識形態運作，再以漢娜‧鄂蘭對法的論述作為參考，討論如何了解法律的兩面性—它既是權力的統治工具、也是人民共同意志的具體體現；它既恆久、也常變；它建立圍墻圈起法治共同體，也同時開展群體對外的關係。也因此，人民對待自己的法律，也應該學習同時質疑和尊重。
Room temperature excitonic dynamics of non-polar a-plane ZnO epifilms
(2016-09)
Lin, Ja-Hon
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Liu, Wei-Rein
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Lin, Yi-Chin
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Su, Hsing-Jung
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Chen, Hou-Ren
Pump polarization dependent carrier dynamics, particularly excitonic dynamics, of non-polar a-plane zinc oxide (ZnO) epifilms with two different thicknesses were investigated using time resolved measurements. Unlike the electron and hole dynamics through the above-bandgap excitation, transient differential reflectance (TDR) traces revealed similar trends under two orthogonal pump polarization conditions relative to the c-axis (E-pu +/- c and E-pu vertical bar vertical bar c) of a-ZnO around near-exciton-resonance excitation. By means of a band diagram, the bandgap renormalization (BGR) effect can be reasonably explained by the screening of the Coulomb potential energy due to the accumulation of relaxed free carriers that were initially excited through the absorption of two cascaded pump photons via the excitonic level, a process known as two photon absorption (TPA). Thus, the modulation depths of the TPA around zero time delay, due to simultaneous absorption of one pump and one probe photon via the excitonic level, increased linearly with the pump fluence, proportional to the modulation depth resulting from the BGR effects. (C) 2016 Author(s).
從海盜邦到耕作村：國家主權下香港的海岸與農地敘述
(國立陽明交通大學出版社, 2016-09-01)
羅貴祥
本文探討香港對本身社會的一些想像，可以被理解為與國家論述交涉甚至對抗的聲音。本文集中討論香港過去的海盜敘述與現在的農地敘述。稱這些為「敘述」，因為它們只能向外在環境投射一些想像，只是些模糊信念，不是統一連貫的意識形態系統。這些故事敘述的內容自相矛盾、犯駁，因為它們往往是集體經驗與想法的混合體，而不是深思熟慮的創作。在張保仔的傳奇裡，海盜組織是50年代香港難民社會的縮影。海盜故事敘述最吸引香港人的，是海盜從沒有政治意識形態的束縛。左右逢源以取得自主的求生狀態，被香港的敘述吸納，投射為在中西之間擔任買辦的殖民地故事。二十一世紀面對不斷壯大的中國主權國勢力，香港出現了另一種尚在起步的農地敘述。它不僅是關於農田耕作的，更與整體的香港土地使用有關。抗衡中國政府的霸權，香港農地故事敘述可以被視為一種本地充權、試圖重建社群的欲望。這種敘述鼓吹復興農業，並嵌入了不少當下世界的流行理念，例如生態運動、有機耕作、食物自主與安全、環保意識、文化保育等等。當代世界已經愈來愈受國家政府的控制、管治，逃離的空間似乎變得不可能，但這些敘述即使只是一種幻想，也可以讓本已被遺忘抹掉的東西若隱若現，造就看似不可能的改變。
Estimation of a Modified Capability Index for Non-Normal Distributions
(2016-09)
Pearn, W. L.
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Tai, Y. T.
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Wang, H. T.
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工業工程與管理學系
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Department of Industrial Engineering and Management
Process capability indices (PCIs), which are very important in quality control have been one of a numerical measure index in manufacturing processes. Index C-pk is the most popular one used in the manufacturing industry. It is applied under the assumption that the processes are normally distributed. In real-world applications, non-normal processes may occur in industries, and the index C-Npk has been proposed for non-normal processes in which its exact sampling distribution is mathematically intractable. Quality practitioners commonly use the existing NCPPM (non-conformities in parts per million) table of C-pk to obtain process yields. However, the table could not be applied directly via the value of index CNpk. For the consistency of NCPPM mapping, we propose procedures to obtain the modified index C-Npk* and its approximately unbiased estimator C-Npk* for three non-normal distributions, involving Log-normal, Gamma, and Weibull distributions. The values of modified index C-Npk* could be used to inquire the existing popular NCPPM table of C-pk. In addition, four bootstrap methods were used to construct the lower confidence bounds of the index C-Npk*, which are useful to the practitioners for making reliable decisions regarding process performance based on process yield.
NETWORK TESTING AND ANALYTICS
(2016-09)
Lin, Ying-Dar
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Johnson, Erica
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Atov, Irena
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交大名義發表
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National Chiao Tung University
評介阿斯特莉特‧埃爾《文化中的記憶》
(國立陽明交通大學出版社, 2016-09-01)
潘博成
Advance purchase behaviors of air passengers: A continuous logit model
(2016-09)
Chiou, Yu-Chiun
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Liu, Chia-Hsin
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運輸與物流管理系註：原交通所+運管所
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Department of Transportation and Logistics Management
Modeling the advance purchase behaviors of air passengers is essential when airlines develop revenue management strategies. Therefore, this study empirically investigates advance purchase behaviors based on the air ticket transaction data by using a continuous logit model. The estimation results show that advance purchase behaviors are significantly affected by price, price uncertainty, time of day (morning, afternoon and evening flight), days of week (flight on Friday), months of year (peak or off-peak seasons), and consecutive holiday. Accordingly, different pricing strategies should be used for different flights to maximize revenue. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Loneliness in late-life depression: structural and functional connectivity during affective processing
(2016-09)
Wong, N. M. L.
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Liu, H. -L.
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Lin, C.
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Huang, C. -M.
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Wai, Y. -Y.
Background Late-life depression (LLD) in the elderly was reported to present with emotion dysregulation accompanied by high perceived loneliness. Previous research has suggested that LLD is a disorder of connectivity and is associated with aberrant network properties. On the other hand, perceived loneliness is found to adversely affect the brain, but little is known about its neurobiological basis in LLD. The current study investigated the relationships between the structural connectivity, functional connectivity during affective processing, and perceived loneliness in LLD. Method The current study included 54 participants aged >60 years of whom 31 were diagnosed with LLD. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) data and task-based functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data of an affective processing task were collected. Network-based statistics and graph theory techniques were applied, and the participants\' perceived loneliness and depression level were measured. The affective processing task included viewing affective stimuli. Results Structurally, a loneliness-related sub-network was identified across all subjects. Functionally, perceived loneliness was related to connectivity differently in LLD than that in controls when they were processing negative stimuli, with aberrant networking in subcortical area. Conclusions Perceived loneliness was identified to have a unique role in relation to the negative affective processing in LLD at the functional brain connectional and network levels. The findings increas our understanding of LLD and provide initial evidence of the neurobiological mechanisms of loneliness in LLD. Loneliness might be a potential intervention target in depressive patients.
Linking perceived ethical climate to organizational deviance: The cognitive, affective, and attitudinal mechanisms
(2016-09)
Hsieh, Hui-Hsien
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Wang, Yau-De
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管理科學系
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Department of Management Science
In this study, we extend previous research by proposing and testing three psychological mechanisms explaining the relationship between perceived ethical climate and organizational deviance. We collected data from a sample of 212 pairs of employees and their coworkers from seven electronics companies in Taiwan and used structural equation modeling to test our hypotheses on the matched employee-coworker data. The results of this study confirmed our hypothesis concerning the mediation of employees\' job.satisfaction on the relationship between their perceived ethical climate and organizational deviance. According to the results, we also found that employees\' perceived organizational support and positive affect mediated the above relationship through job satisfaction. After the above mediation effects were accounted for, we found that there remained an almost-nil association between perceived ethical climate and organizational deviance, Implications for management and future research are discussed. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Electrical Analysis and PBTI Reliability of In0.53Ga0.47As MOSFETs With AlN Passivation Layer and NH3 Postremote Plasma Treatment
(2016-09)
Chang, Po-Chun
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Luc, Quang-Ho
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Lin, Yueh-Chin
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Liu, Shih-Chien
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Lin, Yen-Ku
We report a notable improvement in performance, electron transport, and reliability of HfO2/In0.53Ga0.47As nMOSFETs using a plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition AlN interfacial passivation layer (IPL) and NH3 postremote plasma treatment (PRPT). The interface state density Dit decreased by approximately one order of magnitude from 6.1x10(12) to 4x10(11) cm(-2)eV(-1), and the border trap density N-bt also declined ten times from 2.8x10(19) to 2.7x10(18) cm(-3), resulting in the reduction of the accumulation frequency dispersion and eliminate the inversion hump in C-V characteristics, and thus improves the device performances. Furthermore, positive bias temperature instability stress indicates that the sample with the AlN IPL and NH3 PRPT is more reliable than the sample without any IPL and plasma treatment. During PBT stress, a smaller threshold voltage shift and less transconductance degradation were observed for the sample with the AlN IPL and NH3 PRPT. In addition, the maximum overdrive voltage for a ten-year operating lifetime increased from 0.19 to 0.41 V.
Exploring the application of latent class cluster analysis for investigating pedestrian crash injury severities in Switzerland (vol 85, pg 219, 2015)
(2016-09)
Sasidharan, Lekshmi
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Wu, Kun-Feng
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Menendez, Monica
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運輸與物流管理系註：原交通所+運管所
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Department of Transportation and Logistics Management
Nucleotide-Dependent Bioautocatalytic Timer Reaction
(2016-09)
Chen, Ting-Ru
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Hsu, Ching-Fong
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Chen, Chih-Lin
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Witek, Henryk A.
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Urban, Pawel L.
We describe a biochemical timer composed of three biocatalytic reactions involving three types of adenylate nucleotides: adenosine triphosphate (ATP), adenosine diphosphate (ADP), and adenosine monophosphate (AMP). The timer is triggered by a small amount of ATP or ADP. An abrupt increase in the ATP concentration (following numerous amplification cycles) leads to a sudden increase of luminescence from the reaction mixture. The time point when the luminescence appears is found to be a function of the initial concentration of the triggering nucleotide (5.0 X 10(-8)-1.0 X 10(-6) M), even in the presence of a complex biological matrix. The mechanism of the observed dependence of the time of luminescence increase on the concentration has been confirmed with simple kinetic models. Due to the biocompatibility of the proposed trienzymatic reaction scheme (sensitivity to common nucleotides and occurrence in a neutral pH aqueous environment), the scheme can be used in bioengineered systems that require modulation of the response time (light emission) by concentration.