Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2016-10-05"

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交大e-News第218期-頒授美國福茂集團副董事長趙安吉女士名譽博士學位
(2016-10-05)
國立交通大學秘書室
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Secretariat
High Mobility MoS2 Transistor with Low Schottky Barrier Contact by Using Atomic Thick h-BN as a Tunneling Layer
(2016-10-05)
Wang, Jingli
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Yao, Qian
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Huang, Chun-Wei
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Zou, Xuming
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Liao, Lei
High-performance MoS2 transistors are developed using atomic hexagonal boron nitride as a tunneling layer to reduce the Schottky barrier and achieve low contact resistance between metal and MoS2. Benefiting from the ultrathin tunneling layer within 0.6 nm, the Schottky barrier is significantly reduced from 158 to 31 meV with small tunneling resistance.
Hydro gel light-guiding conjunction for absorptive type multi-ions detection
(2016-10-05)
Lin, Hung-Cheng
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Yang, Sean Tsungyeh
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Ng, Sock Hoon
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Zan, Hsiao-Wen
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Meng, Hsin-Fei
We present a novel miniaturized solid state sensor produced by embedding two optical fibers in a sensing hydro gel conjunction. The conjunction is a poly (2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (poly HEMA) hydro gel mixed with two kinds of selective fluorescent probes. Meso-2,6-Dichlorophenyltripyrrinone (TPN-Cl2) is used to react with zinc ion (Zn2+) and the synthesized "Chemosensor 1" is used to detect ferric ion (Fe3+). This hydro gel conjunction can serve as a light-guiding waveguide that allows light signals to transfer between two fibers. By using a multi-wavelength excitation light, a mixed solution that contains Zn2+ and Fe3+ can be detected in real-time. This miniaturized sensor develops an image for real-time monitoring of Zn2+ and Fe3+ ions in vivo. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Phylogenetic tree construction using trinucleotide usage profile (TUP)
(2016-10-06)
Chen, Si
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Deng, Lih-Yuan
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Bowman, Dale
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Shiau, Jyh-Jen Horng
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Wong, Tit-Yee
Background: It has been a challenging task to build a genome-wide phylogenetic tree for a large group of species containing a large number of genes with long nucleotides sequences. The most popular method, called feature frequency profile (FFP-k), finds the frequency distribution for all words of certain length k over the whole genome sequence using (overlapping) windows of the same length. For a satisfactory result, the recommended word length (k) ranges from 6 to 15 and it may not be a multiple of 3 (codon length). The total number of possible words needed for FFP-k can range from 4(6) = 4096 to 4(15). Results: We propose a simple improvement over the popular FFP method using only a typical word length of 3. A new method, called Trinucleotide Usage Profile (TUP), is proposed based only on the (relative) frequency distribution using non-overlapping windows of length 3. The total number of possible words needed for TUP is 43 = 64, which is much less than the total count for the recommended optimal " resolution" for FFP. To build a phylogenetic tree, we propose first representing each of the species by a TUP vector and then using an appropriate distance measure between pairs of the TUP vectors for the tree construction. In particular, we propose summarizing a DNA sequence by a matrix of three rows corresponding to three reading frames, recording the frequency distribution of the non-overlapping words of length 3 in each of the reading frame. We also provide a numerical measure for comparing trees constructed with various methods. Conclusions: Compared to the FFP method, our empirical study showed that the proposed TUP method is more capable of building phylogenetic trees with a stronger biological support. We further provide some justifications on this from the information theory viewpoint. Unlike the FFP method, the TUP method takes the advantage that the starting of the first reading frame is (usually) known. Without this information, the FFP method could only rely on the frequency distribution of overlapping words, which is the average (or mixture) of the frequency distributions of three possible reading frames. Consequently, we show (from the entropy viewpoint) that the FFP procedure could dilute important gene information and therefore provides less accurate classification.
Adipocyte-specific loss of PPAR gamma attenuates cardiac hypertrophy
(2016-10-06)
Fang, Xi
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Stroud, Matthew J.
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Ouyang, Kunfu
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Fang, Li
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Zhang, Jianlin
Adipose tissue is a key endocrine organ that governs systemic homeostasis. PPAR gamma is a master regulator of adipose tissue signaling that plays an essential role in insulin sensitivity, making it an important therapeutic target. The selective PPAR gamma agonist rosiglitazone (RSG) has been used to treat diabetes. However, adverse cardiovascular effects have seriously hindered its clinical application. Experimental models have revealed that PPAR gamma activation increases cardiac hypertrophy. RSG stimulates cardiac hypertrophy and oxidative stress in cardiomyocyte-specific PPAR gamma knockout mice, implying that RSG might stimulate cardiac hypertrophy independently of cardiomyocyte PPAR gamma. However, candidate cell types responsible for RSG-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy remain unexplored. Utilizing cocultures of adipocytes and cardiomyocytes, we found that stimulation of PPAR gamma signaling in adipocytes increased miR-200a expression and secretion. Delivery of miR-200a in adipocyte-derived exosomes to cardiomyocytes resulted in decreased TSC1 and subsequent mTOR activation, leading to cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. Treatment with an antagomir to miR-200a blunted this hypertrophic response in cardiomyocytes. In vivo, specific ablation of PPAR gamma in adipocytes was sufficient to blunt hypertrophy induced by RSG treatment. By delineating mechanisms by which RSG elicits cardiac hypertrophy, we have identified pathways that mediate the crosstalk between adipocytes and cardiomyocytes to regulate cardiac remodeling.
Controllable Formation of Zinc Oxide Micro- and Nanostructures via DUV Direct Patterning
(2016-10-06)
Yeh, Chun-Cheng
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Liu, Hung-Chuan
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Chuang, Ming-Yen
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Denzer, Joseph
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Berling, Dominique
Various kinds of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanostructures, such as ZnO nanowires, ZnO nanobelts, ZnO nanosheets, and ZnO nanorods are promising building blocks for nanoscale systems. However, to precisely control the size, shape, and to make a controlled assembly of synthesized ZnO nanostructures are major difficulties in the development of bottom-up devices. To overcome the challenge regarding reproducibility and positioning, a new method is proposed, deep ultra-violet (DUV) direct photo-patterning, to create ZnO micro- and nanostructures. A sol-gel formulation sensitive to DUV light and based on zinc methacrylate precursor is developed, and the photoreactions of zinc methacrylate under DUV light are carefully investigated by in situ spectroscopic ellipsometry, in situ FTIR, and XPS analysis. Then, the sol-gel solution is used as a negative tone resist in DUV lithography to evaluate its performance in producing high-resolution patterns. The results indicate that small patterns from micro-to nanoscale can be obtained in a simple and direct way.
Instantaneous phase difference analysis between thoracic and abdominal movement signals based on complementary ensemble empirical mode decomposition
(2016-10-06)
Chen, Ya-Chen
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Hsiao, Tzu-Chien
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分子醫學與生物工程研究所
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資訊工程學系
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生醫電子轉譯研究中心
Background: Thoracoabdominal asynchrony is often adopted to discriminate respiratory diseases in clinics. Conventionally, Lissajous figure analysis is the most frequently used estimation of the phase difference in thoracoabdominal asynchrony. However, the temporal resolution of the produced results is low and the estimation error increases when the signals are not sinusoidal. Other previous studies have reported time-domain procedures with the use of band-pass filters for phase-angle estimation. Nevertheless, the band-pass filters need calibration for phase delay elimination. Methods: To improve the estimation, we propose a novel method (named as instantaneous phase difference) that is based on complementary ensemble empirical mode decomposition for estimating the instantaneous phase relation between measured thoracic wall movement and abdominal wall movement. To validate the proposed method, experiments on simulated time series and human-subject respiratory data with two breathing types (i.e., thoracic breathing and abdominal breathing) were conducted. Latest version of Lissajous figure analysis and automatic phase estimation procedure were compared. Results: The simulation results show that the standard deviations of the proposed method were lower than those of two other conventional methods. The proposed method performed more accurately than the two conventional methods. For the human-subject respiratory data, the results of the proposed method are in line with those in the literature, and the correlation analysis result reveals that they were positively correlated with the results generated by the two conventional methods. Furthermore, the standard deviation of the proposed method was also the smallest. Conclusions: To summarize, this study proposes a novel method for estimating instantaneous phase differences. According to the findings from both the simulation and human-subject data, our approach was demonstrated to be effective. The method offers the following advantages: (1) improves the temporal resolution, (2) does not introduce a phase delay, (3) works with non-sinusoidal signals, (4) provides quantitative phase estimation without estimating the embedded frequency of breathing signals, and (5) works without calibrated measurements. The results demonstrate a higher temporal resolution of the phase difference estimation for the evaluation of thoracoabdominal asynchrony.
Electrochemically Activated Reduced Graphene Oxide Used as Solid-State Symmetric Supercapacitor: An X-ray Absorption Spectroscopic Investigation
(2016-10-06)
Chang, Han-Wei
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Lu, Ying-Rui
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Chen, Jeng-Lung
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Chen, Chi-Liang
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Chen, Jin-Ming
A solid-state symmetric supercapacitor is successfully fabricated by assembling the sulfuric acidpoly(vinyl alcohol) (H2SO4-PVA) gel electrolyte between the two pieces of electrochemically activated reduced graphene oxide (aRGO) electrodes. The electrochemical and electronic properties of reduced graphene oxide (RGO) and aRGO were characterized by ex situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). The aRGO exhibits better electrochemical supercapacitive performances than RGO, owing to the conjunction of the electrochemical double-layer capacitance (EDLC) and the pseudocapacitance. The specific capacitance increases with the oxygen-containing functional groups content in the electrochemically activated aRGO than RGO, increasing the pseudocapacitive contribution. The aRGO20//aRGO20 solid-state symmetric supercapacitors (SSC) exhibit an energy density of 4.7 Wh kg(-1) at a power density of 402 W kg(-1) and 4 Wh kg(-1) at a power density of 1989 W kg(-1), which is competitive with the commercially available supercapacitors. To elucidate the atomic and electronic structures of the RGO and aRGO electrodes in the charge/discharge process, ex situ XAS at the C and O K-edge were performed. Both RGO and aRGO electrodes exhibit a reversible energy shift of the O K-edge, owing to the reversible redox pseudocapacitance close to the surface of graphene-based materials. However, the absorption edge of O K-edge for aRGO electrodes shifts more significantly than that for RGO electrodes during the charge/discharge process. The results indicate that aRGO electrodes exhibit rapid and more active redox reactions for pseudocapacitance than the RGO electrodes. The results herein suggest potential use in high-performance symmetric supercapacitors.
Three Component Divergent Reactions: Base-Controlled Amphiphilic Synthesis of Benzimidazole-Linked Thiazetidines and Fused Thiadiazines
(2016-10-07)
Selvaraju, Manikandan
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Dhole, Sandip
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Sun, Chung-Ming
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應用化學系
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Department of Applied Chemistry
A divergent reaction of 2-aminobenzimidazole with isothiocyanates and dihalomethanes has been developed for the selective synthesis of benzoimidazothiazetidine and benzoimidazothiadiazine. A single-pot reaction of 2-aminobenzimidazole in the presence of sodium hydride delivers benzoimidazothiazetidine, whereas triethylamine promotes the formation of benzoimidazothiadiazine via a sequential stepwise, fashion. The reaction sequence involves the initial formation of thiourea followed by regioselective nucleophilic addition and intramolecular ring-closing with dihalo electrophiles. The observed regioselectivity,of this reaction is governed by the nature of bases and the reaction sequence.
Thermal and Thermoelectric Transport in Highly Resistive Single Sb2Se3 Nanowires and Nanowire Bundles
(2016-10-07)
Ko, Ting-Yu
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Shellaiah, Muthaiah
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Sun, Kien Wen
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應用化學系
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電子工程學系及電子研究所
In this study, we measured the thermal conductivity and Seebeck coefficient of single Sb2Se3 nanowires and nanowire bundles with a high resistivity (sigma similar to 4.37 x 10(-4) S/m). Microdevices consisting of two adjacent suspended silicon nitride membranes were fabricated to measure the thermal transport properties of the nanowires in vacuum. Single Sb2Se3 nanowires with different diameters and nanowire bundles were carefully placed on the device to bridge the two membranes. The relationship of temperature difference on each heating/sensing suspension membranes with joule heating was accurately determined. A single Sb2Se3 nanowire with a diameter of similar to 680 nm was found to have a thermal conductivity (k(NW)) of 0.037 +/- 0.002 W/m.K. The thermal conductivity of the nanowires is more than an order of magnitude lower than that of bulk materials (k similar to 0.36-1.9 W/m.K) and highly conductive (sigma similar to 3 x 10(4) S/m) Sb2Se3 single nanowires (k similar to 1 W/m.K). The measured Seebeck coefficient with a positive value of similar to 661 mu V/K is comparable to that of highly conductive Sb2Se3 single nanowires (similar to 750 mu V/K). The thermal transport between wires with different diameters and nanowire bundles was compared and discussed.
Infrared absorption of 1-chloro-2-methyl-2-propyl [C-center dot(CH3)(2)CH2Cl] and 2-chloro-2-methylpropyl] [(CH2C)-C-center dot(CH3)(2)Cl] radicals produced in the addition reactions of Cl with isobutene (i-C4H8) in solid para-hydrogen
(2016-10-07)
Chou, Ching-Yin
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Lee, Yuan-Pern
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應用化學系
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應用化學系分子科學碩博班
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Department of Applied Chemistry
The addition reactions of chlorine atom with isobutene (i-C4H8) in solid para-hydrogen (p-H-2) were investigated with infrared (IR) absorption spectra. When a p-H-2 matrix containing Cl-2 and isobutene was irradiated with ultraviolet light at 365 nm, intense lines in a set at 534.5, 1001.0, 1212.9, 1366.0, 2961.6, and 2934.7 cm(-1), and several weaker others due to the 1-chloro-2-methyl-2-propyl radical, C-center dot(CH3)(2)CH2Cl, and those in a second set including intense ones at 642.7, 799.2, 1098.2, 1371.8, and 3027.3 cm(-1) due to the 2-chloro-2-methylpropyl radical, (CH2C)-C-center dot(CH3)(2)Cl, appeared; the ratio of C-center dot(CH3)(2)CH2Cl to (CH2C)-C-center dot(CH3)(2)Cl was approximately (3 +/- 1):1. The observed wavenumbers and relative intensities agree with the vibrational wavenumbers and IR intensities predicted with the B3PW91/aug-cc-pVTZ method. That the Cl atom adds to both carbons of the C=C bond of isobutene with the terminal site slightly favored is consistent with the energies of products predicted theoretically, but is in contrast to the reaction of Cl + propene in solid p-H-2 in which the addition of Cl to mainly the central C atom was previously reported. The role of the p-H-2 matrix in affecting the reaction paths is discussed. Absorption lines of the complex i-C4H8 center dot Cl-2 and the dichloro-product anti-1,2-dichloro-2-methylpropane, a-CH2ClCCl(CH3)(2), are also characterized. Published by AIP Publishing.
Improved Search for a Light Sterile Neutrino with the Full Configuration of the Daya Bay Experiment
(2016-10-07)
An, F. P.
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Balantekin, A. B.
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Band, H. R.
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Bishai, M.
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Blyth, S.
This Letter reports an improved search for light sterile neutrino mixing in the electron antineutrino disappearance channel with the full configuration of the Daya Bay Reactor Neutrino Experiment. With an additional 404 days of data collected in eight antineutrino detectors, this search benefits from 3.6 times the statistics available to the previous publication, as well as from improvements in energy calibration and background reduction. A relative comparison of the rate and energy spectrum of reactor antineutrinos in the three experimental halls yields no evidence of sterile neutrino mixing in the 2 x 10(-4) less than or similar to vertical bar Delta m(41)(2)vertical bar less than or similar to 0.3 eV(2) mass range. The resulting limits on sin(2) 2 theta(14) are improved by approx imately a factor of 2 over previous results and constitute the most stringent constraints to date in the vertical bar Delta m(41)(2)vertical bar less than or similar to 0.2 eV(2) region.
Limits on Active to Sterile Neutrino Oscillations from Disappearance Searches in the MINOS, Daya Bay, and Bugey-3 Experiments
(2016-10-07)
Adamson, P.
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An, F. P.
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Anghel, I.
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Aurisano, A.
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Balantekin, A. B.
Searches for a light sterile neutrino have been performed independently by the MINOS and the Daya Bay experiments using the muon (anti) neutrino and electron antineutrino disappearance channels, respectively. In this Letter, results from both experiments are combined with those from the Bugey-3 reactor neutrino experiment to constrain oscillations into light sterile neutrinos. The three experiments are sensitive to complementary regions of parameter space, enabling the combined analysis to probe regions allowed by the Liquid Scintillator Neutrino Detector (LSND) and MiniBooNE experiments in a minimally extended four-neutrino flavor framework. Stringent limits on sin(2) 2 theta(mu e) are set over 6 orders of magnitude in the sterile mass-squared splitting Delta m(41)(2). The sterile-neutrino mixing phase space allowed by the LSND and MiniBooNE experiments is excluded for Delta m(41)(2) < 0.8 eV(2) at 95% CLs.
幽默人生　插畫家馬克
(2016-10-09)
何肇耕
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Department of Communication and Technology
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傳播與科技學系
上班忙碌加班苦、人生憑依何處靠？用詼諧畫筆演繹著世間百態的插畫家故事！
音樂不夜　夢想不滅
(2016-10-09)
凃易暄
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Department of Communication and Technology
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傳播與科技學系
臺裔美籍的網路歌手Jason Chen，擁有一副簡單純粹的好歌喉，以獨特的中翻英模式翻唱華語歌曲，吸引大批亞洲紛絲關注。秉持著Music Never Sleeps的精神，持續在音樂這條路上琢磨。
智慧型眼罩　調整睡眠問題
(2016-10-09)
郭宜婷
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Department of Communication and Technology
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傳播與科技學系
介紹睡眠相關科技產品，以及結合穿戴式科技的助眠技術。
電競颳風　台灣蓄勢待起飛
(2016-10-09)
范瑀真
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Department of Communication and Technology
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傳播與科技學系
時逢英雄聯盟S6全球總決賽台灣表現不俗，剖析台灣電競產業。
丟出寶貝球　抓住親子關係
(2016-10-09)
張巧宜
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Department of Communication and Technology
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傳播與科技學系
全球瘋寶可夢，遊戲一上市對社會帶來許多影響，有些家庭藉此重新找回家庭互動。
拍照打卡　是桎梏還是自由
(2016-10-09)
張芸瑄
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Department of Communication and Technology
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傳播與科技學系
拍照打卡已是現代社會趨勢，人們是善用它還是被它控制著。
日出之時　生活此刻
(2016-10-09)
王羽廷
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Department of Communication and Technology
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傳播與科技學系
日出，等。但結果卻不一定是預料中的。