Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2016-11-02"

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Resting-state EEG power and coherence vary between migraine phases
(2016-11-02)
Cao, Zehong
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Lin, Chin-Teng
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Chuang, Chun-Hsiang
;
Lai, Kuan-Lin
;
Yang, Albert C.
Background: Migraine is characterized by a series of phases (inter-ictal, pre-ictal, ictal, and post-ictal). It is of great interest whether resting-state electroencephalography (EEG) is differentiable between these phases. Methods: We compared resting-state EEG energy intensity and effective connectivity in different migraine phases using EEG power and coherence analyses in patients with migraine without aura as compared with healthy controls (HCs). EEG power and isolated effective coherence of delta (1-3.5 Hz), theta (4-7.5 Hz), alpha (8-12.5 Hz), and beta (13-30 Hz) bands were calculated in the frontal, central, temporal, parietal, and occipital regions. Results: Fifty patients with episodic migraine (1-5 headache days/month) and 20 HCs completed the study. Patients were classified into inter-ictal, pre-ictal, ictal, and post-ictal phases (n = 22, 12, 8, 8, respectively), using 36-h criteria. Compared to HCs, inter-ictal and ictal patients, but not pre- or post-ictal patients, had lower EEG power and coherence, except for a higher effective connectivity in fronto-occipital network in inter-ictal patients (p<.05). Compared to data obtained from the inter-ictal group, EEG power and coherence were increased in the pre-ictal group, with the exception of a lower effective connectivity in fronto-occipital network (p<.05). Inter-ictal and ictal patients had decreased EEG power and coherence relative to HCs, which were "normalized" in the pre-ictal or post-ictal groups. Conclusion: Resting-state EEG power density and effective connectivity differ between migraine phases and provide an insight into the complex neurophysiology of migraine.
A Metal-Insulator Transition of the Buried MnO2 Monolayer in Complex Oxide Heterostructure
(2016-11-02)
Liu, Heng-Jui
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Lin, Jheng-Cyuan
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Fang, Yue-Wen
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Wang, Jing-Ching
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Huang, Bo-Chao
A novel artificially created MnO2 monolayer system is demonstrated in atomically controlled epitaxial perovskite heterostructures. With careful design of different electrostatic boundary conditions, a magnetic transition as well as a metal-insulator transition of the MnO2 monolayer is unveiled, providing a fundamental understanding of dimensionality-confined strongly correlated electron systems and a direction to design new electronic devices.
Rotationally induced fingering patterns in a two-dimensional heterogeneous porous medium
(2016-11-04)
Chen, Ching-Yao
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Lin, Ting-Shiang
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Miranda, Jose A.
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機械工程學系
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Department of Mechanical Engineering
Rotating fluid flows under two-dimensional homogeneous porous media conditions (or in a rotating Hele-Shaw cell) reveal the development of complex interfacial fingering patterns. These pattern-forming structures are characterized by the occurrence of finger competition events, finger pinch-off episodes, as well as by the production of satellite droplets. In this work, we use intensive numerical simulations to investigate how these fully nonlinear pattern growth phenomena are altered by the presence of permeability heterogeneities in the rotating porous medium. This is done by employing a diffuse-interface Darcy-Cahn-Hilliard description of the problem and considering a permeability field presenting a log-Gaussian distribution, characterized by a variance s and a correlation length l. We study how the heterogeneity measures s and l couple to the governing hydrodynamic dimensionless parameters of the problem and introduce important changes on the pattern formation dynamics of the system.
Surface-Enhanced Impulsive Coherent Vibrational Spectroscopy
(2016-11-04)
Du, Juan
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Harra, Juha
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Virkki, Matti
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Makela, Jyrki M.
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Leng, Yuxin
Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) has attracted a lot of attention in molecular sensing because of the remarkable ability of plasmonic metal nanostructures to enhance the weak Raman scattering process. On the other hand, coherent vibrational spectroscopy triggered by impulsive excitation using ultrafast laser pulses provides complete information about the temporal evolution of molecular vibrations, allowing dynamical processes in molecular systems to be followed in "real time". Here, we combine these two concepts and demonstrate surface-enhanced impulsive vibrational spectroscopy. The vibrational modes of the ground and excited states of poly[2-methoxy5-( 2-ethylhexyloxy)-1,4-phenylenevinylene] (MEH-PPV), spin-coated on a substrate covered with monodisperse silver nanoparticles, are impulsively excited with a sub-10 fs pump pulse and characterized with a delayed broad-band probe pulse. The maximum enhancement in the spectrally and temporally resolved vibrational signatures averaged over the whole sample is about 4.6, while the realtime information about the instantaneous vibrational amplitude together with the initial vibrational phase is preserved. The phase is essential to determine the vibrational contributions from the ground and excited states.
Vibrational, XRD and C-13 NMR studies of DL-phenylglycinium methanesulfonate crystal
(2016-11-05)
Woloszyn, Lukasz
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Ilczyszyn, Marek
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Ilczyszyn, Maria M.
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Haupa, Karolina
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應用化學系
A new crystal formed by DL-phenylglycine and methanesulfonic acid (PGLYMS) was obtained and studied by Xray diffraction, IR and Raman spectroscopy, solid state NMR and DSC methods. Additionally, theoretical computations for the phenylglycine cation were carried out (DFT/B3LYP/aug-cc-pVDZ). Our results show that PGLYMS does not exhibit any phase transitions and crystallizes in the P2(1)/c space group of monoclinic system (Z = 4). Detailed analysis of its structure and its IR, Raman and NMR spectra is presented. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Free-standing Au inverse opals for enhanced glucose sensing
(2016-11-05)
Liao, Chen-Hong
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Hsieh, Yu-Chi
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Huang, Bo-Han
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Pai, Chia-Hao
;
Wu, Pu-Wei
We successfully fabricate free-standing gold inverse opals (GIO) with a highly ordered porous structure, adjustable pore size, and large geometric size (2.5 x 2.5 cm(2)). The process involves a vertical electrophoresis to assemble polystyrene (PS) microspheres in a closed-packed form, followed by backfilling of Ni and Au into the interstitial voids among the PS microspheres. Subsequently, the PS microspheres and Ni are removed to render free-standing GIO samples with pore size of 300, 405, and 600 nm, respectively. The free-standing GIO structures reveal a hexagonally-arranged pores with impressive mechanical strength and flexibility. Diffraction patterns from the X-ray diffractometer indicate a strong preferred orientation in the (111) plane. Cyclic voltammetric scans show excessive electrochemical surface area for the GIO samples as compared to that of planar Au in identical footprint. In glucose oxidation, the GIO structures demonstrate apparent current densities that are ten times larger over planar Au. Among the GIO structures, the sample with 300 nm pore size demonstrates the highest specific activity and the largest I-a/I-c value. We believe that the relatively smaller 300 nm pores facilitate the confinement of byproduct intermediates, and thus results in more effective oxidation of glucose. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Infrared spectra of ovalene (C32H14) and hydrogenated ovalene (C32H15 center dot) in solid para-hydrogen
(2016-11-07)
Tsuge, Masashi
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Bahou, Mohammed
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Wu, Yu-Jong
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Allamandola, Louis
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Lee, Yuan-Pern
We report the infrared (IR) spectra of ovalene (C32H14) and hydrogenated ovalene (C32H15 center dot) in solid para-hydrogen (p-H-2). The hydrogenated ovalene and protonated ovalene were generated from electron bombardment of a mixture of ovalene and p-H-2 during deposition of a matrix at 3.2 K. The features that decreased with time have been previously assigned to 7-C32H15+, the most stable isomer of protonated ovalene (Astrophys. J., 2016, 825, 96). The spectral features that increased with time are assigned to the most stable isomer of hydrogenated ovalene (7-C32H15 center dot) based on the expected chemistry and on a comparison with the vibrational wavenumbers and IR intensities predicted by the B3PW91/6-311++ G(2d, 2p) method. The mechanism of formation of 7-C32H15 center dot is discussed according to the observed changes in intensity and calculated energetics of possible reactions of H + C32H14 and isomerization of C32H15 center dot. The formation of 7-C32H15 center dot is dominated by the reaction H + C32H14 -> 7-C32H15 center dot, implying that, regardless of the presence of a barrier, the hydrogenation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons occurs even at 3.2 K.
交大e-News第220期-交大跨領域團隊開發高階生醫檢測晶片早期檢測癌症生物標記/病毒/細菌
(2016-11-07)
國立交通大學秘書室
;
Secretariat
Vorinostat enhances the cisplatin-mediated anticancer effects in small cell lung cancer cells
(2016-11-07)
Pan, Chun-Hao
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Chang, Ying-Fang
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Lee, Ming-Shuo
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Wen, B-Chen
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Ko, Jen-Chung
Background: Vorinostat, a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, is a promising agent for cancer therapy. Combining vorinostat with cisplatin may relax the chromatin structure and facilitate the accessibility of cisplatin, thus enhancing its cytotoxicity. Studies have not yet investigated the effects of the combination of vorinostat and cisplatin on small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Methods: We first assessed the efficacy of vorinostat with etoposide/cisplatin (EP; triple combination) and then investigated the effects of cotreatment with vorinostat and cisplatin on H209 and H146 SCLC cell lines. The anticancer effects of various combinations were determined in terms of cell viability, apoptosis, cell cycle distribution, and vorinostat-regulated proteins. We also evaluated the efficacy of vorinostat/cisplatin combination in H209 xenograft nude mice. Results: Our data revealed that the triple combination engendered a significant reduction of cell viability and high apoptotic cell death. In addition, vorinostat combined with cisplatin enhanced cell growth inhibition, induced apoptosis, and promoted cell cycle arrest. We observed that the acetylation levels of histone H3 and a-tubulin were higher in combination treatments than in vorinostat treatment alone. Moreover, vorinostat reduced the expression of thymidylate synthase (TS), and TS remained inhibited after cotreament with cisplatin. Furthermore, an in vivo study revealed that the combination of vorinostat and cisplatin significantly inhibited tumor growth in xenograft nude mice (tumor growth inhibition T/C% = 20.5 %). Conclusions: Combined treatments with vorinostat promote the cytotoxicity of cisplatin and induce the expression of vorinostat-regulated acetyl proteins, eventually enhancing antitumor effects in SCLC cell lines. Triple combinations with a low dosage of cisplatin demonstrate similar therapeutic effects. Such triple combinations, if applied clinically, may reduce the undesired adverse effects of cisplatin. The effects of the combination of vorinostat and cisplatin should be evaluated further before conducting clinical trials for SCLC treatment.
Probing the exciton-phonon coupling strengths of O-polar and Zn-polar ZnO wafer using hard X-ray excited optical luminescence
(2016-11-07)
Lin, Bi-Hsuan
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Chen, Huang-Yeh
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Tseng, Shao-Chin
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Wu, Jian-Xing
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Chen, Bo-Yi
The temperature-dependent hard X-ray excited optical luminescence (XEOL) spectroscopy was used to study the optical properties of O and Zn polarity of a c-plane single crystal ZnO wafer. By analyzing the XEOL and XRD, we found an unprecedented blue shift of the free exciton transition with increasing the excited carrier density as tuning the X-ray energy across the Zn K-edge, and the O-polar face possesses better crystal structure than the Zn-polar one. This spectral blue shift is attributed to the Coulomb screening of the spontaneous polarization by the excited free carriers that result in decreasing the exciton-phonon Frohlich interaction to reduce exciton binding energy. Published by AIP Publishing.
Lovastatin lowers the risk of breast cancer: a population-based study using logistic regression with a random effects model
(2016-11-08)
Murakami, Rimi
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Chen, Chiehfeng
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Lyu, Shu-Yu
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Lin, Ching-En
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Tzeng, Pei-Chuan
Background: Laboratory studies have demonstrated statin-induced apoptosis of cancer cells, including breast cancer cells, and evidence is accumulating on the mechanism of statin-induced apoptosis. However, despite numerous epidemiological studies, no consensus has been reached regarding the relationship between statin use and breast cancer risk. Methods: This retrospective case-control study enrolled 4332 breast cancer patients and 21,660 age-matched controls registered in the National Health Insurance program of Taiwan, which covers approximately 99% of the population. The study cases were women for whom a diagnosis of breast cancer (ICD-9-CM code 174. X) had been recorded in LHID2005 between January 1, 2004 and December 31, 2010. A logistic regression model was adjusted for potential confounding factors, including the level of urbanization, and the Charlson Comorbidity Index was applied to assess potential comorbidities. We also considered possible bias caused by random urbanization, because nutrition and lifestyle factors are related to breast cancer incidence. Results: Our results showed that lovastatin was associated with a lower risk of breast cancer (adjusted OR 0.596; 95% CI 0.497-0.714; p < 0.001), and atorvastatin exhibited a protective tendency against breast cancer (adjusted OR 0.887; 95% CI 0.776-1.013; p < 0.077). Conclusions: Although no consensus has been established regarding the relationship between statin use and breast cancer risk, our study indicated that lovastatin is a potential chemopreventive agent against breast cancer. Further detailed research is warranted.
Two-Photon Photoexcited Photodynamic Therapy and Contrast Agent with Antimicrobial Graphene Quantum Dots
(2016-11-09)
Kuo, Wen-Shun
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Chang, Chia-Yuan
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Chen, Hua-Han
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Hsu, Chih-Li Lilian
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Wang, Jiu-Yao
A graphene quantum dot (GQD) used as the photosensitizer with high two-photon absorption in the near-infrared region, a large absolute cross section of two-photon excitation (TPE), strong two-photon luminescence, and impressive two-photon stability could be used for dual modality two-photon photodynamic therapy (PDT) and two-photon bioimaging with an ultrashot pulse laser (or defined as TPE). In this study, a GQD efficiently generated reactive oxygen species coupled with TPE, which highly increased the effective PDT ability of both Gram-positive and-negative bacteria, with ultralow energy and an extremely short photoexcitation time generated by TPE. Because of its two-photon properties, a GQD could serve,as a promising two photon contrast agent for observing specimens in depth in three-din-tensional biological environments while simultaneously proceeding with PDT action to eliminate bacteria, particularly in multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains. This procedure would provide an efficient alternative approach to easily cope with MDR bacteria.
Design and synthesis of 1,2,3-triazole-containing N-acyl zanamivir analogs as potent neuraminidase inhibitors
(2016-11-10)
Das, Anindya
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Adak, Avijit K.
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Ponnapalli, Kalyankumar
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Lin, Chien-Hung
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Hsu, Kai-Cheng
The design of potent metabolically stable neuraminidase (NA) inhibitors represents an attractive approach for treating influenza virus infection. In this study, we describe the exploitation of the 150-cavity in the active site of group 1 NA for the design, synthesis, and in vitro evaluation of new triazole-containing N-acyl derivatives related to Zanamivir. Inhibition studies with influenza virus NAs of group 1 (H1N1) and group 2 (H3N2) revealed that several of them are good inhibitors, with IC50 values in the low nanomolar (2.3 nM-31 nM) range. Substituents that form stable van der Waals interaction with the 150-cavity residues play crucial roles in NA inhibition as demonstrated by the potency of 6a (H1N1 IC50 = 23 nM, and H3N2 IC50 = 2.9 nM). Docking studies indicated that the cyclohexane-substituted triazole ring extended toward the hydrophobic region in the active site of group 1 NA in open form. The high potency observed for inhibitor 6a may be attributable to the highly favorable hydrophobic interactions in this region. (C) 2016 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.
The Lauricella functions and exactstring scattering amplitudes
(2016-11-10)
Lai, Sheng-Hong
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Lee, Jen-Chi
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Yang, Yi
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電子物理學系
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Department of Electrophysics
We discover that the 26D open bosonic string scattering amplitudes (SSA) of three tachyons and one arbitrary string state can be expressed in terms of the D-type Lauricella functions with associated SL(K + 3, C) symmetry. As a result, SSA and symmetries or relations among SSA of different string states at various limits calculated previously can be rederived. These include the linear relations first conjectured by Gross [1-5] and later corrected and proved in [6-12] in the hard scattering limit, the recurrence relations in the Regge scattering limit with associated SL(5,C) symmetry [24-26] and the extended recurrence relations in the nonrelativistic scattering limit with associated SL(4,C) symmetry [29] discovered recently. Finally, as an application, we calculate a new recurrence relation of SSA which is valid for all energies.
An adaptive Paris Metro Pricing scheme for mobile data networks
(2016-11-12)
Huang, Huai-Sheng
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Hu, Shu-Chiung
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Lee, Po-Han
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Tseng, Yu-Chee
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資訊工程學系
Because static pricing models (such as flat-rate or tiered-rate models) cannot improve user utility for subscribers and ease network congestion for operators during peak time, Smart Data Pricing has become an important incentive for mobile data markets. Paris Metro Pricing (PMP), which is a static pricing mode inspired by the pricing model for the Paris metro system, uses differentiated prices to motivate users to choose different train classes. Before choosing a class, people will consider their expected quality of service versus the prices that they are willing to pay. Even though PMP cannot guarantee the actual quality of service during service time, a balance between users\' utilities and operators\' revenue is achieved. In this paper, we propose an adaptive PMP scheme, so-called APMP, which determines the dynamic access prices of different classes for the next 24h. The accessible prices should try to increase the revenue while operators can serve more subscribers. Our simulation results show that APMP can significantly improve total revenue and average revenue per user for the operator. Copyright (c) 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
NETWORK FORENSICS AND SURVEILLANCE FOR EMERGING NETWORKS
(2016-11-12)
Lin, Xiaodong
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Choo, Kim-Kwang Raymond
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Lin, Ying-Dar
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Mueller, Peter
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交大名義發表
末代菸農
(2016-11-13)
曾婕茵
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Department of Communication and Technology
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傳播與科技學系
時空背景為2017年元月的美濃，以第一人稱敘事，紀錄菸農們面臨收購政策即將畫下句點的無奈與憂愁。
孤獨寄生
(2016-11-13)
凃湘羚
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Department of Communication and Technology
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傳播與科技學系
孤獨難逃，以舞台劇劇本方式呈現情緒的放血與刮痧。
文創生活　手手市集
(2016-11-13)
凃易暄
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Department of Communication and Technology
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傳播與科技學系
文創是近幾年流行的詞，以文化創意為商機，凸顯個人價值。而市集的興起也提供文創工作者一個平台交流、增加自己的知名度。
與火共舞　吹出玻璃韻律
(2016-11-13)
范晨星
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Department of Communication and Technology
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傳播與科技學系
十月29日新竹市玻璃工藝博物館邀請玻璃藝術創作人黃瓊儀，至玻璃工坊表演窯爐吹製技法，展現藝術品製作過程的美。