Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2017-05-19"

Now showing 1 - 20 of 13848

Gender Differences in the Association between Moderate Alcohol Consumption and Hearing Threshold Shifts
(2017-05-19)
Lin, Yuan-Yung
;
Chen, Hsin-Chien
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Lai, Wen-Sen
;
Wu, Li-Wei
;
Wang, Chih-Hung
Hearing loss is a global public health problem with a high prevalence, significantly impairing communication and leading to a decrease in the quality of life. The association between moderate alcohol consumption (MAC) and hearing impairment has been addressed in several studies with inconsistent results. The intent of our study is to clarify the correlation between MAC and the hearing threshold and further investigate the interplay between MAC and the hearing threshold categorized by gender. The study included 4,075 participants aged 20-69 years from the 1999-2004 data of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). The associations among MAC, gender differences, and high-frequency and low-frequency hearing thresholds were analyzed. We found that current female drinkers with MAC tended to have lower hearing thresholds. There is a significant protective effect of MAC on hearing threshold shifts in the US adult population, especially in females. Our research was the first study to further indicate that there is a gender difference in the association between MAC and hearing impairment. In accordance with our results, if people drink, they should consume moderate rather than higher amounts, especially in women, which may result in a reduced risk of hearing loss.
Musashi-1 promotes a cancer stem cell lineage and chemoresistance in colorectal cancer cells
(2017-05-19)
Chiou, Guang-Yuh
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Yang, Tzu-Wei
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Huang, Chi-Chou
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Tang, Chia-Ying
;
Yen, Jung-Yi
Colorectal cancers (CRCs) are a critical health issue worldwide. Cancer stem cell (CSC) lineages are associated with tumour transformation, progression, and malignant transformation. However, how lineages are transformed and how chemoresistance is acquired by CRCs remain largely unknown. In this report, we demonstrated that the RNA-binding protein Musashi-1 enhanced the development of CD44(+) colorectal CSCs and triggered the formation of anti-apoptotic stress granules (SGs). Our results indicated that CD44(+) CSC lineage-specific induction of tumour malignancies was controlled by Musashi-1. In addition, Musashi-1 formed SGs when CRC cell lines were treated with 5-fluorouracil. The C-terminal domain of Musashi-1 was critical for recruitment of Musashi-1 into SGs. Intracellular Musashi-1 SGs enhanced the chemoresistance of CRCs. Analysis of clinical CRC samples indicated that Musashi-1 expression was prominent in CRC stage IIA and IIB. In summary, we demonstrated that Musashi-1, a stemness gene, is a critical modulator that promotes the development of CD44(+) colorectal CSCs and also enhances CRC chemoresistance via formation of SGs. Our findings elucidated a novel mechanism of CRC chemoresistance through increased anti-apoptotic effects via Musashi-1-associated SGs.
Taylor cone and electrospraying at a free surface of superfluid helium charged from below
(2017-05-19)
Moroshkin, P.
;
Leiderer, P.
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Moeller, Th. B.
;
Kono, K.
;
物理研究所
Electrically charged metallic micro-and nanoparticles are trapped under a free surface of superfluid He in a vertical static electric field. We observe a static deformation of the charged liquid surface in the form of a Taylor cone and the emission of a charged liquid helium jet (electrospray). Our numeric calculations reproduce the static shape of the cone.
Photoredox-Catalyzed Hydrodifluoroalkylation of Alkenes Using Difluorohaloalkyl Compounds and a Hantzsch Ester
(2017-05-19)
Sumino, Shuhei
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Uno, Misae
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Fukuyarna, Takahide
;
Ryu, Ilhyong
;
Matsuura, Makoto
Photoredox-catalyzed hydrodifluoroalkylation of alkenes proceeded smoothly in the presence of a Hantzsch ester as a hydrogen source under visible light irradiation. The reaction was also applicable to the hydrodifluoroalkylation of alkynes, and a continuous photo flow reaction was also successful.
Benchmark Performance of Global Switching versus Local Switching for Trajectory Surface Hopping Molecular Dynamics Simulation: Cis <-> Trans Azobenzene Photoisomerization
(2017-05-19)
Yue, Ling
;
Yu, Le
;
Xu, Chao
;
Lei, Yibo
;
Liu, Yajun
A newly developed global switching algorithm that does not require calculation of nonadiabatic coupling vectors reduces computational costs significantly. However, the accuracy of this simplest nonadiabatic molecular dynamic method has not been extensively compared with the conventional Tully's fewest switches. It is necessary to demonstrate the accuracy of this global switching algorithm. An extensive comparison between local and global switching on-the-fly trajectory surface hopping molecular dynamics is performed for cis-to-trans (800 sampling trajectories) and trans-to-cis (600 sampling trajectories) azobenzene photoisomerization at the OM2/MRCI level. The global switching algorithm is coded into the Newton-X program package. Excellent agreement between the two switching algorithms is obtained not only for highly averaged quantities of quantum yields and lifetimes, but also for detailed contour patterns of product distributions, hopping spot distributions and hopping directions in terms of conical intersections between ground and the first excited states. Therefore, the global switching trajectory surface hopping method can be applied to larger complex systems in which nonadiabatic coupling is not available for excited-state molecular dynamic simulations.
愛鼠愛兔　領養不棄養
(2017-05-21)
陳昱彣
;
王韋翔
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Department of Communication and Technology
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傳播與科技學系
介紹愛鼠協會及愛兔協會。
魏榮欣　傳統電影看板畫家
(2017-05-21)
張芸瑄
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Department of Communication and Technology
;
傳播與科技學系
介紹新竹在地傳統電影看板畫家——魏榮欣。
評殺戮的艱難　秤死刑的正義
(2017-05-21)
林芃蕙
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Department of Communication and Technology
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傳播與科技學系
「殺戮的艱難」提出對死刑思辨，為動盪的時局留下見證與註解。
十二夜不再　釀收容悲歌
(2017-05-21)
劉以寧
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Department of Communication and Technology
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傳播與科技學系
零安樂政策上路，電影「十二夜」中的悲劇不再上演，卻造成收容所內收容爆量的悲歌。
Water splitting using a three-dimensional plasmonic photoanode with titanium dioxide nano-tunnels
(2017-05-21)
Takakura, Ryohei
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Oshikiri, Tomoya
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Ueno, Kosei
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Shi, Xu
;
Kondo, Toshiaki
In this study, we developed a three-dimensional plasmonic photoanode using titanium dioxide nanotunnels (TNTs) loaded with gold nanoparticles (Au-NPs) for water splitting, to enhance the reaction efficiency. We also optimized the procedure of loading Au-NPs on complex three-dimensional structures. We discuss the correlation between the plasmon-induced charge separation obtained from photoelectrochemical measurement and the morphology of Au-NPs observed by transmission electron microscopy. We have successfully deposited well-dispersed Au-NPs on the walls of TNTs using HAu(OH)(4) as a precursor. The amount of Au-NPs on the TNTs was estimated to be approximately 15-fold larger than that on the thin film titanium dioxide substrate, and the particle size remained small. Photoelectrochemical water splitting was achieved by using a two-electrode system rather than a three-electrode system. Furthermore, stoichiometric water splitting was confirmed by estimating the amounts of the evolved H-2 and O-2 gases under visible light irradiation.
勞工群像寫真
(2017-05-21)
洪于婷
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Department of Communication and Technology
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傳播與科技學系
以最貼近營造業工人的角度，嘗試紀錄工人的真實工作狀況，期待大眾能對他們多一些理解。
遊戲與實況　娛樂新潮流
(2017-05-21)
魏若芸
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Department of Communication and Technology
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傳播與科技學系
近年遊戲實況的興起，成為另一種工作與娛樂的管道。
回到小時候　重拾童年玩具
(2017-05-21)
郭宜婷
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Department of Communication and Technology
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傳播與科技學系
長大後，有多久沒有玩玩具了？這次透過照片，邀請大家一起回到小時候。
Excited-state E -> Z photoisomerization mechanism unveiled by ab initio nonadiabatic molecular dynamics simulation for hemithioindigo-hemistilbene
(2017-05-21)
Yang, Meihong
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Huo, Chunyan
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Li, Anyang
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Lei, Yibo
;
Yu, Le
The Zhu-Nakamura formulas based on on-the-fly trajectory surface hopping dynamics simulations at the two-state-averaged CASSCF level were employed to investigate the E -> Z photoisomerization mechanisms of hemithioindigo-hemistilbene (HTI) upon S-1 excitation. Seven conical intersections were observed along the isomerization pathways, which were composed of double bond torsion, benzene ring torsion, inversion and pyramidalization motions, and only three of them were found to play a role in the dynamics simulations started at S-1 E-HTI. The dominant isomerization pathway proceeds via central double bond torsion together with pyramidal and tilt motions to some extent (hop via CI5) and accounts for all the reactive trajectories. On the other hand, the two pathways that involve the conical zones lie in the vicinity of the E-form Franck-Condon region (CI7) and proceed along the combined central double bond and benzene ring torsion route (CI3/CI4) with generation of the E products. Within the 332 simulated trajectories, 66 hop to the ground state and only 19 switch to the Z product. The estimated quantum yield of 0.057 (19 in 332) agrees well with the reported experimental value of 0.053 +/- 0.016. The excited-state lifetimes span a wide region from hundreds of femtoseconds to several picoseconds, depending on the time for vibrational relaxation and number of cycles for periodical mixed mode torsion.
共舞十年　dS雙人舞團
(2017-05-21)
凃湘羚
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Department of Communication and Technology
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傳播與科技學系
介紹台灣少見的雙人舞蹈團體dS。
「波波」爭議　新制上路
(2017-05-21)
陳奕璇
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Department of Communication and Technology
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傳播與科技學系
提供多方看法討論波蘭醫學學歷的爭議，並介紹去年底通過的相關新法。
中社花海　繽紛色彩
(2017-05-21)
張巧宜
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Department of Communication and Technology
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傳播與科技學系
位於台中市后里區的中社觀光花市，花海區一年四季都有不同季節的花綻放，吸引許多遊客前來賞花。
大聲MY客風　唱響客家情
(2017-05-21)
鄧涵文
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Department of Communication and Technology
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傳播與科技學系
客家電視台節目「大聲MY客風」大膽嘗試新的節目形式，目前第一季播畢，已獲得廣大迴響。
台灣電影編劇　困境與突破
(2017-05-21)
李瑞彥
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Department of Communication and Technology
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傳播與科技學系
解析台灣電影編劇所面臨的困境，及探討可能的突破方法。
Multi-state nonadiabatic deactivation mechanism of coumarin revealed by ab initio on-the-fly trajectory surface hopping dynamic simulation
(2017-05-21)
Gan, Yanzhen
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Yue, Ling
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Guo, Xugeng
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Zhu, Chaoyuan
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Cao, Zexing
An on-the-fly trajectory surface hopping dynamic simulation has been performed for revealing the multi-state nonadiabatic deactivation mechanism of coumarin. The mechanism involves three adiabatic excited states, S-3(pi pi* L-b), S-2(n pi*, pi pi* L-a) and S-1(pi pi* L-a, n pi*), and the ground state S-0 at the four stateaveraged complete active space self-consistent field, SA(4)-CASSCF(12,10)/6-31G* level of theory. Upon photoexcitation to the third excited state S-3(pi pi* L-b) in the Franck-Condon region, 80% sampling trajectories decay to the dark S-2(n pi*) state within an average of 5 fs via the conical intersection S-3(pi pi* L-b)/S-2(n pi*), while 20% decay to the S-2(pi pi* L-a) state within an average of 11 fs via the conical intersection S3(pi pi* L-b)/S-2(pi pi* L-a). Then, sampling trajectories via S-2(n pi*)/S-1(pi pi* L-a) continue with ultrafast decay processes to give a final distribution of quantum yields as follows: 42% stay on the dark S-1(n pi*) state, 43.3% go back to the ground S-0 state, 12% undergo a ring-opening reaction to the Z-form S-0(Z) state, and 2.7% go to the E-form S-0(E) state. The lifetimes of the excited states are estimated as follows: the S-3 state is about 12 fs on average, the S-2 state is about 80 fs, and the S-1 state has a fast component of about 160 fs and a slow component of 15 ps. The simulated ultrafast radiationless deactivation pathways of photoexcited coumarin immediately interpret the experimentally observed weak fluorescence emission.