Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2017-07-25"

Now showing 1 - 20 of 13469

Magnetic hyperthermia enhance the treatment efficacy of peri-implant osteomyelitis
(2017-07-25)
Fang, Chih-Hsiang
;
Tsai, Pei-I
;
Huang, Shu-Wei
;
Sun, Jui-Sheng
;
Chang, Jenny Zwei-Chieng
Background: When bacteria colony persist within a biofilm, suitable drugs are not yet available for the eradication of biofilm-producing bacteria. The aim of this study is to study the effect of magnetic nano-particles-induced hyperthermia on destroying biofilm and promoting bactericidal effects of antibiotics in the treatment of osteomyelitis. Methods: Sixty 12-weeks-old male Wistar rats were used. A metallic 18G needle was implanted into the bone marrow cavity of distal femur after the injection of Methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA). All animals were divided into 5 different treatment modalities. The microbiological evaluation, scanning electron microscope examination, radiographic examination and then micro-CT evaluation of peri-implant bone resorption were analyzed. Results: The pathomorphological characteristics of biofilm formation were completed after 40-days induction of osteomyelitis. The inserted implants can be heated upto 75 degrees C by magnetic heating without any significant thermal damage on the surrounding tissue. We also demonstrated that systemic administration of vancomycin [VC (i.m.)] could not eradicate the bacteria; but, local administration of vancomycin into the femoral canal and the presence of magnetic nanoparticles hyperthermia did enhance the eradication of bacteria in a biofilm-based colony. In these two groups, the percent bone volume (BV/TV: %) was significantly higher than that of the positive control. Conclusions: For the treatment of chronic osteomyelitis, we developed a new modality to improve antibiotic efficacy; the protection effect of biofilms on bacteria could be destroyed by magnetic nanoparticles-induced hyperthermia and therapeutic effect of systemic antibiotics could be enhanced.
Quantum control of atomic two-photon ionization by ultrashort light pulse effect
(2017-07-25)
Lee, Han Chieh
;
Da Jheng, Shih
;
Jiang, Tsin Fu
;
物理研究所
;
Institute of Physics
We demonstrate that the two-photon photoelectron spectrum can be manipulated by an ultra-short light pulse. We decompose a short pulse into a linear superposition of Fourier modes. The two-photon transition amplitude becomes a summation of all pathways. The contribution of each pathway was accurately calculated by using a second-order variational method. By properly choosing the carrier frequency and pulse duration according to the calculated two-photon absorption factor versus the absorbed first photon energy, the photoelectron spectrum can become single-or double-peaked. We use the hydrogen atom as a model and study both cases of linearly and circularly polarized light pulse.
Bianchi type I anisotropic power-law solutions for the Galileon models
(2017-07-25)
Do, Tuan Q.
;
Kao, W. F.
;
物理研究所
;
Institute of Physics
We will study the cosmological solutions of a class of Galileon models. A special class of the Bianchi type I power-law solutions will be presented in this paper. We will show that these Bianchi type I power-law solutions are stable during the inflationary phase. In addition, we will also show that the presence of a phantom field induces at least an unstable mode for the perturbation equation and destabilizes the power-law solutions.
Handedness of Twisted Lamella in Banded Spherulite of Chiral Polylactides and Their Blends
(2017-07-25)
Wang, Hsiao-Fang
;
Chiang, Chen-Hung
;
Hsu, Wen-Chun
;
Wen, Tao
;
Chuang, Wei-Tsung
Banded spherulite resulting from lamellar twisting due to the imbalanced stresses at opposite fold surfaces can be formed by isothermal crystallization of chiral polylactide and its blends with poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG). Using a polarized light microscope, the handedness of the twisted lamella in banded spherulite is determined. With the same growth axis along the radial direction as evidenced by wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) for isothermally crystallized samples at different temperatures, the twisted lamellae of chiral polylactides (poly(L-lactide) (PLLA) and poly(D-lactide) (PDLA)) display opposite handedness. The split-type Cotton effect on the Co=O stretching motion of vibrational circular dichroism (VCD) spectra helps determine the helix handedness (i.e., conformational chirality). The results indicate that the conformational chirality can be defined by the molecular chirality through intramolecular chiral interactions. Moreover, the preferred sense of the lamellar twist in the banded spherulite corresponds to the twisting direction identified by the C-O-C vibration motion of VCD spectra, reflecting the role of intermolecular chiral interactions in the packing of polylactide helices. Similar results are obtained in the blends of chiral polylactides and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG, a polymer compatible with polylactide), indicating that the impact of chirality is intrinsic irrespective of the specific crystallization conditions. In contrast to the chiral polylactides, the spectrum of the crystalline stereocomplex that associates PLLA and PDLA shows VCD silence. The spectroscopic results are in line with the morphological observations. No banded spherulites are observed in the stereocomplex crystallites due to the symmetric packing of mirror L and D-chain conformations in the fold surfaces and the crystallites core.
Effect of crosslinking agents on the dispersive behaviour of polymer particles in seed swelling polymerisation
(2017-07-25)
Kao, Yu-Chen
;
Whang, Wha-Tzong
;
Chen, Yi-Chun
;
Chen, Kai-Chi
;
材料科學與工程學系
This study focused on the effect of crosslinker structure between PMMA on the dispersity of crosslinked particles in seed swelling polymerisation. We used five different crosslinking agents in an assessment of the dispersity of crosslinking monodisperse particles using PMMA seed particles in seed swelling polymerisation. These results show that the structure of the crosslinking agent affects the dispersity during the swelling stage. According to the solubility parameter theory of computation, the departure of similar solubility parameter causes the swollen particles to segregate into more dispersity. (C) 2017 The Korean Society of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Cobalt-catalyzed regioselective [3+2] annulation of ortho-formyl and acetyl substituted phenylboronic acids with alkynes
(2017-07-26)
Ueda, Mitsuhiro
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Ueno, Tamami
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Suyama, Yuki
;
Ryu, Ilhyong
;
應用化學系
Treatment of alkynes with ortho-formyl and acetyl phenylboronic acids in the presence of a cobalt catalyst resulted in the formation of 2,3-disubstituted indenols in good yields. When aryl silyl alkynes were used, 2-aryl-3-silyl indenols were obtained regioselectively in good yields. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Highly Efficient Inverted D:A(1):A(2) Ternary Blend Organic Photovoltaics Combining a Ladder-type Non-Fullerene Acceptor and a Fullerene Acceptor
(2017-07-26)
Chang, Shao-Ling
;
Cao, Fong-Yi
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Huang, Wen-Chia
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Huang, Po-Kai
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Hsu, Chain-Shu
A formylated benzodi(cyclopentadithiophene) (BD CPDT) ladder-type structure with forced coplanarity is coupled with two 1,1-dicyanomethylene-3-indanone (IC) moieties via olefination to form a non-fullerene acceptor, BDCPDT-IC. The BDCPDT-IC, as an acceptor (A(1)) with broad light-absorbing ability and excellent solution processability, is combined with a second PC71BM acceptor (A(2)) and a medium band gap polymer, PBDB-T, as the donor (D) to form a ternary blend with gradient HOMO/LUMO energy alignments and panchromatic absorption. The device with the inverted architecture using the D:A(1):A(2) ternary blend has achieved a highest efficiency of 9.79% with a superior J(sc) of 16.84 mA cm(-2).
RECONSTITUTED APOLIPOPROTEIN B LIPOPARTICLE, A PREPARATION METHOD AND USES THEREOF
(2017-07-27)
Chia-Ching Chang
;
Gong-Shen Chen
;
Tsai-Mu Cheng
;
Hsueh-Liang Chu
The present invention provides a method for preparing a reconstituted apolipoprotein B lipoparticle and the method comprises steps of (a) dissolving an apolipoprotein B and a lipid in a first buffer containing 2 M to 8 M urea and 1 wt % to 15 wt % amphiphilic compounds to form a mixture; and (b) dialyzing the mixture against a second buffer containing 0 M to 2M urea and 0 wt % to 0.5 wt % amphiphilic compounds for 1 to several times for lowering concentrations of the urea and the amphiphilic compounds in the mixture. The present invention further provides an apolipoprotein B lipoparticle and a use for the production of an apolipoprotein B lipoparticle used for delivering a hydrophobic substance.
PEROVSKITE LIGHT-EMITTING DEVICE AND FABRICATING METHOD THEREOF
(2017-07-27)
Fang-Chung Chen
;
Jiong-Fu Huang
A perovskite light-emitting device is provided. The perovskite light-emitting device includes a first electrode layer, a first charge injection layer, a first charge transport layer, a light-emitting layer, a second charge injection layer and a second electrode layer. The first charge injection layer is disposed on the first electrode layer. The first charge transport layer is disposed on the first charge injection layer, wherein the material of the first charge transport layer includes a crosslinkable material. The light-emitting layer is disposed on the first charge transport layer, wherein the material of the light-emitting layer includes a light-emitting material having a perovskite crystal structure. The second charge injection layer is disposed on the light-emitting layer. The second electrode layer is disposed on the second charge injection layer.
Sustained Attention in Real Classroom Settings: An EEG Study
(2017-07-31)
Ko, Li-Wei
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Komarov, Oleksii
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Hairston, W. David
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Jung, Tzyy-Ping
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Lin, Chin-Teng
Sustained attention is a process that enables the maintenance of response persistence and continuous effort over extended periods of time. Performing attention-related tasks in real life involves the need to ignore a variety of distractions and inhibit attention shifts to irrelevant activities. This study investigates electroencephalography (EEG) spectral changes during a sustained attention task within a real classroom environment. Eighteen healthy students were instructed to recognize as fast as possible special visual targets that were displayed during regular university lectures. Sorting their EEG spectra with respect to response times, which indicated the level of visual alertness to randomly introduced visual stimuli, revealed significant changes in the brain oscillation patterns. The results of power-frequency analysis demonstrated a relationship between variations in the EEG spectral dynamics and impaired performance in the sustained attention task. Across subjects and sessions, prolongation of the response time was preceded by an increase in the delta and theta EEG powers over the occipital region, and decrease in the beta power over the occipital and temporal regions. Meanwhile, implementation of the complex attention task paradigm into a real-world classroom setting makes it possible to investigate specific mutual links between brain activities and factors that cause impaired behavioral performance, such as development and manifestation of classroom mental fatigue. The findings of the study set a basis for developing a system capable of estimating the level of visual attention during real classroom activities by monitoring changes in the EEG spectra.
讀書－《探索丁玲：日本女性研究者論集》編案
(深河出版有限公司, 2017-08-01)
蔡鈺淩
Forensic applications of direct analysis in real time (DART) coupled to Q-orbitrap tandem mass spectrometry for the in situ analysis of pigments from paint evidence
(2017-08-01)
Chen, Tai-Hung
;
Wu, Shu-Pao
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應用化學系
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Department of Applied Chemistry
The accurate examination of paint fragments obtained from an accident, such as those obtained from vehicles involved in a hit-and-run case, is often critical in forensic investigations. However, organic pigments are typically minor components of automotive coatings, which makes discrimination difficult. In this study, direct analysis in real time coupled to Q-orbitrap tandem mass spectrometry (DART-MS) was employed to detect a wide range of common organic pigments in vehicle paints. Twelve common organic pigments used in vehicle paints, such as red, yellow, orange, and purple, were tested, and a database was constructed for future examinations of vehicle paint. Two hit-and-run vehicle accident cases, which occurred in New Taipei City, were investigated by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and DART-MS. First, FTIR spectroscopy was employed to study the paint samples as a preliminary screening step. Most of the observed IR peaks were attributed to binder and extenders present in paints. The IR peaks corresponding to the organic pigments were found to be weak and overlapped with those corresponding to resins. On the other hand, DART-MS successfully characterized the organic pigments. DART-MS was found to be excellent for rapidly determining the presence of organic pigments in paint samples without the need for a complicated pre-treatment process or lengthy analysis time. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
A methodology to assess the supply chain performance based on gap-based measures
(2017-08-01)
Liu, Fuh-hwa Franklin
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Liu, Yu-cheng
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工業工程與管理學系
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Department of Industrial Engineering and Management
The motivation of this article lies in the application of two-stage gap-based measurement (GBM) in supply chain management. It adopts GBM model to construct a mixed integer program to measure the various stages of supply chain management in manufacturing practice. This paper proposes a new assessment system that aims to measure the aggregated efficiency of the entire supply chain. In this system, "plan source" and "plan make" are the major elements, they are a widely accepted industry standard by Supply Chain Operations Reference (SCOR). "Plan source" emphasizes the assessment of demand/supply planning strategy and suppliers' performance; "plan make" emphasizes the shop floor control, profitability and equipment effectiveness. The resulting GBM scores provide complete information on how to project inefficient DMUs on to the frontier. This article continues with a demonstration of GBM in the company cases, for the results of the assessment; this paper finds the worst efficiency of the DMUs and proposes improvement programs. (C) 2017 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
Demonstrating antiphase domain boundary-free GaAs buffer layer on zero off-cut Si (001) substrate for interfacial misfit dislocation GaSb film by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition
(2017-08-01)
Minh Thien Huu Ha
;
Sa Hoang Huynh
;
Huy Binh Do
;
Tuan Anh Nguyen
;
Quang Ho Luc
High quality 40 nm GaSb thin film was grown on the zero off-cut Si (001)-oriented substrate using metalorganic chemical vapor deposition with the temperature-graded GaAs buffer layer. The growth time of the GaAs nucleation layer, which was deposited at a low temperature of 490 degrees C, is systematically investigated in this paper. Cross-sections of the high resolution transmission electron microscopy images indicate that the GaAs compound formed 3D-islands first before to quasi-2D islands, and finally formed uniform GaAs layer. The optimum thickness of the 490 degrees C-GaAs layer was found to be 10 nm to suppress the formation of antiphase domain boundaries (APDs). The thin GaAs nucleation layer had a root-mean-square surface roughness of 0.483 nm. This allows the continued high temperature GaAs buffer layer to be achieved with low threading dislocation density of around 7.1 x 10(6) cm(-2) and almost invisible APDs. Finally, a fully relaxed GaSb film was grown on the top of the GaAs/Si heterostructure using interfacial misfit dislocation growth mode. These results indicate that the GaSb epitaxial layer can be grown on Si substrate with GaAs buffer layer for future p-channel metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistors (MOSFETs) applications.
IoTtalk-RC: Sensors As Universal Remote Control for Aftermarket Home Appliances
(2017-08-01)
Lin, Yun-Wei
;
Lin, Yi-Bing
;
Hsiao, Chung-Yun
;
Wang, Yun-Yen
;
資訊工程學系
Almost half of all Americans either own smart home technology or plan to invest in it. Therefore, many commercial smart IoT solutions aim for home automation, and try to live up with high expectation for smart home. A major problem of these smart home solutions is that they cannot flexibly accommodate the existing remotely controlled aftermarket appliances. This paper proposes IoTtalk remote control (IoTtalk-RC), a mechanism that utilizes sensors as universal software-defined remote control for aftermarket home appliances. Our solution replaces the infrared remote controller of cheap aftermarket home appliances and provides extra intelligence of sensors that can be manipulated by the homeowners. We conduct measurements, analytic analysis and simulation experiments to investigate the time complexity of IoTtalk-RC. This paper indicates that the extra transmission delays of remote control incurred by IoTtalk-RC are small even if the IoTtalk server is remotely located at a virtual machine of a cloud. In other words, IoTtalk-RC is feasible and can be effectively operated with the IoT technology.
Cardiac autonomic dysfunction and arrhythmogenesis in rheumatoid arthritis rats
(2017-08-01)
Lin, T. T. L.
;
Sung, Y. L. S.
;
Wu, C. E. W.
;
Lin, S. F. L.
;
分子醫學與生物工程研究所
影像選輯
(深河出版有限公司, 2017-08-01)
戴爾西．席亞姆蘇馬爾
;
耶利．韋拉萬
;
呂怡婷
850 nm Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Laser Arrays With Enhanced High-Speed Transmission Performance Over a Standard Multimode Fiber
(2017-08-01)
Yen, Jia-Liang
;
Chen, Xin-Nan
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Chi, Kai-Lun
;
Chen, Jason
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Shi, Jin-Wei
The functionality of novel parallel and series highspeed vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) arrays, which can greatly relax the tradeoff between output power and modulation speed, is demonstrated. Both types of array structure allow improvement in the output power with no degradation in their maximum modulation speed as compared to a single reference unit. The observed invariant electrical-optical bandwidth shown for these array structures is mainly due to the effective reduction of the differential resistance and parasitic capacitance, arising from the Zn-diffusion and oxide-relief apertures fabricated in the VCSEL unit. This in turn minimizes the degradation in the RC-limited bandwidth with the VCSEL arrays. Furthermore, the dense packing of single VCSELs, with Zn-diffusion apertures for optical mode control, minimizes the coupling loss between the output from the array into a standard multimode fiber (MMF). Compared with the single VCSEL unit, the parallel VCSEL array shows a significant enhancement in transmission performance over a standard OM4 MMF, which includes a larger eye margin, a higher signal-to-noise ratio, as well as a higher error-free data rate (48 versus 44 Gbit/sec). The device modeling technique is used to perform device analysis. From the results we can conclude that the improvement with the parallel array is because the value of the internal impedance is closer to the 50-Omega signal source, which minimizes the microwave reflection induced timing jitter in the eye-patterns.
A novel hybrid artificial photosynthesis system using MoS2 embedded in carbon nanofibers as electron relay and hydrogen evolution catalyst
(2017-08-01)
Niu, Fujun
;
Dong, Chung-Li
;
Zhu, Changbao
;
Huang, Yu-Cheng
;
Wang, Miao
Inspired by photosynthesis in nature, artificial photosynthesis (AP) systems have been widely investigated in the context of energy and environmental research. Here we report a noble-metal-free AP system for visible-light-driven H-2 generation from aqueous solutions consisting of fluorescein (FL) as photosensitizer, single-layer ultrasmall MoS2 nanoplates embedded in carbon nanofibers (CNF) as electron relay and redox catalyst, and triethanolamine (TEOA) as sacrificial electron donor. This CNF-MoS2/FL system exhibits outstanding H-2 evolution performance, with an H-2 generation rate that exceeds not only both MoS2/FL (by 100%) and CNF/FL (by 1100%), but also the Pt/FL system (by 40%). The excellent photocatalytic activity of this CNF-MoS2/FL system can be ascribed to the synergistic effects of CNF and MoS2 coupling: (1) the simultaneous presence of MoS2 with its delocalized and increased Mo 4d unoccupied states and of CNF with increased graphitic characteristics enables electron transfer from FL* to MoS2 via CNF electron relay; (2) the single-layered ultrasmall MoS2 nanoplates with short effective lengths for electron transfer and high density of reactive S-edges effectively catalyze the H-2 evolution reaction (HER). The presented work successfully fabricated a highly efficient AP system for solar H-2 production from a fully aqueous solution and indicated CNF-MoS2 as a promising candidate to replace Pt for solar fuel conversion. (C) 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
與丁玲的三次「相遇」：女性主義與跨－日本視角
(深河出版有限公司, 2017-08-01)
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