Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2017-10-15"

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The water extract of Liuwei dihuang possesses multi-protective properties on neurons and muscle tissue against deficiency of survival motor neuron protein
(2017-10-15)
Tseng, Yu-Ting
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Jong, Yuh-Jyh
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Liang, Wei-Fang
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Chang, Fang-Rong
;
Lo, Yi-Ching
Background: Deficiency of survival motor neuron (SMN) protein, which is encoded by the SMN1 and SMN2 genes, induces widespread splicing defects mainly in spinal motor neurons, and leads to spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). Currently, there is no effective treatment for SMA. Liuwei dihuang (LWDH), a traditional Chinese herbal formula, possesses multiple therapeutic benefits against various diseases via modulation of the nervous, immune and endocrine systems. Previously, we demonstrated water extract of LWDH (LWDH-WE) protects dopaminergic neurons and improves motor activity in models of Parkinson's disease. Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the potential protection of LWDH-WE on SMN deficiency-induced neurodegeneration and muscle weakness. Study design: The effects of LWDH-WE on SMN deficiency-induced neurotoxicity and muscle atrophy were examined by using SMN-deficient NSC34 motor neuron-like cells and SMA-like mice, respectively. Methods: Inducible SMN-knockdown NSC34 motor neuron-like cells were used to mimic SMN-deficient condition. Doxycycline (1 mu g/ml) was used to induce SMN deficiency in stable NSC34 cell line carrying SMN-specific shRNA. SMA.7 mice were used as a severe type of SMA mouse model. Cell viability was measured by 3-(4,5dimethylthiazol- 2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assays. Apoptotic cells and neurite length were observed by inverted microscope. Protein expressions were examined by western blots. Muscle strength of animals was evaluated by hind-limb suspension test. Results: LWDH-WE significantly increased SMN protein level, mitochondrial membrane potential and cell viability of SMN-deficient NSC34 cells. LWDH-WE attenuated SMN deficiency-induced down-regulation of B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) and up-regulation of cytosolic cytochrome c and cleaved caspase-3. Moreover, LWDH-WE prevented SMN deficiency-induced inhibition of neurite outgrowth and activation of Ras homolog gene family, member A (RhoA)/Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK2)/phospho-LIM kinase (p-LIMK)/phospho-cofilin (pcofilin) pathway. Furthermore, in SMA-like mice, LWDH-WE improved muscle strength and body weight accompanied with up-regulation of SMN protein in spinal cord, brain, and gastrocnemius muscle tissues. Conclusion: The present study demonstrated that LWDH-WE protects motor neurons against SMN deficiencyinduced neurodegeneration, and it also improves the muscle strength of SMA-like mice, suggesting the potential benefits of LWDH-WE as a complementary prescription for SMN deficiency-related diseases.
用環保與誠實打造出的國度
(2017-10-15)
楊佩臻
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Department of Communication and Technology
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傳播與科技學系
講述江鳳英老師的作為與理念，如何打造出一個「誠實、環保、教育」兼具的社區大學堂，並將環保概念發揚國外。
Validation of a fully integrated closed-loop neuromodulation SoC with wireless power and bidirectional data telemetry for real-time seizure control: preliminary results from swine model
(2017-10-15)
Hsin, Y. L.
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Cheng-Siu, C.
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Fu-Yuan, S.
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Cheng, C. H.
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Ker, M. D.
Temperature dependence of the electric and spintronic transport properties of Germanium on glass
(2017-10-15)
Chen, C. H.
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Lee, C. W.
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Yu, Y. C.
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Lee, C. P.
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電子工程學系及電子研究所
We present electrical spin injection and detection in p-type Ge channels using Ni/Al2O3/Ge on glass tunneling contacts. The entire structure is integrated on a glass substrate. We investigate the temperature dependence of the Hanle effect in a composite p-type Ge on glass (GeOG), using three-terminal configuration Hanle measurements; from these measurements, we observe spin accumulation up to room temperature. A spin signal of 0.3 V and a spin lifetime of 34 ps are obtained at room temperature. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
自鋤與隱藏
(2017-10-15)
洪儷娟
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Department of Communication and Technology
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傳播與科技學系
創作一：有助於自鋤的方法，是願意分享。創作二：隱藏的背後，你還記得自己多少的真實。
The asymptotic analysis of the structure-preserving doubling algorithms
(2017-10-15)
Kuo, Yueh-Cheng
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Lin, Wen-Wei
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Shieh, Shih-Feng
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應用數學系
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Department of Applied Mathematics
This paper is the second part of [15]. Taking advantage of the special structure and properties of the Hamiltonian matrix, we apply a symplectically similar transformation introduced by [18] to reduce H to a Hamiltonian Jordan canonical form J. The asymptotic analysis of the structure-preserving flows and RDEs is studied by using e(Jt). The convergence of the SDA as well as its rate can thus result from the study of the structure preserving flows. A complete asymptotic dynamics of the SDA is investigated, including the linear and quadratic convergence studied in the literature [3,12,13]. (C) 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
熟悉的陌生人
(2017-10-15)
謝瀚陞
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Department of Communication and Technology
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傳播與科技學系
多年前的某一天，Ｍ臨時起意，開著車帶我前往台南龍崎的祖厝。
看臉時代　你準備好了嗎？
(2017-10-15)
簡嘉瑩
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Department of Communication and Technology
;
傳播與科技學系
以3D臉部辨識於手機的運用來探討其原理與影響。
Shortening phase lag between fast ripple and ripple, and lowering power of fast ripple are necessary for seizure discontinuation
(2017-10-15)
Kun-Lin, H.
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Yue-Loong, H.
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Syu-Jyun, P.
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Cheng-Siu, C.
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電子工程學系及電子研究所
Photonic Crystal Surface Emitting Lasers With Quantum Dot Active Region
(2017-10-15)
Chen, Tzu-Shan
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Li, Zong-Lin
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Hsu, Ming-Yang
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Lin, Gray
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Lin, Sheng-Di
GaAs-based InAs/InGaAs/GaAs quantum dot (QD) photonic crystal (PC) surface emitting lasers of 1.3 mu m wavelength range are fabricated and room-temperature lasing emissions by optical pumping are demonstrated for the first time. Laser devices are characterized in terms of PC parameters and temperature-dependent measurements are also carried out. The impact of wavelength detuning between PC resonant wavelength and QD gain peak is manifested in the experiments. Moreover, simplified simulation reveals that etched PC depth plays an even more critical role in active region of QD compared to that of quantum well.
吹響社福制度悲歌　無聲的反擊　
(2017-10-15)
戴葦婷
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Department of Communication and Technology
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傳播與科技學系
《我是布萊克》，以勞工的遭遇批判英國福利社會制度的失能。
Risk of psychiatric disorders in Guillain-Barre syndrome: A nationwide, population-based, cohort study
(2017-10-15)
Tzeng, Nian-Sheng
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Chang, Hsin-An
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Chung, Chi-Hsiang
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Lin, Fu-Huang
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Yeh, Chin-Bin
Background Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) is a rare immune-related neurological disorder with high mortality and morbidity, but the comorbid psychiatric disorders garnered little attention in the GBS patients. This study aimed to investigate the association between GBS and the risk of developing psychiatric disorders. Methods: A total of 18,192 enrolled patients, with 4548 study subjects who had suffered GBS, and 13,644 controls matched for gender and age, from the Inpatient Dataset of 2000-2013 in Taiwan, and selected from the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD). After adjusting for confounding factors, Cox proportional hazards analysis was used to compare the risk of developing psychiatric disorders during the 13 years of follow-up. Results: Of the study subjects, 471 (10.35%) developed psychiatric disorders when compared to 1023 (7.50%) in the control group. Fine and Gray's competing risk model analysis revealed that the study subjects were more likely to develop psychiatric disorders (crude hazard ratio [HR]: 4.281 (95% CI = 3.819-4.798, p < 0.001). After adjusting for gender, age, monthly income, urbanization level, geographic region, and comorbidities, the adjusted HR was 4.320 (95% CI = 3.852-4.842, p < 0.001). Dementia, depressive disorders, sleep disorders, and psychotic disorders predominate in these psychiatric disorders. Mechanical ventilation and hemodialysis are associated with a lower risk of dementia when compared to the control groups. Conclusions: Patients who suffered from GBS had a higher risk of developing psychiatric disorders, and this finding should act as a reminder to the clinicians that a regular psychiatric follow-up might well be needed for those patients.
Comparative genomic analyses highlight the contribution of pseudogenized protein-coding genes to human lincRNAs
(2017-10-16)
Liu, Wan-Hsin
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Tsai, Zing Tsung-Yeh
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Tsai, Huai-Kuang
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生物資訊及系統生物研究所
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Institude of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology
Background: The regulatory roles of long intergenic noncoding RNAs (lincRNAs) in humans have been revealed through the use of advanced sequencing technology. Recently, three possible scenarios of lincRNA origins have been proposed: de novo origination from intergenic regions, duplication from other long noncoding RNAs, and pseudogenization from protein-coding genes. The first two scenarios are largely studied and supported, yet few studies focused on the evolution from pseudogenized protein-coding sequence to lincRNA. Due to the non-mutually exclusive nature of these three scenarios and the need of systematic investigation of lincRNA origination, we conducted a comparative genomics study to investigate the evolution of human lincRNAs. Results: Combining with syntenic analysis and stringent Blastn e-value cutoff, we found that the majority of lincRNAs are aligned to intergenic regions of other species. Interestingly, 193 human lincRNAs could have protein-coding orthologs in at least two of nine vertebrates. Transposable elements in these conserved regions in human genome are much less than expectation. Moreover, 19% of these lincRNAs have overlaps with or are close to pseudogenes in the human genome. Conclusions: We suggest that a notable portion of lincRNAs could be derived from pseudogenized protein-coding genes. Furthermore, based on our computational analysis, we hypothesize that a subset of these lincRNAs could have potential to regulate their paralogs by functioning as competing endogenous RNAs. Our results provide evolutionary evidence of the relationship between human lincRNAs and protein-coding genes.
The Design of Subretinal Implant Chip With Shared IrO2 Electrodes and Adaptive Background Current Cancellation Techniques
(2017-10-16)
Wu, Chung-Yu
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電子工程學系及電子研究所
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Department of Electronics Engineering and Institute of Electronics
Revisiting the photophysics of 9-fluorenone: Ultrafast time-resolved fluorescence and theoretical studies
(2017-10-16)
Chang, Chih-Wei
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Solling, Theis I.
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Diau, Eric Wei-Guang
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應用化學系
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應用化學系分子科學碩博班
Ultrafast intersystem crossing dynamics of fluorenone in gas and condensed phases were investigated by time-resolved mass spectrometry and fluorescence up-conversion spectroscopy. The former shows the ultrafast Franck-Condon relaxation and the internal conversion dynamics of isolated fluorenone in the gas phase. The latter reveals that the vibrational relaxation time is 2.2 ps and a 110 ps fluorescence lifetime of fluorenone in hexane. The fluorescence lifetime in acetonitrile and dimethylsulfoxide is 16 ns and 15.1 ns, respectively. The potential energy surface along the C=O out of plane bending motion shows that this coordinate is important for ISC in both polar and non-polar solvents. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Very large photoresponsiviy and high photocurrent linearity for Ge-dot/SiO2/SiGe photoMOSFETs under gate modulation
(2017-10-16)
Kuo, Ming-Hao
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Hong, Po-Yu
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Liu, Ping-Che
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Lee, Meng-Chun
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Lin, Horng-Chih
We report a novel visible-near infrared photoMOSFET containing a self-organized, gate-stacking heterostructure of SiO2/Ge-dot/SiO2/SiGe-channel on Si substrate that is simultaneously fabricated in a single oxidation step. Our typical photoMOSFETs exhibit very large photoresponsivity of 1000-3000A/W at low optical power (< 0.1 mu W) or large photocurrent gain of 10(3)-10(8)A/A with a wide dynamic power range of at least 6 orders of magnitude (nW-mW) linearity at 400-1250 nm illumination, depending on whether the photoMOSFET operates at V-G = + 3- + 4.5V or -1- + 1V. Numerical simulations reveal that photocarrier confinement within the Ge dots and the SiGe channel modifies the oxide field and the surface potential of SiGe, significantly increasing photocurrent and improving linearity. (C) 2017 Optical Society of America
Growth and characterization of high quality N-type GaSb/GaAs heterostructure by IMF growth mode using MOCVD for low power application
(2017-10-16)
Hsiao, Chih Jen
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Kakkerla, Ramesh Kumar
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Chang, Po Chun
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Lumbantoruan, Franky Juanda
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Lee, Tsu Ting
In this study, we demonstrate the growth of a 150-nm-thick GaSb layer on a GaAs substrate with excellent film quality using the interfacial misfit dislocation growth mode by the Metal-Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition technique. The n-type GaSb epilayer grown on the GaAs substrate has a low threading dislocation density of 3.2 x 10(6) cm(-2) and a surface roughness of approximately 0.8 nm. A high carrier mobility up to 4600 cm(2) V-1 s(-1) with a carrier concentration of 1.2 x 10(17) cm(-3) is achieved in this study. The fabricated Al2O3/GaSb/GaAs MOSCAP demonstrated excellent capacitance-voltage (C-V) characteristics with a small frequency dispersion of approximately 2.8%/decade. The results demonstrate the potential of high-mobility Sb-based materials on GaAs for p-type channel CMOS applications in the future. Published by AIP Publishing.
Unconscious Perceptual Grouping Modulated by Top-Down Attention
(2017-10-16)
Lo, Shih-Yu
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交大名義發表
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National Chiao Tung University
Economic benefits of sharing and redistributing influenza vaccines when shortages occurred
(2017-10-17)
Chen, Sheng-I
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工業工程與管理學系
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Department of Industrial Engineering and Management
Background Recurrent influenza outbreak has been a concern for government health institutions in Taiwan. Over 10% of the population is infected by influenza viruses every year, and the infection has caused losses to both health and the economy. Approximately three million free vaccine doses are ordered and administered to high-risk populations at the beginning of flu season to control the disease. The government recommends sharing and redistributing vaccine inventories when shortages occur. While this policy intends to increase inventory flexibility, and has been proven as widely valuable, its impact on vaccine availability has not been previously reported. Material and methods This study developed an inventory model adapted to vaccination protocols to evaluate government recommended polices under different levels of vaccine production. Demands were uncertain and stratified by ages and locations according to the demographic data in Taiwan. Results When vaccine supply is sufficient, sharing pediatric vaccine reduced vaccine unavailability by 43% and overstock by 54%, and sharing adult vaccine reduced vaccine unavailability by 9% and overstock by 15%. Redistributing vaccines obtained greater gains for both pediatrics and adults (by 75%). When the vaccine supply is in short, only sharing pediatric vaccine yielded a 48% reduction of unused inventory, while other polices do not improve performances. Conclusions When implementing vaccination activities for seasonal influenza intervention, it is important to consider mismatches of demand and vaccine inventory. Our model confirmed that sharing and redistributing vaccines can substantially increase availability and reduce unused vaccines.
Scalable van der Waals Heterojunctions for High-Performance Photodetectors
(2017-10-18)
Yeh, Chao-Hui
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Liang, Zheng-Yong
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Lin, Yung-Chang
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Wu, Tien-Lin
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Fan, Ta
Atomically thin two-dimensional (2D) materials have attracted increasing attention for optoelectronic applications in view of their compact, ultrathin, flexible, and superior photosensing characteristics. Yet, scalable growth of 2D heterostructures and the fabrication of integrable optoelectronic devices remain unaddressed. Here, we show a scalable formation of 2D stacks and the fabrication of phototransistor arrays, with each photosensing element made of a graphene-WS2 vertical heterojunction and individually addressable by a local top gate. The constituent layers in the heterojunction are grown using chemical vapor deposition in combination with sulfurization, providing a clean junction interface and processing scalability. The aluminum top gate possesses a self-limiting oxide around the gate structure, allowing for a self-aligned deposition of drain/source contacts to reduce the access (litigated) channel regions and to boost the device performance. The generated photo current, inherently restricted by the limited optical absorption cross section of 2D materials, can be enhanced by 2 orders of magnitude by top gating. The resulting photoresponsivity can reach 4.0 A/W under an illumination power density of 0.5 mW/cm(2), and the dark current can be minimized to few picoamperes, yielding a low noise-equivalent power of 2.5 x 10(-16) W/Hz(1/2). Tailoring 2D heterostacks as well as the device architecture moves the applications of 2D-based optoelectronic devices one big step forward.