Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2017-12-15"
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Item type:Item, 美國專利紛爭解決之關鍵性變革──論美國專利複審程序的結構功能分析與實施成效(交通大學科技法律學院(原名稱:交通大學科技法律研究所), 2017-12-15) ;陳在方Tsai-Fang Chen美國發明法的設計,反映出美國專利法制對於專利權與公眾利益間平衡點之重新思索。美國發明法下之專利複審制度,提供具備高度效率的專利再審查平台,平衡專利權人與潛在被控侵權人間之攻防武器,對於美國專利制度之運作影響極大。本文係針對複審程序設計架構與程序性質之特點深入研究。複審程序主要係以靜態之三層次架構以及動態的兩階段審理結構所組成。架構上,係由不同性質與類型之專利,設計出核准後複審(Post-Grant Review, PGR)、多方複審(Inter Partes Review, IPR)、商業方法過渡期複審(Covered Business Method Patent Review, CBMR)之三層次程序架構。在此三層次架構之中,各個程序之進行採取兩階段的審理結構,亦即每個層次均包括立案申請與本案審判等兩階段。複審制度結構功能之設計,大幅引進典型司法審判程序之程序元素,與行政程序之程序元素重組交錯適用後,達到特殊的制度功能,兼採審判程序與行政程序的優點,以達到平衡專利權利與公眾利益的目的。複審程序的結構元素的設計,係此一制度得以達到其制度目的之重要關鍵。本文並為檢視複審制度實施至今的運作情況是否反映其制度功能,利用Lex Machina 專利訴訟資料庫的實證數據,針對複審程序至今的發展狀態加以分析,為專利審判及上訴委員會(Patent Trial and Appeal Board, PTAB)前4 年5 個月的審判活動提供具體的審視。Item type:Item, High mobility transparent conductive Al-doped ZnO thin films by atomic layer deposition(2017-12-15) ;Lin, Man-Ling ;Huang, Jheng-Ming ;Ku, Ching-Shun ;Lin, Chih-MingLee, Hsin-YiThe effects of growth temperature on the microstructure, transport and optoelectronic properties of a series of Al-doped ZnO (AZO) films with thickness of similar to 30 nm deposited on polished silicon-(100) and glass substrates by the atomic layer deposition (ALD) were investigated. By adopting an in-situ doping growth scheme the critical length effect associated with adjacent Al2O3 layers commonly encountered in previous ALD growth schemes was avoided and effective Al-doping was achieved with the growth temperature ranging from 100 degrees C to 300 degrees C. Experimental results showed that, in general, increasing the growth temperature would result in much improved film crystallinity and carrier mobility, with the average transmittance in the visible wavelength range being exceeding 95% in all cases. In particular, for AZO films grown at 300 degrees C, an unprecedented mobility of 136 cm(2)V(-1)s(-1) was obtained, comparing to the typical values of 50-60 cm(2)V(-1)s(-1) reported previously. The resistivity of these 300 degrees C films (rho approximate to 6 x 10(-4) Omega-cm), nevertheless, is slightly higher than that of some highly-doped ZnO (rho approximate to 2 -4 x 10(-4) Omega-cm) prepared by sputtering methods. The secondary ion mass spectroscopy (SIMS) analyses revealed that hydrogen incorporation is the key in reducing the charge trap density and, hence, resulting in much enhanced carrier mobility. The present results promise a keen competitiveness of AZO with the indium tin oxide (ITO) film for thin-film-transistor (TFT) as well as in photovoltaic device applications. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Item type:Item, 控制權溢價之意涵及其歸屬(交通大學科技法律學院(原名稱:交通大學科技法律研究所), 2017-12-15) ;黃朝琮Chao-Tsung Huang本文觀察美國法上所討論之控制權溢價的內涵,認為可以將之解析為綜效價值、徵用價值及純粹控制價值三者。除公開收購的場合,控制權溢價在美國法上原則歸屬於控制權人,但允許其將之與少數股東分享,並透過受託義務審查及股份收買請求權等機制,使少數股東有機會分享控制權溢價。換言之,控制權溢價之歸屬並非只有一個答案,其分配亦非全有全無。我國關於控制權溢價的概念係在股份收買請求權的脈絡中展開,其中定義雖屬完整,然未完整架構控制權溢價歸屬之完整體系,且有以全有全無方式,作單一配置的傾向,本文觀察相關學說實務見解,試圖提出控制權溢價歸屬的整體架構。Item type:Item, 美國專利懲罰性賠償解析──以2016年聯邦最高法院 Halo Electronics Inc. v. Pulse Electronics Inc.為中心(交通大學科技法律學院(原名稱:交通大學科技法律研究所), 2017-12-15) ;呂柔慧Jou-Hui Lu懲罰性賠償,意指於填補權利人損害外,由法院再行提高侵權人之損害賠償數額。於大陸法系國家,由於傳統認為有損害斯有賠償,對於英美法系懲罰性賠償之概念尚無法完全接受,因此,導致我國專利法懲罰性賠償於2011 年至2013 年間反覆立法,實務在操作上也尚未臻成熟階段。反觀美國專利法制,懲罰性賠償之發展已將近有兩個世紀之久,雖於法條上不同於我國明定以侵權人「故意」為適用前提,實務上仍發展出以侵權人「蓄意」(willful)為要件,美國聯邦最高法院並於2016 年做出Halo Electronics Inc.v. Pulse Electronics Inc. 案,推翻適用將近10 年的In re Seagate Technology,LLC 案之兩階段測試法,重新提出「蓄意」之認定標準。本文即以上開判決為中心,詳述美國專利懲罰性賠償之發展歷程,以及本案可能帶來之影響,最後,以美國法為借鏡,提出我國專利懲罰性賠償之設立有其正當性,但不應以填補損害為主要目的,實務對於相關酌定標準之運作仍有待未來持續發展;另外,我國廠商對於美國此項最新發展亦不能不注意,以避免遭法院認定為「蓄意」,而同負懲罰性賠償之連帶責任。Item type:Item, Spontaneous luminescence color change in the firefly luciferase assay system(2017-12-15) ;Liu, Pei-Han ;Urban, Pawel L. ;應用化學系Department of Applied ChemistryThe temporal effects of luciferase reaction luminescence have only been discussed in the context of light intensity (flash vs. glow). However, alterations in the color of the light emitted over the course of the luciferase reaction have not been reported. Here, we show a temporal change in the light color emitted during the reaction catalyzed by unmodified firefly luciferase when concentrations of one of the substrates, adenosine triphosphate (ATP), are gradually increased. The temporal color change from green to red occurs within the first few minutes of the luciferase reaction when an ATP-containing solution is either added or synthesized in situ with the aid of an autocatalytic reaction occurring simultaneously. This color change is not accompanied by pH changes. An analysis of the red and green channels demonstrates dissimilar kinetics, suggesting the co-existence of two or more temporally shifted luminescence pathways. The implications of these findings might improve dual-color biosensing/imaging protocols and influence the engineering of biophotonic systems.Item type:Item, Exploring the self-mode locking of the 2 mu m Tm:YAG laser with suppression of the self-pulsing dynamic(2017-12-15) ;Cho, Chun Yu ;Chen, Yung Fu ;Zhang, Ge ;Chen, Wei DongLiang, Hsing ChihA continuous-wave (cw) self-mode-locked Tm:YAG laser at 2015 nm is successfully demonstrated by suppressing the self-pulsing behavior. By using rate equations to simulate the laser temporal dynamic, the theoretical analysis indicates that the reabsorption-induced self-pulsing for the Tm: YAG laser can be suppressed with sufficient pump power. It is experimentally confirmed that at absorbed powers higher than 6 W, the self-pulsing can be eliminated and a cw self-mode-locked pulse is generated instead of the Q-switched mode locking. At an absorbed power of 6.8 W, the output power of the self-mode-locked Tm: YAG laser reaches 1.22 W with corresponding pulse duration of 3 ps and a repetition rate of 3.376 GHz. (C) 2017 Optical Society of AmericaItem type:Item, A facile method to prepare "green" nano-phosphors with a large Stokes-shift and solid-state enhanced photophysical properties based on surface-modified gold nanoclusters(2017-12-15) ;Cheng, C. H. ;Huang, H. Y. ;Talite, M. J. ;Chou, W. C.Yeh, J. M.Colloidal nano-materials, such as quantum dots (QDs) have been applied to light-conversion nano phosphors due to their unique tunable emission. However, most of the QDs involve toxic elements and are synthesized in a hazardous solvent. In addition, conventional QD nano-phosphors with a small Stokes shift suffered from reabsorption losses and aggregation-induced quenching in the solid state. Here, we demonstrate a facile, matrix-free method to prepare eco-friendly nano-phosphors with a large Stokes shift based on aqueous thiolate-stabilized gold nanoclusters (GSH-AuNCs) with simple surface modifications. Our method is just to drop GSH-AuNCs solution on the aluminum foil and then surface modified AuNCs (Al-GSH-AuNCs) can be spontaneously precipitated out of the aqueous solution. Compared with pristine GSH-AuNCs in solution, the Al-GSH-AuNCs exhibit enhanced solid-state PL quantum yields, lengthened PL lifetime, and spectral blue shift, which can be attributed to the aggregation induced emission enhancement facilitated by surface modifications. Such surface-treatment induced aggregation of AuNCs can restrict the surface-ligand motion, leading to the enhancement of PL properties in the solid state. In addition, the Al-GSH-AuNCs nano-phosphors with a large Stokes shift can mitigate the aggregation-induced PL quenching and reabsorption losses, which would be potential candidates for "green" nano-phosphors. (C) 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Item type:Item, 著作權法追及權之研究(交通大學科技法律學院(原名稱:交通大學科技法律研究所), 2017-12-15) ;許炳華Pin-Hua Hsu追及權首度於1920 年為法國所法制化,斯時起,法國之視覺藝術家有權由其作品再銷售之過程要求獲得增值分享權利金,追及權雖時常被描繪為財產權利,然精確言之,應界定其為人格權與著作人權利之混合,因為其同時源自於不可移轉之源權及參與未來經濟性利用著作之權利,在將近一世紀後,追及權已在全球81 個國家實施,並為伯恩公約第14 條明文化,而融合至歐盟之層級。功能健全之著作權法必須提供著作人豐沛之支持,畢竟著作人應該是著作權體系首要之受益者,促進所有人珍視文化、強化對於創作者本身之尊重、藉由藝術之過程及實現來擴展參與,殆屬國際著作權規範之任務,從理論面觀之,追及權確然成為爭議性之議題,然在國際現實下,未來追及權之國際條約將成為下一階段之挑戰。Item type:Item, 對「行賄外國公務員罪」之檢視與修正建議──以日本之立法經驗為借鏡(交通大學科技法律學院(原名稱:交通大學科技法律研究所), 2017-12-15) ;張天一Tien-Yi Chang貪污治罪條例第11 條第三項為「行賄外國公務員罪」之規定,其目的在於防止我國人民或企業為在國際貿易上取得優勢地位或利益,而對外國公務員行賄,以杜絕商業賄賂行為。但該規定自2003 年制定後,經歷15 年的時間,卻幾無遭到追訴的案例,究竟是法律制定上發生問題,或是執行上有所困難,值得深入探討。而日本於1997 年簽署經濟合作暨發展組織的「禁止在國際貿易中行賄外國公務員公約」後,為了履行相關義務,而於1998 年在不正競爭防止法中增訂了「對外國公務員贈賄罪」,其後,為了配合經濟合作暨發展組織的檢查,對於該罪及相關規定又進行多次的修正。而日本在立法、修法及執行過程中所遭遇到的相關問題,以及所提出之因應對策,應有值得我國借鏡之處。因此,本文透過對日本「對外國公務員贈賄罪」的介紹,進而檢視我國「行賄外國公務員罪」所存在之問題,並嘗試提出解決方案,期望在提升我國貿易競爭力與履行國際義務間,能尋得適當的平衡點。Item type:Item, 相位雜訊量測電路(2017-12-16) ;陳巍仁郭柏毅一種相位雜訊量測電路,其是利用數位相位轉換器產生N個相位時脈訊號,並選擇N個相位時脈訊號其中之一,與待量測之一震盪訊號相比較,再透過積分器與比較器之處理,以產生一相位雜訊訊號。其中N個相位時脈訊號彼此間具有相同之頻率但不同之相位,而相位雜訊訊號為震盪訊號中相位雜訊經量化後之一數位訊號,且數位訊號包含雜訊頻譜成分以及雜訊功率大小,以供後續量測。Item type:Item, 中高溫捕碳劑及其製造方法(2017-12-16) ;陳三元 ;林杰燕 ;張博學徐華珮本發明提供一種捕碳劑,包括由75~97mol%的鈣、1.5~12.5mol%的鎂以及0.5~12.5mol%的鋁的材料所構成之一金屬有機骨架(Metal-organic Framework;MOF)。Item type:Item, 立體顯示屏幕以及立體顯示系統(2017-12-16)陳政寰一種立體顯示屏幕包含一基材以及一視差產生器。基材包含多個陣列排列之光學區域。每一光學區域包含至少一成像區域以及一透明區域,其中每一成像區域包含一左眼影像子區域以及一右眼影像子區域。視差產生器包含多個微結構,其對應設置於每一成像區域之一出光側,以分別導引來自左眼影像子區域以及右眼影像子區域之光線至一觀看者之左眼位置以及右眼位置。上述立體顯示屏幕可讓觀看者在觀看立體影像時,亦可經由透明區域觀看立體顯示屏幕相對側之環境背景。同時亦揭露一種包含上述立體顯示屏幕之立體顯示系統。Item type:Item, 上天入地 霧運算銜接雲到物(2017-12-17) ;范晨星 ;Department of Communication and Technology傳播與科技學系因應IoT、5G和AI等資料密集應用需求,霧運算的出現補足了既有系統的不足,達到商業化的服務目的。Item type:Item, 厭女?仇男?網路的性別戰爭(2017-12-17) ;徐仟妤 ;Department of Communication and Technology傳播與科技學系近年來的網路社群對於性別議題充滿了肅殺之氣,從經濟、社會與心理學角度切入性別論戰的成因。Item type:Item, 周育如 讓設計發酵於生活(2017-12-17) ;洪儷娟 ;Department of Communication and Technology傳播與科技學系從周育如的酵母開始,讓人產生對都市的黏性,打開我們對設計的觀點。Item type:Item, 10233(2017-12-17) ;鄭仰珉 ;Department of Communication and Technology傳播與科技學系第一次自己寫詞錄音,表現有點生澀。但是這首歌,只是想向我最初233室友抱怨「為什麼你們都離開啦」。Item type:Item, 總編輯的話(2017-12-17) ;黃珮瑄 ;Department of Communication and Technology傳播與科技學系本期為喀報279期,稿件共計13篇,以社會議題及文化現象居多,探討不同議題。本期頭題為「通姦除罪化 到底除什麼?」,帶領讀者了解廢除通姦罪的背景及後續發展,期盼讀者真正認識通姦罪。Item type:Item, 限時動態 為何令人著迷?(2017-12-17) ;葉宜瑩 ;Department of Communication and Technology傳播與科技學系2017年11月底IG推出新功能,讓限時動態可以永存。透過這項與限時動態初衷不同的新功能,來理解為何我們這麼喜歡發布限時動態。Item type:Item, 通姦除罪化 到底除什麼?(2017-12-17) ;甘愷璇 ;Department of Communication and Technology傳播與科技學系今年五月司法改革國是會議第五分組決定廢除通姦罪,引起各界討論。通姦除罪化,究竟是除掉什麼罪?Item type:Item,